1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
31 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
32 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
35 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
36 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
37 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
38 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
41 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
42 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
43 MTU on all member interfaces instead.
46 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
47 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
48 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
51 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
52 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
53 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
54 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
55 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
56 to update your sources past the above hash and do
59 % sudo -E make install
60 to enable building kernels again.
63 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
64 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not
65 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
68 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
69 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
72 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
73 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
75 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
78 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
79 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
80 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
84 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
85 renamed to "untrusted".
88 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
89 please install the svn package or port.
92 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
93 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
94 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
97 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
100 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
101 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
102 https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
103 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
104 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
105 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
106 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
109 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
110 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where
111 comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this.
114 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
115 libraries and utilities are packaged.
116 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
117 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
118 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
119 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
123 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
124 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules
125 need to be rebuilt from sources.
126 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
127 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
131 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
132 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
133 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
134 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
135 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
136 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
139 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
140 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
141 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
142 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
145 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
146 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
147 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
150 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
151 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003
155 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
156 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
157 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
158 since it was bumped so recently.
161 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
162 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
163 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
164 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
167 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
168 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
169 requires a clean build.
172 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
173 instructions can be found at
174 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
175 and other documents in that repo.
178 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
179 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
180 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
181 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
184 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
185 may be installed from ports or packages.
188 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
189 See ping(8) for details.
192 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
193 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
194 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
197 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
198 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
199 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
200 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
201 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
204 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
205 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
206 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
207 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
208 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
212 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
213 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
214 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
215 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
217 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
218 command you want to un-auger the tree is
221 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
222 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
225 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
226 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
227 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
228 unless you want to use new features.
230 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
231 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
232 rebuilding world may fail.
234 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
235 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
237 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
238 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
239 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
240 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
243 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
244 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
245 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
246 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
249 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
250 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
254 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
255 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
258 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
259 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
260 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
261 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
264 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
265 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
266 from sources, so a version bump was done.
269 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
270 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
271 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
272 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
275 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
276 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
277 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
278 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
279 continue to function.
281 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
282 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
283 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
284 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
287 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
288 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
289 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
290 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
291 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
292 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
293 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
296 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
297 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
300 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
301 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
302 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
305 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
306 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
307 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
308 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
310 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
311 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
312 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
313 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
317 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
318 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
319 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
320 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
323 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
324 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
327 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
328 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
329 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
330 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
331 be functional without closefrom(2).
334 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
335 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
336 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
337 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
338 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
339 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
342 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
343 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
344 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
345 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
348 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
349 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
350 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
353 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
356 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
357 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
358 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
361 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
362 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
365 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
366 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
367 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
371 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
372 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
376 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
377 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
378 together with their new kernel.
381 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
382 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
383 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
385 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
386 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
389 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
393 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
394 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
395 external toolchain package.
398 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
399 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
400 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
401 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
402 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
405 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
406 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
407 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
408 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
411 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
412 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
413 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
417 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
420 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
421 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
422 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
423 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
426 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
427 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
428 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
431 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
432 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
433 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
434 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
435 differences between those included in the port and those included in
436 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
437 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
438 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
441 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
442 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
446 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
447 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
448 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
449 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
450 add superio to the set.
453 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
454 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
457 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
458 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
459 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
460 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
461 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
462 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
463 completely in the future.
466 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
467 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
468 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
469 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
470 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
471 will be removed from the list.
474 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
475 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
476 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
477 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
480 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
481 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
482 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
483 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
486 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
487 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
488 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
489 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
492 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
493 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
494 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
497 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
498 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
499 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
500 your scripts, because they had no effect.
502 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
503 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
504 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
505 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
506 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
509 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
510 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
511 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
512 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
513 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
514 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
515 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
518 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
519 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
520 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
521 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
524 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
525 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
526 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
527 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
530 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
531 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
532 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
535 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
536 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
537 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
538 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
539 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
540 avoid running into the limit.
543 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
544 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
547 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
548 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
549 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
550 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
551 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
552 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
555 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
556 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
559 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
560 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
561 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
562 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
563 availability properties.
565 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
566 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
567 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
568 initial condition, if desired.
570 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
571 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
573 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
574 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
575 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
576 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
579 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
580 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
581 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
582 therefore unblocked).
585 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
586 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
587 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
588 is added to the command line.
589 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
590 not affected and should continue to work.
593 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
594 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
595 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
596 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
599 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
600 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
601 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
605 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
606 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
610 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
611 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
612 migrating to the drm ports.
615 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
616 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
617 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
618 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
619 is loaded automatically.
622 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
623 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
624 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
628 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
629 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
630 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
631 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
634 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
635 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
636 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
637 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
638 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
642 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
643 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
644 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
646 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
647 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
649 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
650 removed from the mips port.
653 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
654 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
655 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
659 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
660 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
663 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
664 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
665 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
666 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
669 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
670 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
671 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
674 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
675 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
676 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
680 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
681 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
682 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
684 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
685 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
686 being included using the command:
690 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
691 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
694 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
695 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
696 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
697 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
698 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
699 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
700 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
701 that as you will get better support.
703 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
704 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
705 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
706 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
708 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
709 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
710 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
711 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
715 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
716 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
717 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
718 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
719 be adjusted as necessary.
722 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
723 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
724 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
725 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
728 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
729 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
730 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
731 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
735 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
736 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
737 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
738 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
742 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
743 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
744 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
745 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
746 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
747 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
750 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
751 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
752 default since FreeBSD-11.
755 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
756 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
757 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
760 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
761 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
762 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
763 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
764 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
765 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
766 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
768 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
769 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
772 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
773 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
774 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
775 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
776 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
777 may not be observed in a future release.
780 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
781 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
785 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
786 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
787 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
788 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
791 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
792 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
793 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
794 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
798 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
799 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
800 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
803 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
804 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
805 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
806 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
807 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
810 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
811 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
812 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
813 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
814 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
815 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
818 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
819 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
820 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
824 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
825 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
826 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
829 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
830 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
831 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
832 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
833 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
834 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
835 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
836 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
837 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
838 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
842 Big endian arm support has been removed.
845 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
846 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
847 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
848 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
849 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
852 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
853 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
854 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
855 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
856 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
857 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
860 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
861 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
864 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
865 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
866 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
867 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
868 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
869 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
870 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
873 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
874 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
875 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
879 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
880 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
881 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
885 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
886 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
889 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
890 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
894 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
895 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
896 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
897 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
900 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
901 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
902 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
906 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
907 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
908 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
912 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
913 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
914 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
915 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
916 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
917 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
920 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
921 workaround is necessary.
924 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
925 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
926 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
927 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
930 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
931 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
932 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
933 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
934 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
937 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
938 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
939 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
940 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
943 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
944 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
945 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
949 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
950 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
954 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
955 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
959 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
960 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
961 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
962 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
963 microseconds and time zone offsets.
965 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
966 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
967 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
968 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
969 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
970 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
971 adjustments, depending on the software used.
973 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
974 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
977 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
980 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
981 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
982 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
984 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
986 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
987 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
988 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
989 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
990 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
991 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
992 thus expected to continue to function as before.
994 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
998 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
999 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1000 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1003 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1004 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1005 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1006 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1007 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1008 should be as simple as:
1010 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1011 $ make depend all install
1014 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1015 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1016 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1017 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1018 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1019 provisions for backup boot methods.
1022 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1023 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1024 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1028 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1029 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1030 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1034 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1035 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1036 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1038 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1039 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1042 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1043 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1044 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1045 remove it from kernel config files.
1048 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1049 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1050 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1052 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1053 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1056 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1057 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1058 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1059 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1062 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1063 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1066 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1067 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1068 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1069 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1072 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1073 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1074 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1075 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1076 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1077 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1080 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1081 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1082 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1085 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1086 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1087 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1088 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1089 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1092 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1093 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1094 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1095 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1096 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1100 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1101 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1102 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1103 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1104 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1105 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1106 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1107 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1108 than hardcoding paths.
1111 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1112 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1113 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1116 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1117 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1118 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1119 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1122 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1123 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1126 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1127 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1128 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1129 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1132 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1133 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1134 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1135 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1136 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1139 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1140 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1141 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1142 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1146 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1147 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1148 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1149 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1150 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1153 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1154 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1157 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1158 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1162 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1163 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1167 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1168 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1169 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1170 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1172 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1173 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1174 sandbox if successful.
1176 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1177 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1178 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1179 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1180 an unprivileged user.
1183 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1184 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1185 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1186 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1187 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1188 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1189 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1190 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1191 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1192 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1193 to which you should answer yes.
1196 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1197 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1198 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1199 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1200 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1203 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1204 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1205 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1208 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1209 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1212 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1213 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1214 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1215 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1216 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1217 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1218 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1221 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1222 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1223 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1224 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1225 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1226 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1229 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1230 if you require the GPL compiler.
1233 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1234 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1235 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1238 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1239 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1240 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1244 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1245 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1246 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1247 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1248 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1249 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1252 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1253 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1254 which only require one chipset support.
1256 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1260 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1261 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1262 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1264 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1265 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1268 * load the chip modules in question
1269 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1271 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1272 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1274 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1277 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1278 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1279 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1281 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1282 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1283 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1285 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1286 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1287 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1288 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1289 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1290 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1291 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1292 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1295 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1296 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1297 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1300 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1301 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1302 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1305 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1306 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1307 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1308 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1309 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1310 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1311 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1314 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1315 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1316 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1317 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1320 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1321 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1322 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1325 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1326 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1327 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1330 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1331 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1333 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1334 via one of the following methods:
1335 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1336 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1337 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1338 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1340 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1343 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1344 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1345 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1346 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1350 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1351 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1352 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1353 be prefixed with colon.
1356 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1357 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1358 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1361 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1362 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1363 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1366 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1367 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1368 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1372 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1376 MCA bus support has been removed.
1379 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1380 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1383 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1384 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1387 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1388 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1389 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1393 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1394 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1395 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1398 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1399 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1400 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1403 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1404 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1405 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1408 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1409 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1410 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1411 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1414 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1415 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1417 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1418 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1421 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1422 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1423 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1427 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1428 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1429 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1432 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1433 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1436 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1437 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1438 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1439 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1442 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1443 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1444 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1445 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1446 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1449 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1452 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1453 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1454 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1455 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1458 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1459 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1460 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1464 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1465 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1466 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1467 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1468 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1472 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1473 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1476 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1479 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1480 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1481 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1482 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1483 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1484 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1488 CAM now strips the leading spaces from each SCSI disk's serial number.
1489 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1490 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1491 previously contained a line like
1492 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1493 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1494 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1498 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1499 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1500 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1501 built with the old headers.
1504 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1505 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1506 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1507 installing a new libc.
1510 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1511 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1512 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1513 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1514 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1515 packages will be needed.
1517 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1518 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1519 and the install steps.
1522 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1523 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1524 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1525 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1526 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1527 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1530 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1531 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1532 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1533 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1534 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1536 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1537 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1538 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1539 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1540 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1542 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1543 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1544 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1545 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1546 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1547 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1550 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1551 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1552 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1553 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1554 quirks entry to 0x3.
1557 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1558 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1559 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1562 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1563 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1566 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1567 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1568 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1569 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1570 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1571 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1572 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1573 stale .depend files.
1576 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1577 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1578 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1582 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1583 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1584 make -C sys/boot install
1585 <reboot in single user>
1587 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1591 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1592 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1593 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1596 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1597 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1598 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1599 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1600 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1601 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1604 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1605 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1606 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1607 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1608 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1611 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1612 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1613 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1614 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1615 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1618 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1619 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1622 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1623 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1624 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1627 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1628 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1629 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1633 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1634 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1635 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1636 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1637 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1638 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1641 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1642 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1643 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1644 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1648 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1649 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1650 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1653 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1654 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1655 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1657 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1658 collation results will be different.
1660 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1661 locales before running make installworld.
1663 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1666 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1667 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1670 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1671 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1672 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1675 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1676 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1677 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1678 and 'make -N' will not.
1681 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1682 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1683 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1684 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1685 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1686 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1687 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1688 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1691 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1692 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1693 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1694 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1697 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1698 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1699 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1702 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1703 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1704 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1705 userland debug files.
1707 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1708 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1709 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1711 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1712 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1715 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1716 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1717 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1718 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1719 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1720 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1723 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1724 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1725 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1728 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1729 them, the kernel must have
1732 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1734 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1735 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1736 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1737 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1739 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1740 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1743 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1744 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1745 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1748 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1749 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1750 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1751 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1753 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1754 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1755 difference with this change.
1757 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1758 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1759 remove that workaround.
1762 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1763 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1764 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1767 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1770 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1771 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1772 loader.rc.local instead.
1775 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1776 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1777 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1780 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1781 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1782 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1784 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1785 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1788 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1789 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1790 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1791 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1792 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1793 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1794 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1795 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1796 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1797 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1798 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1799 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1802 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1803 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1805 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1806 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1807 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1809 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1810 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1812 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1813 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1814 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1816 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1817 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1818 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1819 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1821 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1822 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1823 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1824 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1826 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1827 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1828 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1829 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1830 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1831 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1832 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1833 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1837 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1838 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1841 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1842 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1845 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1846 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1847 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1848 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1849 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1852 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1853 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1854 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1855 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1858 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1859 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1860 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1861 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1862 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1863 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1864 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1866 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1867 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1868 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1869 replace it with '2'.
1870 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1871 a file path, create a new file with:
1872 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1873 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1874 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1875 5. Restart sendmail:
1876 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1878 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1882 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1883 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1884 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1885 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1888 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1891 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1892 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1893 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1896 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1897 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1900 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1901 same but content is different now
1902 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1903 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1904 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1905 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1906 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1909 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1910 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1911 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1914 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1915 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1918 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1919 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1922 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1923 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1924 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1927 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1928 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1929 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1930 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1933 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1934 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1935 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1938 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1939 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1940 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1941 kernel before rebooting.
1944 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1945 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1946 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1947 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1948 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1949 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1952 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1953 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1954 with the new kernel.
1957 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1958 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1959 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1962 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1963 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1964 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1965 are not already using 3.5.0.
1968 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1969 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1970 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1971 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1972 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1975 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1976 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1977 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1978 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1981 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1982 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1985 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1987 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1988 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1989 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1990 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1991 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1992 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1995 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1996 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1999 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2000 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2001 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2002 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2004 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2005 the instructions for 9.x above.
2007 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2008 default, and do not build clang.
2010 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2011 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2012 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2014 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2015 the following are most likely to appear:
2019 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2020 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2021 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2022 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2023 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2024 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2025 cast, or disable the warning.
2027 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2028 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2029 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2030 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2033 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2034 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2036 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2037 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2038 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2039 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2041 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2042 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2043 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2044 unreachable could be optimized away.
2047 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2048 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2049 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2050 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2051 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2052 the utilities will report errors.
2055 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2056 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2057 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2058 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2059 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2063 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2064 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2067 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2068 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2069 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2072 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2073 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2074 indicate what you need to do.
2076 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2077 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2078 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2080 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2081 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2085 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2086 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2090 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2091 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2095 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2099 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2100 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2101 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2102 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2103 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2104 their next update cycle.
2107 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2108 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2109 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2110 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2114 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2115 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2118 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2119 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2120 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2121 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2122 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2126 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2127 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2129 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2132 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2133 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2134 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2135 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2139 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2140 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2144 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2145 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2146 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2147 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2148 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2151 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2152 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2153 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2156 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2157 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2158 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2161 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2162 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2163 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2164 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2165 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2166 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2167 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2168 "make installworld".
2170 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2171 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2172 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2175 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2176 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2177 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2178 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2179 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2182 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2185 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2186 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2190 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2191 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2192 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2193 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2194 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2195 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2196 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2197 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2198 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2199 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2200 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2201 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2203 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2204 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2205 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2209 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2210 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2213 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2214 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2215 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2216 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2217 build hosts for older releases.
2219 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2220 r276991, respectively.
2223 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2224 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2225 will silently lack HESIOD.
2228 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2229 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2230 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2231 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2232 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2233 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2234 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2235 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2236 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2237 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2238 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2239 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2242 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2243 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2244 with command line option -W.
2247 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2248 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2249 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2250 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2251 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2254 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2257 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2258 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2261 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2262 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2263 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2264 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2265 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2268 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2269 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2270 kernel is still highly recommended.
2273 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2274 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2275 capability mode support in kernel.
2278 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2279 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2280 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2281 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2282 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2285 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2286 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2287 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2288 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2289 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2290 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2293 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2294 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2295 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2296 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2297 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2298 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2299 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2300 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2301 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2304 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2305 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2306 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2307 should change your settings to use the latter.
2310 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2311 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2312 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2313 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2314 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2317 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2318 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2319 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2321 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2323 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2326 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2333 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2334 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2335 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2336 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2337 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2338 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2339 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2340 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2342 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2343 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2344 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2345 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2346 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2347 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2348 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2349 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2352 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2353 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2354 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2355 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2358 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2359 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2360 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2361 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2363 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2364 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2365 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2366 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2367 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2368 should write them with this in mind.
2372 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2375 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2376 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2378 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2380 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2381 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2382 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2383 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2386 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2390 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2391 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2392 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2394 make kernel-toolchain
2395 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2396 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2398 To test a kernel once
2399 ---------------------
2400 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2401 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2402 debugging information) run
2403 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2404 nextboot -k testkernel
2406 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2407 -----------------------------------------------------------
2408 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2409 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2411 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2413 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2414 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2416 <reboot in single user> [3]
2423 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2424 --------------------------------------------------
2425 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2426 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2427 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2430 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2433 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2434 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2435 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2436 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2437 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2438 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2439 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2440 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2441 <reboot into current>
2442 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2443 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2447 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2448 ----------------------------------------------
2449 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2451 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2452 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2454 <reboot in single user> [3]
2461 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2462 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2463 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2464 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2465 the UPDATING entries.
2467 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2468 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2469 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2470 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2471 much fewer pitfalls.
2473 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2474 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2475 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2476 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2477 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2478 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2479 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2480 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2482 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2484 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2488 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2489 cd src # full path to source
2490 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2491 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2492 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2494 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2495 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2496 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2497 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2498 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2499 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2500 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2502 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2503 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2504 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2505 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2506 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2507 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2509 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2510 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2511 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2513 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2514 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2515 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2516 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2517 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2518 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2519 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2520 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2522 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2523 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2524 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2527 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2528 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2529 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2531 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2532 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2533 warn if it is improperly defined.
2536 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2537 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2538 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2539 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2540 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2542 Copyright information:
2544 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2546 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2547 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2548 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2550 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2551 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2552 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2553 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2554 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2555 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2556 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2557 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2558 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2559 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2560 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2562 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of