1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
27 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
28 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
29 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
30 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg may still apply.
33 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
34 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
35 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
39 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
40 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
42 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
43 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
44 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
47 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
48 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
49 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
50 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
51 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
52 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
55 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
56 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
57 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
58 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
62 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
63 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
66 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
67 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
68 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
69 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
70 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
71 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
74 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
75 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
76 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
77 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
80 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
81 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
82 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
83 in next mpd5.3 release.
86 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
87 the base system (it was a port).
90 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
91 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
94 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
95 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
96 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
97 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
98 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
99 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
100 none of the L2 information.
103 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
104 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
106 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
108 to their kernel config files when specifying:
112 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
113 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
114 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
115 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
118 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
119 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
120 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
121 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
122 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
126 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
127 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
128 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
129 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
132 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
135 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
136 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
137 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
138 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
139 controller add the following to loader.conf:
145 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
146 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
150 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
151 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
152 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
153 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
154 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
157 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
163 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
165 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
166 cause compilation to fail.
169 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
172 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
174 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
175 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
176 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
177 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
178 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
179 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
180 accepting the RSA key.
182 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
183 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
186 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
187 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
188 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
192 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
193 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
194 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
196 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
197 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
198 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
199 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
200 use the new device names.
202 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
203 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
204 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
205 at the loader prompt:
207 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
208 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
209 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
210 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
214 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
218 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
219 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
220 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
221 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
224 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
225 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
228 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
229 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
230 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
231 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
232 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
235 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
236 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
237 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
238 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
240 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
243 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
244 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
245 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
246 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
248 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
249 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
250 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
253 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
254 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
255 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
256 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
257 other operation levels.
260 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
261 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
262 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
263 compatibility with any prior release:
265 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
266 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
267 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
270 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
271 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
272 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
273 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
274 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
278 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
279 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
280 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
281 with older hardware easier to do.
284 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
285 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
288 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
289 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
290 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
294 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
298 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
299 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
300 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
301 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
302 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
303 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
304 third-party software might fail to build after this change
305 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
306 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
307 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
308 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
309 case that a portable fix is impossible.
312 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
313 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
314 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
317 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
318 functionality is the default now.
321 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
322 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
323 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
324 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
325 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
327 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
328 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
329 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
332 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
333 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
334 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
335 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
336 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
337 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
338 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
339 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
340 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
341 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
345 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
346 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
348 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
349 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
350 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
356 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
357 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
360 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
361 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
362 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
363 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
364 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
367 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
368 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
369 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
370 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
374 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
375 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
376 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
379 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
380 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
381 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
384 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
385 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
386 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
387 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
388 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
391 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
392 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
393 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
394 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
395 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
396 will change after some settling time.
399 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
400 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
404 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
405 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
409 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
410 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
411 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
412 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
415 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
416 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
417 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
418 the IPv4 network stack.
420 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
421 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
422 has now been removed.
424 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
425 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
426 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
427 updated to reflect this.
429 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
430 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
434 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
435 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
436 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
437 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
438 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
439 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
440 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
441 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
442 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
443 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
447 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
448 function and starts providing an account management function.
449 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
450 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
451 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
453 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
455 and change it according to this example:
457 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
459 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
460 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
461 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
462 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
465 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
466 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
467 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
468 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
471 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
472 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
473 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
474 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
475 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
476 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
480 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
481 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
482 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
483 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
484 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
485 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
486 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
488 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
489 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
490 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
493 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
494 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
495 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
496 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
499 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
500 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
503 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
504 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
505 base operating system should be recompiled.
508 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
509 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
510 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
511 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
512 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
515 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
516 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
517 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
518 deprecated in previous releases.
519 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
520 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
523 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
524 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
525 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
527 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
530 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
531 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
532 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
533 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
536 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
537 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
538 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
539 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
540 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
541 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
542 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
543 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
544 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
547 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
548 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
549 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
550 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
554 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
555 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
556 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
558 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
559 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
560 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
563 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
564 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
565 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
566 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
567 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
571 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
572 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
573 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
574 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
575 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
578 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
579 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
580 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
581 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
584 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
585 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
586 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
587 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
591 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
592 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
593 with exceptions of followings:
594 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
595 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
596 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
597 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
598 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
599 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
600 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
601 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
604 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
605 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
606 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
607 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
608 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
609 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
611 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
613 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
614 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
615 the array the same way you built it originally.
618 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
619 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
620 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
621 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
622 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
623 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
624 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
627 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
628 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
629 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
630 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
631 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
634 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
635 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
636 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
637 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
638 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
641 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
642 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
643 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
644 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
645 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
646 added to 'struct proc'.
649 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
652 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
653 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
654 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
655 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
656 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
659 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
662 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
663 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
664 systat needs to be rebuilt.
667 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
670 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
671 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
672 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
675 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
676 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
677 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
678 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
679 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
682 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
683 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
684 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
685 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
688 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
689 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
693 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
694 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
695 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
696 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
697 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
700 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
701 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
702 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
703 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
704 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
705 `make installworld' with:
707 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
709 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
710 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
711 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
712 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
715 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
716 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
717 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
718 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
722 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
723 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
724 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
725 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
726 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
727 implements the interface to support it.
730 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
731 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
732 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
733 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
737 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
738 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
739 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
740 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
741 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
742 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
743 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
744 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
745 likely follow. Posting to current@:
747 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
750 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
751 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
754 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
755 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
756 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
757 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
761 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
762 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
763 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
766 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
767 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
770 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
771 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
772 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
773 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
774 on your next install.
775 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
776 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
777 to your /etc/make.conf.
780 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
781 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
782 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
785 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
786 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
787 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
790 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
791 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
794 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
795 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
796 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
797 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
800 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
801 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
802 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
805 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
806 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
807 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
811 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
812 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
813 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
814 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
815 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
816 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
817 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
818 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
821 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
822 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
823 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
826 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
827 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
830 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
831 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
834 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
835 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
836 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
839 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
840 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
841 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
842 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
843 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
844 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
848 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
849 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
852 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
853 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
856 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
857 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
858 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
859 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
863 RELENG_6 branched here.
866 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
867 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
868 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
869 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
870 removable_interfaces.
873 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
874 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
875 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
876 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
877 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
878 affect existing configurations.
881 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
882 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
883 updated to the new APIs.
886 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
887 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
888 will not behave correctly.
890 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
891 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
892 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
895 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
896 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
897 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
898 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
899 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
901 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
902 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
906 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
907 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
910 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
911 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
912 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
913 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
914 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
915 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
916 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
919 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
920 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
921 fail after this date. For full details, please see
922 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
925 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
926 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
927 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
930 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
931 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
932 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
936 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
937 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
938 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
939 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
942 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
943 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
944 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
945 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
946 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
950 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
951 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
954 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
955 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
959 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
960 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
961 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
964 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
965 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
966 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
967 if you have updated the kernel.
969 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
970 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
971 mounting the new volume.
974 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
975 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
976 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
977 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
980 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
981 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
984 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
985 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
986 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
987 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
988 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
989 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
992 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
993 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
994 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
995 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
996 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
999 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1000 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1001 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1002 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1003 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1004 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1005 and wlan_xauth as required.
1008 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1009 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1010 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1011 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1015 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1016 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1017 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1018 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1019 the module when a wep key is configured).
1022 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1023 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1024 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1027 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1028 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1031 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1032 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1033 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1034 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1035 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1036 their /etc/rc scripts.
1039 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1042 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1043 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1044 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1047 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1048 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1049 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1052 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1053 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1059 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1060 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1061 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1062 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1063 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1064 on the -current branch).
1066 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1067 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1068 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1069 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1070 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1071 page for more details.
1073 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1074 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1075 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1076 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1077 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1082 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1083 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1084 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1086 make kernel-toolchain
1087 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1088 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1090 To test a kernel once
1091 ---------------------
1092 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1093 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1094 debugging information) run
1095 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1096 nextboot -k testkernel
1098 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1099 --------------------------------------------------------------
1100 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1101 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1102 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1104 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1105 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1106 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1111 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1113 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1114 -----------------------------------------------------------
1115 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1116 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1118 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1120 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1122 <reboot in single user> [3]
1130 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1131 --------------------------------------------------
1132 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1133 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1134 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1137 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1140 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1141 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1142 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1143 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1144 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1145 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1146 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1147 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1148 <reboot into current>
1149 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1150 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1154 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1155 ----------------------------------------------
1156 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1158 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1160 <reboot in single user> [3]
1167 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1168 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1169 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1170 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1171 the UPDATING entries.
1173 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1174 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1175 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1176 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1177 much fewer pitfalls.
1179 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1180 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1183 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1188 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1189 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1190 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1192 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1193 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1194 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1195 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1196 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1197 for potential gotchas.
1199 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1200 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1201 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1202 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1203 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1204 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1206 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1207 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1208 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1209 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1210 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1212 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1213 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1215 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1216 cvs prune empty directories.
1218 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1219 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1220 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1222 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1223 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1224 warn if it is improperly defined.
1227 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1228 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1229 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1230 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1232 Copyright information:
1234 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1236 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1237 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1238 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1240 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1241 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1242 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1243 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1244 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1245 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1246 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1247 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1248 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1249 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1250 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1252 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1255 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of