1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
27 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
28 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
31 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
32 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
33 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
34 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
35 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
36 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
37 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
38 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
39 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
41 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
42 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
43 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
44 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
45 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
48 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
49 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
50 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
51 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
52 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
55 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
56 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
60 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
64 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
65 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
66 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
69 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
70 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
73 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
74 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
78 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
79 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
81 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
84 For those who use ipfw and especially pf, those two firewalls
85 are now started BEFORE the network is initialized (i.e., before
86 rc.d/netif). Please review your rules to make sure that your
87 interfaces will be properly described.
90 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
94 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
95 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
98 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
100 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
103 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
104 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
105 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
106 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
107 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
108 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
111 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
112 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
115 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
117 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
120 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
121 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
122 data to /etc/localtime.
125 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
126 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
129 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
130 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
131 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
132 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
133 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
134 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
137 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
138 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
139 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
140 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
141 correctly checking networking state from userland.
142 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
145 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
146 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
147 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
148 follows the IPv4 implementation.
150 For kernel developers:
152 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
153 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
154 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
156 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
157 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
158 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
159 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
161 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
162 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
163 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
164 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
165 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
166 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
167 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
168 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
169 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
170 multicast membership on-link.
171 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
172 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
173 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
175 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
176 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
178 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
179 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
182 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
183 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
184 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
185 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
187 For application developers:
189 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
192 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
193 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
195 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
196 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
197 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
198 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
200 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
201 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
202 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
203 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
204 Multicast Source Filters'.
206 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
208 For systems administrators:
210 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
211 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
212 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
213 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
214 returned by getifaddrs(3).
216 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
217 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
219 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
220 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
221 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
222 recommended for optimal system performance.
224 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
225 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
226 back forwarded datagrams.
228 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
231 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
232 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
235 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
236 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
237 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
238 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
241 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
242 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
243 state will require a world rebuild.
244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
247 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
248 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
249 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
252 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
253 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
254 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
255 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
257 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
260 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
261 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
262 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
263 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
264 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
265 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
266 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
267 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
270 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
271 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
272 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
275 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
276 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
277 introduces some changes:
279 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
280 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
281 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
283 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
284 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
285 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
286 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
288 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
289 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
290 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
293 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
296 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
297 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
301 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
302 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
303 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
304 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
305 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
308 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
309 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
310 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
311 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
315 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
316 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
317 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
318 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
321 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
322 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
325 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
326 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
328 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
329 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
330 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
332 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
333 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
334 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
335 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
336 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
337 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
338 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
339 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
341 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
342 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
343 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
344 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
345 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
346 to preserve the existing behaviour.
348 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
349 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
350 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
351 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
352 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
354 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
355 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
356 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
359 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
360 recompiled to reflect this.
361 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
364 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
365 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
366 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
367 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
368 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
369 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
372 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
373 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
374 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
375 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
376 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
377 raised to allow such segments to be created.
380 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
381 network device driver modules.
384 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
385 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
388 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
389 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
390 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
391 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
392 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
396 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
397 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
398 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
402 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
403 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
405 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
406 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
407 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
410 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
411 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
412 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
413 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
414 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
415 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
417 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
418 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
420 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
421 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
424 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
425 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
426 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
427 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
431 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
432 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
435 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
436 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
437 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
438 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
439 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
440 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
443 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
444 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
445 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
446 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
449 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
450 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
451 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
452 in next mpd5.3 release.
455 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
456 the base system (it was a port).
459 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
460 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
463 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
464 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
465 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
466 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
467 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
468 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
469 none of the L2 information.
472 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
473 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
475 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
477 to their kernel config files when specifying:
481 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
482 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
483 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
484 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
487 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
488 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
489 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
490 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
491 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
495 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
496 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
497 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
498 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
501 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
504 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
505 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
506 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
507 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
508 controller add the following to loader.conf:
514 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
515 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
519 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
520 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
521 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
522 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
523 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
526 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
532 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
534 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
535 cause compilation to fail.
538 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
541 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
543 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
544 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
545 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
546 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
547 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
548 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
549 accepting the RSA key.
551 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
552 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
555 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
556 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
557 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
561 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
562 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
563 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
565 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
566 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
567 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
568 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
569 use the new device names.
571 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
572 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
573 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
574 at the loader prompt:
576 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
577 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
578 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
579 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
583 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
587 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
588 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
589 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
590 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
593 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
594 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
597 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
598 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
599 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
600 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
601 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
604 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
605 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
606 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
607 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
609 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
612 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
613 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
614 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
615 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
617 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
618 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
619 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
622 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
623 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
624 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
625 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
626 other operation levels.
629 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
630 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
631 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
632 compatibility with any prior release:
634 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
635 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
636 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
639 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
640 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
641 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
642 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
643 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
647 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
648 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
649 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
650 with older hardware easier to do.
653 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
654 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
657 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
658 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
659 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
663 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
667 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
668 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
669 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
670 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
671 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
672 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
673 third-party software might fail to build after this change
674 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
675 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
676 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
677 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
678 case that a portable fix is impossible.
681 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
682 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
683 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
686 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
687 functionality is the default now.
690 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
691 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
692 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
693 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
694 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
696 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
697 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
698 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
701 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
702 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
703 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
704 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
705 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
706 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
707 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
708 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
709 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
710 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
714 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
715 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
717 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
718 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
719 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
725 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
726 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
729 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
730 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
731 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
732 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
733 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
736 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
737 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
738 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
739 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
743 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
744 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
745 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
748 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
749 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
750 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
753 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
754 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
755 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
756 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
757 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
760 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
761 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
762 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
763 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
764 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
765 will change after some settling time.
768 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
769 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
773 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
774 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
778 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
779 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
780 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
781 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
784 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
785 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
786 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
787 the IPv4 network stack.
789 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
790 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
791 has now been removed.
793 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
794 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
795 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
796 updated to reflect this.
798 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
799 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
803 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
804 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
805 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
806 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
807 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
808 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
809 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
810 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
811 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
812 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
816 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
817 function and starts providing an account management function.
818 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
819 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
820 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
822 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
824 and change it according to this example:
826 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
828 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
829 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
830 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
831 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
834 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
835 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
836 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
837 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
840 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
841 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
842 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
843 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
844 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
845 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
849 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
850 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
851 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
852 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
853 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
854 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
855 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
857 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
858 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
859 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
862 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
863 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
864 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
865 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
868 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
869 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
872 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
873 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
874 base operating system should be recompiled.
877 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
878 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
879 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
880 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
881 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
884 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
885 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
886 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
887 deprecated in previous releases.
888 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
889 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
892 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
893 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
894 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
896 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
899 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
900 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
901 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
902 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
905 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
906 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
907 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
908 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
909 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
910 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
911 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
912 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
913 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
916 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
917 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
918 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
919 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
923 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
924 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
925 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
927 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
928 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
929 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
932 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
933 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
934 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
935 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
936 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
940 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
941 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
942 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
943 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
944 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
947 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
948 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
949 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
950 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
953 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
954 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
955 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
956 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
960 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
961 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
962 with exceptions of followings:
963 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
964 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
965 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
966 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
967 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
968 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
969 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
970 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
973 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
974 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
975 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
976 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
977 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
978 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
980 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
982 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
983 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
984 the array the same way you built it originally.
987 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
988 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
989 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
990 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
991 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
992 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
993 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
996 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
997 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
998 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
999 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1000 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1003 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1004 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1005 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1006 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1007 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1010 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1011 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1012 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1013 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1014 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1015 added to 'struct proc'.
1018 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1021 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1022 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1023 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1024 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1025 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1028 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1031 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1032 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1033 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1036 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1039 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1040 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1041 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1044 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1045 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1046 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1047 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1048 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1051 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1052 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1053 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1054 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1057 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1058 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1062 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1063 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1064 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1065 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1066 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1069 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1070 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1071 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1072 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1073 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1074 `make installworld' with:
1076 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1078 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1079 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1080 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1081 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1084 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1085 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1086 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1087 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1091 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1092 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1093 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1094 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1095 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1096 implements the interface to support it.
1099 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1100 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1101 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1102 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1106 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1107 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1108 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1109 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1110 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1111 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1112 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1113 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1114 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1116 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1119 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1120 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1123 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1124 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1125 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1126 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1130 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1131 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1132 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1135 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1136 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1139 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1140 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1141 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1142 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1143 on your next install.
1144 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1145 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1146 to your /etc/make.conf.
1149 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1150 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1151 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1154 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1155 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1156 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1159 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1160 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1163 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1164 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1165 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1166 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1169 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1170 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1171 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1174 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1175 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1176 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1180 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1181 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1182 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1183 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1184 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1185 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1186 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1187 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1190 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1191 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1192 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1195 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1196 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1199 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1200 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1203 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1204 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1205 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1208 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1209 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1210 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1211 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1212 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1213 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1217 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1218 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1221 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1222 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1225 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1226 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1227 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1228 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1232 RELENG_6 branched here.
1235 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1236 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1237 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1238 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1239 removable_interfaces.
1242 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1243 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1244 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1245 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1246 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1247 affect existing configurations.
1250 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1251 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1252 updated to the new APIs.
1255 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1256 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1257 will not behave correctly.
1259 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1260 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1261 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1264 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1265 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1266 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1267 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1268 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1270 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1271 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1275 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1276 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1279 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1280 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1281 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1282 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1283 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1284 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1285 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1288 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1289 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1290 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1291 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1294 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1295 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1296 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1299 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1300 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1301 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1305 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1306 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1307 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1308 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1311 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1312 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1313 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1314 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1315 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1316 none at this point.)
1319 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1320 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1323 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1324 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1325 with the new kernel.
1328 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1329 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1330 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1333 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1334 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1335 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1336 if you have updated the kernel.
1338 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1339 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1340 mounting the new volume.
1343 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1344 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1345 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1346 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1349 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1350 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1353 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1354 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1355 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1356 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1357 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1358 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1361 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1362 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1363 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1364 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1365 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1368 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1369 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1370 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1371 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1372 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1373 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1374 and wlan_xauth as required.
1377 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1378 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1379 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1380 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1384 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1385 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1386 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1387 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1388 the module when a wep key is configured).
1391 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1392 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1393 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1396 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1397 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1400 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1401 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1402 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1403 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1404 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1405 their /etc/rc scripts.
1408 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1411 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1412 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1413 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1416 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1417 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1418 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1421 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1422 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1428 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1429 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1430 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1431 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1432 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1433 on the -current branch).
1435 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1436 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1437 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1438 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1439 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1440 page for more details.
1442 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1443 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1444 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1445 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1446 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1451 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1452 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1453 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1455 make kernel-toolchain
1456 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1457 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1459 To test a kernel once
1460 ---------------------
1461 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1462 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1463 debugging information) run
1464 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1465 nextboot -k testkernel
1467 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1468 --------------------------------------------------------------
1469 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1470 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1471 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1473 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1474 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1475 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1480 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1482 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1483 -----------------------------------------------------------
1484 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1485 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1487 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1489 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1491 <reboot in single user> [3]
1499 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1500 --------------------------------------------------
1501 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1502 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1503 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1506 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1509 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1510 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1511 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1512 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1513 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1514 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1515 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1516 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1517 <reboot into current>
1518 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1519 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1523 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1524 ----------------------------------------------
1525 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1527 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1529 <reboot in single user> [3]
1536 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1537 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1538 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1539 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1540 the UPDATING entries.
1542 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1543 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1544 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1545 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1546 much fewer pitfalls.
1548 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1549 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1552 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1557 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1558 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1559 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1561 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1562 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1563 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1564 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1565 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1566 for potential gotchas.
1568 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1569 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1570 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1571 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1572 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1573 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1575 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1576 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1577 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1578 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1579 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1581 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1582 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1584 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1585 cvs prune empty directories.
1587 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1588 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1589 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1591 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1592 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1593 warn if it is improperly defined.
1596 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1597 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1598 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1599 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1601 Copyright information:
1603 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1605 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1606 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1607 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1609 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1610 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1611 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1612 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1613 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1614 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1615 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1616 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1617 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1618 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1619 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1621 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1624 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of