1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
31 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
32 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
33 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
37 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
38 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
39 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
40 list of modules to load on their systems.
43 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
44 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
45 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
46 audio/freebsd-13-mixer
49 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
50 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built
51 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
55 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
56 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
57 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
58 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
59 application-specific configuration option for applications
60 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
63 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
64 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
67 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
68 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
69 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
70 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
73 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
74 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
75 MTU on all member interfaces instead.
78 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
79 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
80 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
83 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
84 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
85 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
86 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
87 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
88 to update your sources past the above hash and do
91 % sudo -E make install
92 to enable building kernels again.
95 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
96 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not
97 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
100 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
101 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
104 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
105 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
107 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
110 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
111 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
112 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
113 additions and others.
116 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
117 renamed to "untrusted".
120 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
121 please install the svn package or port.
124 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
125 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
126 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
129 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
132 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
133 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
134 https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
135 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
136 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
137 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
138 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
141 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
142 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where
143 comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this.
146 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
147 libraries and utilities are packaged.
148 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
149 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
150 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
151 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
155 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
156 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules
157 need to be rebuilt from sources.
158 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
159 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
163 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
164 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
165 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
166 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
167 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
168 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
171 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
172 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
173 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
174 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
177 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
178 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
179 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
182 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
183 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003
187 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
188 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
189 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
190 since it was bumped so recently.
193 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
194 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
195 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
196 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
199 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
200 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
201 requires a clean build.
204 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
205 instructions can be found at
206 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
207 and other documents in that repo.
210 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
211 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
212 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
213 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
216 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
217 may be installed from ports or packages.
220 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
221 See ping(8) for details.
224 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
225 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
226 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
229 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
230 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
231 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
232 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
233 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
236 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
237 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
238 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
239 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
240 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
244 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
245 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
246 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
247 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
249 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
250 command you want to un-auger the tree is
253 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
254 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
257 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
258 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
259 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
260 unless you want to use new features.
262 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
263 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
264 rebuilding world may fail.
266 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
267 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
269 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
270 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
271 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
272 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
275 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
276 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
277 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
278 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
281 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
282 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
286 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
287 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
290 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
291 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
292 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
293 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
296 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
297 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
298 from sources, so a version bump was done.
301 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
302 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
303 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
304 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
307 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
308 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
309 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
310 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
311 continue to function.
313 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
314 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
315 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
316 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
319 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
320 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
321 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
322 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
323 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
324 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
325 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
328 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
329 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
332 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
333 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
334 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
337 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
338 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
339 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
340 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
342 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
343 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
344 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
345 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
349 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
350 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
351 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
352 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
355 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
356 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
359 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
360 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
361 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
362 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
363 be functional without closefrom(2).
366 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
367 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
368 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
369 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
370 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
371 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
374 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
375 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
376 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
377 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
380 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
381 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
382 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
385 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
388 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
389 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
390 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
393 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
394 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
397 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
398 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
399 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
403 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
404 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
408 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
409 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
410 together with their new kernel.
413 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
414 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
415 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
417 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
418 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
421 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
425 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
426 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
427 external toolchain package.
430 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
431 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
432 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
433 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
434 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
437 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
438 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
439 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
440 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
443 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
444 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
445 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
449 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
452 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
453 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
454 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
455 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
458 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
459 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
460 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
463 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
464 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
465 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
466 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
467 differences between those included in the port and those included in
468 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
469 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
470 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
473 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
474 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
478 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
479 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
480 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
481 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
482 add superio to the set.
485 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
486 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
489 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
490 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
491 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
492 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
493 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
494 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
495 completely in the future.
498 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
499 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
500 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
501 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
502 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
503 will be removed from the list.
506 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
507 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
508 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
509 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
512 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
513 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
514 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
515 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
518 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
519 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
520 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
521 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
524 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
525 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
526 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
529 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
530 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
531 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
532 your scripts, because they had no effect.
534 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
535 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
536 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
537 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
538 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
541 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
542 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
543 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
544 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
545 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
546 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
547 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
550 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
551 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
552 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
553 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
556 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
557 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
558 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
559 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
562 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
563 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
564 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
567 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
568 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
569 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
570 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
571 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
572 avoid running into the limit.
575 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
576 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
579 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
580 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
581 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
582 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
583 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
584 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
587 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
588 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
591 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
592 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
593 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
594 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
595 availability properties.
597 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
598 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
599 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
600 initial condition, if desired.
602 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
603 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
605 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
606 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
607 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
608 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
611 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
612 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
613 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
614 therefore unblocked).
617 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
618 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
619 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
620 is added to the command line.
621 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
622 not affected and should continue to work.
625 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
626 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
627 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
628 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
631 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
632 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
633 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
637 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
638 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
642 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
643 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
644 migrating to the drm ports.
647 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
648 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
649 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
650 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
651 is loaded automatically.
654 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
655 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
656 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
660 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
661 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
662 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
663 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
666 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
667 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
668 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
669 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
670 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
674 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
675 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
676 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
678 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
679 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
681 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
682 removed from the mips port.
685 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
686 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
687 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
691 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
692 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
695 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
696 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
697 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
698 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
701 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
702 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
703 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
706 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
707 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
708 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
712 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
713 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
714 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
716 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
717 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
718 being included using the command:
722 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
723 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
726 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
727 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
728 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
729 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
730 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
731 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
732 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
733 that as you will get better support.
735 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
736 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
737 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
738 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
740 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
741 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
742 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
743 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
747 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
748 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
749 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
750 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
751 be adjusted as necessary.
754 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
755 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
756 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
757 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
760 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
761 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
762 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
763 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
767 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
768 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
769 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
770 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
774 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
775 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
776 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
777 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
778 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
779 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
782 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
783 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
784 default since FreeBSD-11.
787 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
788 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
789 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
792 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
793 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
794 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
795 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
796 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
797 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
798 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
800 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
801 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
804 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
805 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
806 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
807 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
808 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
809 may not be observed in a future release.
812 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
813 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
817 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
818 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
819 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
820 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
823 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
824 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
825 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
826 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
830 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
831 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
832 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
835 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
836 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
837 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
838 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
839 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
842 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
843 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
844 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
845 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
846 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
847 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
850 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
851 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
852 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
856 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
857 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
858 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
861 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
862 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
863 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
864 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
865 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
866 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
867 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
868 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
869 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
870 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
874 Big endian arm support has been removed.
877 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
878 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
879 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
880 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
881 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
884 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
885 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
886 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
887 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
888 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
889 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
892 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
893 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
896 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
897 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
898 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
899 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
900 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
901 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
902 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
905 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
906 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
907 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
911 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
912 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
913 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
917 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
918 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
921 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
922 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
926 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
927 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
928 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
929 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
932 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
933 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
934 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
938 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
939 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
940 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
944 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
945 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
946 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
947 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
948 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
949 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
952 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
953 workaround is necessary.
956 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
957 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
958 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
959 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
962 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
963 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
964 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
965 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
966 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
969 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
970 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
971 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
972 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
975 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
976 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
977 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
981 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
982 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
986 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
987 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
991 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
992 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
993 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
994 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
995 microseconds and time zone offsets.
997 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
998 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
999 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1000 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1001 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1002 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1003 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1005 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1006 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1009 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1012 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1013 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1014 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1016 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1018 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1019 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1020 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1021 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1022 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1023 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1024 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1026 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1030 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1031 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1032 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1035 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1036 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1037 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1038 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1039 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1040 should be as simple as:
1042 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1043 $ make depend all install
1046 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1047 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1048 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1049 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1050 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1051 provisions for backup boot methods.
1054 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1055 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1056 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1060 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1061 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1062 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1066 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1067 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1068 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1070 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1071 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1074 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1075 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1076 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1077 remove it from kernel config files.
1080 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1081 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1082 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1084 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1085 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1088 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1089 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1090 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1091 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1094 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1095 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1098 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1099 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1100 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1101 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1104 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1105 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1106 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1107 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1108 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1109 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1112 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1113 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1114 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1117 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1118 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1119 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1120 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1121 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1124 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1125 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1126 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1127 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1128 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1132 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1133 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1134 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1135 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1136 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1137 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1138 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1139 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1140 than hardcoding paths.
1143 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1144 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1145 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1148 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1149 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1150 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1151 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1154 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1155 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1158 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1159 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1160 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1161 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1164 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1165 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1166 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1167 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1168 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1171 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1172 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1173 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1174 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1178 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1179 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1180 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1181 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1182 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1185 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1186 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1189 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1190 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1194 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1195 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1199 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1200 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1201 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1202 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1204 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1205 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1206 sandbox if successful.
1208 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1209 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1210 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1211 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1212 an unprivileged user.
1215 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1216 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1217 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1218 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1219 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1220 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1221 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1222 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1223 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1224 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1225 to which you should answer yes.
1228 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1229 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1230 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1231 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1232 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1235 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1236 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1237 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1240 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1241 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1244 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1245 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1246 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1247 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1248 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1249 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1250 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1253 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1254 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1255 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1256 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1257 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1258 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1261 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1262 if you require the GPL compiler.
1265 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1266 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1267 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1270 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1271 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1272 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1276 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1277 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1278 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1279 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1280 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1281 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1284 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1285 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1286 which only require one chipset support.
1288 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1292 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1293 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1294 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1296 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1297 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1300 * load the chip modules in question
1301 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1303 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1304 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1306 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1309 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1310 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1311 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1313 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1314 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1315 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1317 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1318 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1319 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1320 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1321 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1322 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1323 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1324 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1327 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1328 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1329 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1332 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1333 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1334 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1337 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1338 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1339 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1340 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1341 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1342 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1343 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1346 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1347 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1348 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1349 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1352 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1353 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1354 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1357 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1358 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1359 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1362 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1363 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1365 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1366 via one of the following methods:
1367 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1368 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1369 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1370 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1372 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1375 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1376 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1377 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1378 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1382 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1383 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1384 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1385 be prefixed with colon.
1388 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1389 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1390 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1393 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1394 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1395 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1398 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1399 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1400 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1404 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1408 MCA bus support has been removed.
1411 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1412 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1415 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1416 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1419 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1420 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1421 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1425 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1426 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1427 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1430 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1431 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1432 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1435 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1436 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1437 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1440 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1441 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1442 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1443 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1446 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1447 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1449 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1450 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1453 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1454 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1455 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1459 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1460 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1461 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1464 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1465 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1468 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1469 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1470 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1471 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1474 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1475 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1476 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1477 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1478 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1481 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1484 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1485 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1486 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1487 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1490 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1491 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1492 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1496 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1497 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1498 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1499 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1500 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1504 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1505 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1508 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1511 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1512 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1513 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1514 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1515 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1516 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1520 CAM now strips the leading spaces from each SCSI disk's serial number.
1521 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1522 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1523 previously contained a line like
1524 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1525 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1526 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1530 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1531 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1532 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1533 built with the old headers.
1536 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1537 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1538 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1539 installing a new libc.
1542 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1543 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1544 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1545 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1546 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1547 packages will be needed.
1549 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1550 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1551 and the install steps.
1554 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1555 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1556 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1557 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1558 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1559 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1562 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1563 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1564 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1565 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1566 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1568 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1569 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1570 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1571 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1572 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1574 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1575 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1576 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1577 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1578 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1579 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1582 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1583 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1584 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1585 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1586 quirks entry to 0x3.
1589 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1590 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1591 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1594 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1595 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1598 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1599 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1600 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1601 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1602 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1603 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1604 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1605 stale .depend files.
1608 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1609 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1610 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1614 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1615 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1616 make -C sys/boot install
1617 <reboot in single user>
1619 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1623 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1624 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1625 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1628 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1629 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1630 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1631 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1632 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1633 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1636 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1637 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1638 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1639 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1640 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1643 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1644 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1645 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1646 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1647 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1650 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1651 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1654 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1655 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1656 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1659 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1660 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1661 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1665 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1666 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1667 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1668 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1669 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1670 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1673 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1674 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1675 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1676 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1680 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1681 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1682 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1685 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1686 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1687 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1689 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1690 collation results will be different.
1692 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1693 locales before running make installworld.
1695 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1698 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1699 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1702 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1703 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1704 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1707 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1708 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1709 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1710 and 'make -N' will not.
1713 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1714 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1715 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1716 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1717 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1718 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1719 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1720 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1723 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1724 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1725 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1726 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1729 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1730 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1731 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1734 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1735 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1736 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1737 userland debug files.
1739 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1740 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1741 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1743 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1744 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1747 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1748 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1749 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1750 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1751 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1752 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1755 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1756 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1757 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1760 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1761 them, the kernel must have
1764 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1766 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1767 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1768 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1769 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1771 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1772 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1775 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1776 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1777 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1780 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1781 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1782 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1783 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1785 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1786 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1787 difference with this change.
1789 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1790 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1791 remove that workaround.
1794 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1795 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1796 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1799 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1802 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1803 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1804 loader.rc.local instead.
1807 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1808 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1809 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1812 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1813 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1814 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1816 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1817 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1820 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1821 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1822 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1823 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1824 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1825 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1826 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1827 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1828 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1829 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1830 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1831 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1834 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1835 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1837 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1838 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1839 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1841 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1842 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1844 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1845 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1846 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1848 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1849 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1850 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1851 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1853 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1854 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1855 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1856 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1858 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1859 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1860 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1861 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1862 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1863 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1864 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1865 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1869 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1870 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1873 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1874 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1877 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1878 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1879 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1880 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1881 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1884 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1885 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1886 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1887 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1890 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1891 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1892 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1893 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1894 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1895 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1896 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1898 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1899 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1900 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1901 replace it with '2'.
1902 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1903 a file path, create a new file with:
1904 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1905 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1906 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1907 5. Restart sendmail:
1908 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1910 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1914 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1915 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1916 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1917 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1920 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1923 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1924 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1925 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1928 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1929 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1932 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1933 same but content is different now
1934 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1935 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1936 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1937 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1938 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1941 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1942 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1943 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1946 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1947 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1950 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1951 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1954 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1955 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1956 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1959 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1960 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1961 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1962 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1965 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1966 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1967 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1970 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1971 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1972 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1973 kernel before rebooting.
1976 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1977 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1978 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1979 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1980 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1981 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1984 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1985 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1986 with the new kernel.
1989 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1990 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1991 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1994 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1995 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1996 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1997 are not already using 3.5.0.
2000 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2001 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2002 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2003 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2004 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2007 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2008 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
2009 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2010 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2013 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2014 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2017 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2019 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2020 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2021 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2022 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2023 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2024 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2027 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2028 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2031 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2032 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2033 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2034 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2036 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2037 the instructions for 9.x above.
2039 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2040 default, and do not build clang.
2042 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2043 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2044 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2046 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2047 the following are most likely to appear:
2051 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2052 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2053 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2054 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2055 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2056 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2057 cast, or disable the warning.
2059 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2060 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2061 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2062 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2065 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2066 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2068 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2069 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2070 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2071 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2073 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2074 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2075 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2076 unreachable could be optimized away.
2079 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2080 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2081 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2082 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2083 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2084 the utilities will report errors.
2087 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2088 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2089 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2090 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2091 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2095 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2096 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2099 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2100 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2101 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2104 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2105 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2106 indicate what you need to do.
2108 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2109 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2110 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2112 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2113 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2117 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2118 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2122 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2123 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2127 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2131 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2132 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2133 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2134 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2135 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2136 their next update cycle.
2139 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2140 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2141 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2142 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2146 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2147 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2150 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2151 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2152 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2153 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2154 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2158 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2159 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2161 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2164 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2165 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2166 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2167 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2171 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2172 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2176 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2177 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2178 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2179 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2180 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2183 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2184 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2185 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2188 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2189 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2190 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2193 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2194 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2195 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2196 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2197 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2198 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2199 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2200 "make installworld".
2202 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2203 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2204 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2207 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2208 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2209 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2210 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2211 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2214 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2217 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2218 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2222 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2223 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2224 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2225 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2226 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2227 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2228 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2229 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2230 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2231 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2232 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2233 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2235 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2236 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2237 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2241 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2242 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2245 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2246 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2247 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2248 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2249 build hosts for older releases.
2251 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2252 r276991, respectively.
2255 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2256 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2257 will silently lack HESIOD.
2260 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2261 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2262 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2263 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2264 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2265 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2266 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2267 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2268 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2269 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2270 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2271 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2274 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2275 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2276 with command line option -W.
2279 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2280 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2281 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2282 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2283 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2286 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2289 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2290 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2293 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2294 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2295 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2296 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2297 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2300 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2301 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2302 kernel is still highly recommended.
2305 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2306 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2307 capability mode support in kernel.
2310 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2311 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2312 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2313 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2314 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2317 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2318 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2319 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2320 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2321 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2322 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2325 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2326 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2327 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2328 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2329 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2330 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2331 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2332 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2333 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2336 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2337 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2338 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2339 should change your settings to use the latter.
2342 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2343 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2344 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2345 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2346 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2349 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2350 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2351 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2353 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2355 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2358 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2365 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2366 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2367 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2368 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2369 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2370 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2371 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2372 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2374 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2375 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2376 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2377 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2378 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2379 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2380 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2381 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2384 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2385 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2386 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2387 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2390 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2391 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2392 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2393 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2395 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2396 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2397 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2398 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2399 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2400 should write them with this in mind.
2404 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2407 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2408 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2410 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2412 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2413 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2414 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2415 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2418 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2422 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2423 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2424 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2426 make kernel-toolchain
2427 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2428 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2430 To test a kernel once
2431 ---------------------
2432 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2433 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2434 debugging information) run
2435 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2436 nextboot -k testkernel
2438 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2439 -----------------------------------------------------------
2440 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2441 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2443 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2445 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2446 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2448 <reboot in single user> [3]
2455 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2456 --------------------------------------------------
2457 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2458 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2459 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2462 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2465 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2466 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2467 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2468 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2469 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2470 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2471 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2472 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2473 <reboot into current>
2474 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2475 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2479 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2480 ----------------------------------------------
2481 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2483 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2484 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2486 <reboot in single user> [3]
2493 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2494 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2495 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2496 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2497 the UPDATING entries.
2499 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2500 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2501 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2502 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2503 much fewer pitfalls.
2505 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2506 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2507 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2508 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2509 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2510 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2511 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2512 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2514 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2516 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2520 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2521 cd src # full path to source
2522 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2523 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2524 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2526 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2527 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2528 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2529 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2530 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2531 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2532 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2534 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2535 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2536 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2537 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2538 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2539 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2541 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2542 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2543 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2545 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2546 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2547 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2548 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2549 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2550 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2551 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2552 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2554 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2555 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2556 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2559 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2560 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2561 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2563 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2564 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2565 warn if it is improperly defined.
2568 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2569 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2570 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2571 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2572 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2574 Copyright information:
2576 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2578 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2579 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2580 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2582 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2583 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2584 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2585 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2586 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2587 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2588 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2589 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2590 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2591 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2592 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2594 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of