1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
16 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
17 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
18 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
21 12.3-RELEASE-p10 FreeBSD-SA-22:15.ping
22 FreeBSD-EN-22:28.heimdal
24 Stack overflow in ping [SA-22:15.ping]
26 Regression in Heimdal KDC [EN-22:28.heimdal]
29 12.3-RELEASE-p9 FreeBSD-SA-22:14.heimdal
31 Multiple vulnerabilities in Heimdal [SA-22:14.heimdal]
34 12.3-RELEASE-p8 FreeBSD-EN-22:22.tzdata
36 Timezone database information update [EN-22:20.tzdata]
39 12.3-RELEASE-p7 FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib
40 FreeBSD-EN-22:20.tzdata
42 zlib heap buffer overflow [SA-22:13.zlib]
44 Timezone database information update [EN-22:20.tzdata]
47 12.3-RELEASE-p6 FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf
52 Out of bounds read in elf_note_prpsinfo() [SA-22:09.elf]
54 AIO credential reference count leak [SA-22:10.aio]
56 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-22:11.vm]
58 Kernel memory corruption during SCSI error recovery [EN-22:17.cam]
61 12.3-RELEASE-p5 FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap
62 FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve
63 FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl
64 FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid
67 Potential jail escape vulnerabilities in netmap [SA-22:04.netmap]
69 Bhyve e82545 device emulation out-of-bounds write [SA-22:05.bhyve]
71 mpr/mps/mpt driver ioctl heap out-of-bounds write [SA-22:06.ioctl]
73 802.11 heap buffer overflow [SA-22:07.wifi_meshid]
75 zlib compression out-of-bounds write [SA-22:08.zlib]
78 12.3-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata
80 Timezone database information update. [EN-22:14.tzdata]
83 12.3-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update
85 FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl
87 freebsd-update creating erroneous boot environments [FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update]
89 Multiple WiFi issues [FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi]
91 OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop [FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl]
94 12.3-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
96 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
99 12.3-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
100 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
101 FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid
102 FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias
105 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
107 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
109 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
111 Fix fragmented UDP packets handling [FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias]
113 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
119 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
120 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
121 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
122 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
125 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
126 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
127 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
128 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
129 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
130 to update your sources past the above hash and do
133 % sudo -E make install
134 to enable building kernels again.
137 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
138 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
141 Commit 6ae32cc8182f changed the internal KAPI between the krpc and
142 nfsd modules. As such, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
143 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1202508.
146 Commit e9959506d2cc changed the internal KAPI between the
147 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
148 rebuilt from sources.
151 Commit 0a1fdb867c72 changed the internal KAPI between
152 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
153 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
154 Without this patch, NFSv4.1 mounts should not
155 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
156 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
159 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
160 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
161 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
163 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
164 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
165 for improved performance.
167 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
168 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
171 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
172 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
173 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
174 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
177 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
178 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
179 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
180 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
183 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
184 re-enable it for the entire system with the
185 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
187 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
188 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
189 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
190 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
193 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
194 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
195 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
196 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
197 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
198 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
201 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
202 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
203 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
204 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
207 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
208 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
209 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
210 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
211 differences between those included in the port and those included in
212 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
213 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
214 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
217 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
218 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
219 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
220 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
223 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
224 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
225 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
226 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
227 add superio to the set.
230 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
231 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
232 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
233 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
234 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
235 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
238 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
239 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
240 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
241 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
244 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
245 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
246 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
247 your scripts, because they had no effect.
249 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
250 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
251 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
252 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
253 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
256 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
257 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
258 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
259 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
262 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
263 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
264 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
265 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
266 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
267 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
268 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
271 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
272 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
273 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
274 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
277 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
278 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
279 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
282 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
283 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
284 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
288 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
289 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
290 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
293 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
294 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
295 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
299 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
300 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
304 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
305 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
306 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
307 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
308 is loaded automatically.
311 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
312 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
313 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
314 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
315 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
319 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
320 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
321 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
322 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
325 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
326 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
327 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
328 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
332 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
336 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
337 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
340 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
341 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
342 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
343 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
344 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
345 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
346 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
347 that as you will get better support.
349 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
350 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
351 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
352 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
354 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
355 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
356 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
357 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
361 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
362 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
363 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
364 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
365 be adjusted as necessary.
368 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
369 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
370 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
371 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
374 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
375 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
376 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
377 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
381 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
382 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
383 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
384 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
388 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
389 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
390 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
391 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
392 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
393 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
396 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
397 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
398 default since FreeBSD-11.
401 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
402 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
403 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
406 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
407 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
408 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
409 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
410 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
411 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
412 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
414 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
415 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
418 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
419 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
420 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
421 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
422 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
423 may not be observed in a future release.
426 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
427 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
431 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
432 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
433 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
434 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
437 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
438 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
439 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
440 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
444 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
445 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
446 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
449 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
450 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
451 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
452 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
453 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
456 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
457 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
458 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
459 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
460 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
461 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
464 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
465 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
466 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
470 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
471 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
472 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
475 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
476 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
477 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
478 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
479 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
480 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
481 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
482 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
483 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
484 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
488 Big endian arm support has been removed.
491 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
492 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
493 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
494 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
495 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
498 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
499 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
500 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
501 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
502 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
503 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
506 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
507 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
510 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
511 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
512 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
513 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
514 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
515 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
516 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
519 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
520 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
521 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
525 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
526 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
527 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
530 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
531 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
534 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
535 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
539 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
540 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
541 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
542 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
545 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
546 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
547 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
551 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
552 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
553 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
557 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
558 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
559 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
560 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
561 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
562 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
565 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
566 workaround is necessary.
569 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
570 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
571 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
572 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
575 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
576 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
577 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
578 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
579 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
582 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
583 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
584 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
585 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
588 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
589 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
590 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
594 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
595 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
599 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
600 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
604 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
605 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
606 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
607 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
608 microseconds and time zone offsets.
610 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
611 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
612 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
613 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
614 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
615 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
616 adjustments, depending on the software used.
618 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
619 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
622 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
625 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
626 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
627 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
629 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
631 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
632 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
633 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
634 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
635 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
636 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
637 thus expected to continue to function as before.
639 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
643 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
644 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
645 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
648 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
649 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
650 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
651 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
652 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
653 should be as simple as:
655 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
656 $ make depend all install
659 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
660 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
661 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
662 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
663 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
664 provisions for backup boot methods.
667 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
668 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
669 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
672 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
673 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
674 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
678 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
679 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
680 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
682 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
683 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
686 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
687 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
688 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
689 from kernel config files.
692 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
693 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
694 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
696 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
697 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
700 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
701 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
702 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
703 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
706 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
707 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
710 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
711 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
712 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
713 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
716 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
717 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
718 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
719 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
720 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
721 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
724 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
725 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
726 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
729 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
730 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
731 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
732 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
733 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
736 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
737 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
738 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
739 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
740 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
744 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
745 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
746 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
747 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
748 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
749 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
750 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
751 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
752 than hardcoding paths.
755 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
756 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
757 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
760 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
761 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
762 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
763 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
766 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
767 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
770 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
771 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
772 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
773 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
776 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
777 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
778 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
779 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
780 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
783 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
784 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
785 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
786 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
790 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
791 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
792 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
793 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
794 soft-float everything else should be affected.
797 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
798 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
801 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
802 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
806 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
807 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
811 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
812 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
813 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
814 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
816 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
817 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
818 sandbox if successful.
820 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
821 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
822 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
823 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
824 an unprivileged user.
827 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
828 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
829 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
830 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
831 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
832 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
833 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
834 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
835 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
836 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
837 to which you should answer yes.
840 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
841 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
842 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
843 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
844 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
847 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
848 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
849 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
852 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
853 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
856 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
857 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
858 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
859 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
860 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
861 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
862 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
865 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
866 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
867 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
868 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
869 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
870 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
873 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
874 if you require the GPL compiler.
877 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
878 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
879 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
882 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
883 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
884 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
888 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
889 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
890 from ports (and recommends to install it).
891 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
892 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
893 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
896 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
897 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
898 which only require one chipset support.
900 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
904 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
905 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
906 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
908 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
909 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
912 * load the chip modules in question
913 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
915 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
916 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
918 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
921 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
922 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
923 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
925 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
926 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
927 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
929 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
930 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
931 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
932 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
933 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
937 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
938 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
939 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
942 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
943 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
944 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
947 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
948 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
949 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
950 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
951 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
952 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
953 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
956 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
957 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
958 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
959 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
962 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
963 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
964 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
967 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
968 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
969 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
972 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
973 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
975 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
976 via one of the following methods:
977 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
978 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
979 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
980 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
982 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
985 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
986 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
987 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
988 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
992 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
993 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
994 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
995 be prefixed with colon.
998 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
999 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1000 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1003 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1004 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1005 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1008 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1009 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1010 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1014 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1018 MCA bus support has been removed.
1021 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1022 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1025 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1026 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1029 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1030 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1031 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1034 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1035 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1036 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1039 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1040 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1041 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1044 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1045 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1046 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1049 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1050 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1051 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1052 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1055 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1056 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1058 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1059 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1062 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1063 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1064 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1068 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1069 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1070 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1073 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1074 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1077 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1078 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1079 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1080 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1083 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1084 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1085 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1086 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1087 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1090 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1093 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1094 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1095 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1096 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1099 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1100 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1101 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1105 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1106 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1107 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1108 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1109 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1113 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1114 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1117 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1120 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1121 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1122 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1123 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1124 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1125 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1129 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1130 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1131 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1132 previously contained a line like
1133 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1134 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1135 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1139 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1140 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1141 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1142 built with the old headers.
1145 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1146 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1147 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1148 installing a new libc.
1151 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1152 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1153 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1154 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1155 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1156 packages will be needed.
1158 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1159 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1160 and the install steps.
1163 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1164 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1165 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1166 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1167 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1168 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1171 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1172 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1173 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1174 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1175 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1177 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1178 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1179 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1180 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1181 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1183 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1184 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1185 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1186 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1187 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1188 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1191 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1192 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1193 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1194 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1195 quirks entry to 0x3.
1198 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1199 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1200 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1203 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1204 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1207 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1208 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1209 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1210 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1211 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1212 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1213 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1214 stale .depend files.
1217 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1218 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1219 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1223 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1224 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1225 make -C sys/boot install
1226 <reboot in single user>
1228 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1232 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1233 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1234 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1237 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1238 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1239 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1240 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1241 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1242 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1245 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1246 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1247 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1248 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1249 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1252 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1253 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1254 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1255 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1256 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1259 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1260 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1263 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1264 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1265 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1268 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1269 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1270 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1274 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1275 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1276 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1277 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1278 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1279 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1282 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1283 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1284 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1285 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1289 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1290 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1291 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1294 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1295 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1296 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1298 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1299 collation results will be different.
1301 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1302 locales before running make installworld.
1304 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1307 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1308 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1311 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1312 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1313 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1316 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1317 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1318 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1319 and 'make -N' will not.
1322 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1323 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1324 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1325 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1326 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1327 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1328 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1329 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1332 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1333 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1334 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1335 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1338 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1339 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1340 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1343 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1344 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1345 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1346 userland debug files.
1348 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1349 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1350 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1352 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1353 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1356 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1357 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1358 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1359 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1360 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1361 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1364 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1365 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1366 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1369 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1370 them, the kernel must have
1373 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1375 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1376 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1377 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1378 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1380 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1381 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1384 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1385 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1386 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1389 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1390 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1391 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1392 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1394 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1395 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1396 difference with this change.
1398 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1399 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1400 remove that workaround.
1403 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1404 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1405 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1408 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1411 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1412 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1413 loader.rc.local instead.
1416 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1417 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1418 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1421 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1422 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1423 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1425 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1426 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1429 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1430 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1431 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1432 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1433 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1434 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1435 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1436 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1437 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1438 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1439 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1440 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1443 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1444 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1446 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1447 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1448 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1450 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1451 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1453 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1454 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1455 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1457 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1458 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1459 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1460 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1462 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1463 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1464 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1465 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1467 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1468 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1469 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1470 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1471 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1472 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1473 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1474 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1478 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1479 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1482 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1483 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1486 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1487 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1488 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1489 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1490 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1493 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1494 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1495 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1496 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1499 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1500 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1501 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1502 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1503 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1504 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1505 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1507 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1508 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1509 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1510 replace it with '2'.
1511 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1512 a file path, create a new file with:
1513 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1514 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1515 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1516 5. Restart sendmail:
1517 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1519 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1523 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1524 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1525 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1526 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1529 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1532 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1533 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1534 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1537 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1538 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1541 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1542 same but content is different now
1543 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1544 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1545 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1546 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1547 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1550 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1551 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1552 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1555 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1556 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1559 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1560 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1563 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1564 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1565 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1568 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1569 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1570 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1571 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1574 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1575 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1576 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1579 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1580 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1581 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1582 kernel before rebooting.
1585 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1586 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1587 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1588 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1589 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1590 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1593 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1594 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1595 with the new kernel.
1598 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1599 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1600 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1603 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1604 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1605 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1606 are not already using 3.5.0.
1609 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1610 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1611 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1612 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1613 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1616 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1617 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1618 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1619 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1622 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1623 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1626 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1628 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1629 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1630 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1631 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1632 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1633 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1636 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1637 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1640 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1641 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1642 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1643 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1645 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1646 the instructions for 9.x above.
1648 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1649 default, and do not build clang.
1651 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1652 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1653 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1655 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1656 the following are most likely to appear:
1660 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1661 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1662 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1663 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1664 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1665 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1666 cast, or disable the warning.
1668 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1669 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1670 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1671 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1674 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1675 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1677 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1678 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1679 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1680 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1682 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1683 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1684 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1685 unreachable could be optimized away.
1688 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1689 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1690 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1691 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1692 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1693 the utilities will report errors.
1696 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1697 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1698 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1699 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1700 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1704 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1705 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1708 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1709 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1710 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1713 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1714 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1715 indicate what you need to do.
1717 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1718 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1719 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1721 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1722 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1726 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1727 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1731 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1732 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1736 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1740 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1741 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1742 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1743 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1744 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1745 their next update cycle.
1748 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1749 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1750 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1751 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1755 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1756 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1759 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1760 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1761 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1762 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1763 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1767 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1768 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1770 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1773 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1774 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1775 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1776 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1780 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1781 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1785 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1786 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1787 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1788 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1789 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1792 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1793 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1794 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1797 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1798 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1799 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1802 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1803 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1804 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1805 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1806 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1807 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1808 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1809 "make installworld".
1811 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1812 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1813 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1816 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1817 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1818 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1819 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1820 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1823 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1826 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1827 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1831 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1832 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1833 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1834 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1835 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1836 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1837 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1838 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1839 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1840 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1841 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1842 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1844 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1845 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1846 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1850 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1851 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1854 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1855 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1856 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1857 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1858 build hosts for older releases.
1860 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1861 r276991, respectively.
1864 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1865 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1866 will silently lack HESIOD.
1869 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1870 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1871 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1872 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1873 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1874 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1875 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1876 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1877 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1878 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1879 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1880 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1883 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1884 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1885 with command line option -W.
1888 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1889 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1890 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1891 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1892 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1895 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1898 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1899 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1902 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1903 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1904 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1905 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1906 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1909 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1910 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1911 kernel is still highly recommended.
1914 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1915 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1916 capability mode support in kernel.
1919 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1920 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1921 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1922 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1923 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1926 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1927 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1928 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1929 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1930 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1931 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1934 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1935 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1936 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1937 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1938 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1939 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1940 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1941 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1942 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1945 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1946 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1947 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1948 should change your settings to use the latter.
1951 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1952 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1953 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1954 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1955 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1958 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1959 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1960 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1962 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1964 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1967 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1974 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1975 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1976 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1977 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1978 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1979 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1980 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1982 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1983 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1984 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1985 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1986 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1988 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1989 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1990 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1991 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1992 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1993 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1994 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1995 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1998 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1999 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2000 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2001 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2003 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2004 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2005 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2006 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2007 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2008 should write them with this in mind.
2012 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2015 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2016 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2018 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2020 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2021 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2022 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2024 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2028 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2029 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2030 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2032 make kernel-toolchain
2033 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2034 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2036 To test a kernel once
2037 ---------------------
2038 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2039 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2040 debugging information) run
2041 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2042 nextboot -k testkernel
2044 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2045 -----------------------------------------------------------
2046 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2047 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2049 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2051 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2052 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2054 <reboot in single user> [3]
2061 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2062 --------------------------------------------------
2063 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2064 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2065 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2068 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2071 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2072 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2073 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2074 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2075 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2076 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2077 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2078 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2079 <reboot into current>
2080 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2081 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2085 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2086 ----------------------------------------------
2087 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2089 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2090 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2092 <reboot in single user> [3]
2099 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2100 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2101 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2102 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2103 the UPDATING entries.
2105 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2106 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2107 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2108 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2109 much fewer pitfalls.
2111 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2112 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2115 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2120 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2121 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2122 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2124 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2125 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2126 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2127 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2128 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2129 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2130 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2132 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2133 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2134 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2135 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2136 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2137 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2139 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2140 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2141 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2143 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2144 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2145 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2146 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2147 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2148 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2149 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2151 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2152 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2154 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2155 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2156 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2158 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2159 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2160 warn if it is improperly defined.
2163 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2164 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2165 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2166 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2167 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2169 Copyright information:
2171 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2173 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2174 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2175 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2177 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2178 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2179 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2180 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2181 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2182 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2183 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2184 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2185 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2186 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2187 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2189 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of