1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
31 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
32 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
33 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
36 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use
37 the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
42 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
43 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
44 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
48 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
49 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
50 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
51 list of modules to load on their systems.
54 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
55 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
56 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
57 audio/freebsd-13-mixer
60 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
61 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built
62 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
66 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
67 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
68 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
69 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
70 application-specific configuration option for applications
71 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
74 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
75 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
78 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
79 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
80 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
81 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
84 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
85 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
86 MTU on all member interfaces instead.
89 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
90 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
91 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
94 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
95 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
96 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
97 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
98 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
99 to update your sources past the above hash and do
102 % sudo -E make install
103 to enable building kernels again.
106 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
107 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not
108 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
111 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
112 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
115 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
116 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
118 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
121 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
122 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
123 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
124 additions and others.
127 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
128 renamed to "untrusted".
131 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
132 please install the svn package or port.
135 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
136 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
137 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
140 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
143 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
144 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
145 https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
146 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
147 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
148 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
149 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
152 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
153 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where
154 comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this.
157 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
158 libraries and utilities are packaged.
159 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
160 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
161 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
162 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
166 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
167 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules
168 need to be rebuilt from sources.
169 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
170 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
174 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
175 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
176 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
177 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
178 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
179 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
182 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
183 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
184 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
185 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
188 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
189 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
190 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
193 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
194 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003
198 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
199 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
200 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
201 since it was bumped so recently.
204 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
205 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
206 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
207 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
210 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
211 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
212 requires a clean build.
215 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
216 instructions can be found at
217 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
218 and other documents in that repo.
221 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
222 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
223 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
224 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
227 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
228 may be installed from ports or packages.
231 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
232 See ping(8) for details.
235 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
236 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
237 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
240 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
241 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
242 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
243 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
244 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
247 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
248 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
249 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
250 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
251 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
255 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
256 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
257 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
258 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
260 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
261 command you want to un-auger the tree is
264 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
265 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
268 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
269 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
270 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
271 unless you want to use new features.
273 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
274 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
275 rebuilding world may fail.
277 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
278 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
280 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
281 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
282 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
283 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
286 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
287 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
288 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
289 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
292 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
293 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
297 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
298 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
301 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
302 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
303 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
304 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
307 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
308 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
309 from sources, so a version bump was done.
312 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
313 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
314 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
315 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
318 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
319 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
320 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
321 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
322 continue to function.
324 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
325 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
326 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
327 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
330 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
331 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
332 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
333 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
334 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
335 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
336 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
339 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
340 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
343 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
344 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
345 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
348 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
349 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
350 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
351 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
353 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
354 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
355 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
356 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
360 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
361 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
362 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
363 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
366 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
367 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
370 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
371 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
372 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
373 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
374 be functional without closefrom(2).
377 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
378 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
379 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
380 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
381 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
382 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
385 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
386 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
387 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
388 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
391 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
392 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
393 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
396 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
399 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
400 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
401 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
404 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
405 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
408 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
409 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
410 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
414 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
415 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
419 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
420 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
421 together with their new kernel.
424 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
425 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
426 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
428 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
429 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
432 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
436 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
437 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
438 external toolchain package.
441 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
442 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
443 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
444 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
445 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
448 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
449 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
450 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
451 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
454 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
455 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
456 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
460 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
463 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
464 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
465 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
466 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
469 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
470 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
471 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
474 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
475 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
476 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
477 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
478 differences between those included in the port and those included in
479 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
480 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
481 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
484 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
485 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
489 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
490 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
491 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
492 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
493 add superio to the set.
496 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
497 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
500 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
501 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
502 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
503 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
504 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
505 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
506 completely in the future.
509 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
510 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
511 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
512 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
513 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
514 will be removed from the list.
517 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
518 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
519 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
520 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
523 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
524 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
525 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
526 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
529 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
530 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
531 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
532 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
535 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
536 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
537 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
540 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
541 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
542 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
543 your scripts, because they had no effect.
545 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
546 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
547 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
548 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
549 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
552 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
553 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
554 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
555 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
556 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
557 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
558 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
561 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
562 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
563 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
564 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
567 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
568 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
569 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
570 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
573 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
574 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
575 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
578 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
579 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
580 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
581 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
582 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
583 avoid running into the limit.
586 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
587 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
590 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
591 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
592 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
593 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
594 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
595 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
598 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
599 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
602 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
603 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
604 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
605 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
606 availability properties.
608 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
609 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
610 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
611 initial condition, if desired.
613 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
614 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
616 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
617 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
618 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
619 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
622 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
623 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
624 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
625 therefore unblocked).
628 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
629 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
630 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
631 is added to the command line.
632 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
633 not affected and should continue to work.
636 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
637 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
638 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
639 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
642 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
643 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
644 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
648 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
649 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
653 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
654 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
655 migrating to the drm ports.
658 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
659 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
660 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
661 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
662 is loaded automatically.
665 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
666 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
667 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
671 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
672 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
673 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
674 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
677 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
678 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
679 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
680 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
681 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
685 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
686 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
687 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
689 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
690 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
692 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
693 removed from the mips port.
696 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
697 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
698 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
702 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
703 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
706 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
707 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
708 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
709 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
712 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
713 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
714 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
717 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
718 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
719 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
723 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
724 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
725 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
727 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
728 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
729 being included using the command:
733 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
734 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
737 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
738 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
739 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
740 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
741 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
742 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
743 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
744 that as you will get better support.
746 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
747 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
748 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
749 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
751 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
752 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
753 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
754 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
758 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
759 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
760 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
761 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
762 be adjusted as necessary.
765 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
766 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
767 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
768 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
771 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
772 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
773 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
774 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
778 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
779 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
780 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
781 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
785 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
786 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
787 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
788 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
789 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
790 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
793 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
794 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
795 default since FreeBSD-11.
798 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
799 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
800 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
803 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
804 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
805 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
806 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
807 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
808 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
809 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
811 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
812 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
815 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
816 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
817 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
818 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
819 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
820 may not be observed in a future release.
823 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
824 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
828 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
829 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
830 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
831 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
834 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
835 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
836 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
837 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
841 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
842 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
843 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
846 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
847 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
848 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
849 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
850 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
853 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
854 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
855 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
856 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
857 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
858 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
861 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
862 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
863 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
867 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
868 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
869 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
872 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
873 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
874 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
875 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
876 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
877 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
878 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
879 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
880 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
881 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
885 Big endian arm support has been removed.
888 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
889 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
890 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
891 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
892 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
895 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
896 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
897 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
898 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
899 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
900 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
903 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
904 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
907 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
908 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
909 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
910 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
911 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
912 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
913 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
916 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
917 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
918 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
922 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
923 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
924 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
928 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
929 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
932 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
933 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
937 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
938 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
939 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
940 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
943 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
944 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
945 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
949 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
950 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
951 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
955 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
956 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
957 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
958 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
959 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
960 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
963 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
964 workaround is necessary.
967 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
968 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
969 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
970 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
973 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
974 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
975 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
976 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
977 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
980 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
981 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
982 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
983 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
986 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
987 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
988 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
992 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
993 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
997 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
998 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1002 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1003 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1004 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1005 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1006 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1008 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1009 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1010 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1011 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1012 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1013 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1014 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1016 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1017 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1020 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1023 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1024 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1025 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1027 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1029 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1030 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1031 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1032 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1033 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1034 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1035 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1037 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1041 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1042 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1043 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1046 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1047 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1048 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1049 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1050 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1051 should be as simple as:
1053 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1054 $ make depend all install
1057 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1058 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1059 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1060 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1061 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1062 provisions for backup boot methods.
1065 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1066 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1067 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1071 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1072 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1073 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1077 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1078 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1079 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1081 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1082 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1085 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1086 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1087 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1088 remove it from kernel config files.
1091 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1092 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1093 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1095 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1096 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1099 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1100 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1101 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1102 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1105 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1106 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1109 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1110 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1111 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1112 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1115 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1116 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1117 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1118 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1119 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1120 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1123 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1124 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1125 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1128 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1129 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1130 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1131 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1132 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1135 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1136 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1137 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1138 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1139 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1143 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1144 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1145 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1146 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1147 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1148 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1149 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1150 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1151 than hardcoding paths.
1154 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1155 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1156 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1159 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1160 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1161 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1162 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1165 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1166 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1169 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1170 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1171 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1172 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1175 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1176 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1177 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1178 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1179 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1182 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1183 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1184 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1185 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1189 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1190 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1191 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1192 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1193 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1196 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1197 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1200 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1201 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1205 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1206 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1210 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1211 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1212 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1213 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1215 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1216 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1217 sandbox if successful.
1219 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1220 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1221 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1222 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1223 an unprivileged user.
1226 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1227 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1228 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1229 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1230 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1231 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1232 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1233 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1234 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1235 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1236 to which you should answer yes.
1239 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1240 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1241 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1242 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1243 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1246 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1247 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1248 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1251 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1252 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1255 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1256 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1257 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1258 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1259 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1260 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1261 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1264 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1265 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1266 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1267 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1268 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1269 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1272 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1273 if you require the GPL compiler.
1276 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1277 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1278 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1281 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1282 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1283 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1287 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1288 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1289 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1290 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1291 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1292 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1295 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1296 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1297 which only require one chipset support.
1299 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1303 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1304 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1305 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1307 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1308 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1311 * load the chip modules in question
1312 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1314 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1315 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1317 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1320 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1321 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1322 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1324 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1325 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1326 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1328 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1329 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1330 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1331 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1332 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1333 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1334 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1335 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1338 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1339 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1340 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1343 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1344 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1345 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1348 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1349 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1350 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1351 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1352 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1353 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1354 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1357 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1358 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1359 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1360 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1363 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1364 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1365 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1368 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1369 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1370 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1373 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1374 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1376 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1377 via one of the following methods:
1378 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1379 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1380 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1381 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1383 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1386 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1387 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1388 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1389 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1393 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1394 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1395 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1396 be prefixed with colon.
1399 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1400 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1401 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1404 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1405 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1406 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1409 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1410 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1411 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1415 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1419 MCA bus support has been removed.
1422 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1423 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1426 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1427 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1430 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1431 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1432 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1436 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1437 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1438 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1441 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1442 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1443 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1446 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1447 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1448 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1451 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1452 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1453 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1454 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1457 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1458 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1460 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1461 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1464 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1465 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1466 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1470 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1471 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1472 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1475 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1476 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1479 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1480 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1481 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1482 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1485 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1486 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1487 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1488 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1489 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1492 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1495 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1496 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1497 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1498 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1501 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1502 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1503 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1507 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1508 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1509 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1510 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1511 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1515 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1516 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1519 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1522 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1523 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1524 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1525 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1526 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1527 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1531 CAM now strips the leading spaces from each SCSI disk's serial number.
1532 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1533 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1534 previously contained a line like
1535 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1536 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1537 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1541 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1542 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1543 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1544 built with the old headers.
1547 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1548 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1549 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1550 installing a new libc.
1553 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1554 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1555 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1556 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1557 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1558 packages will be needed.
1560 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1561 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1562 and the install steps.
1565 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1566 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1567 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1568 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1569 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1570 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1573 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1574 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1575 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1576 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1577 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1579 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1580 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1581 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1582 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1583 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1585 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1586 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1587 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1588 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1589 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1590 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1593 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1594 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1595 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1596 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1597 quirks entry to 0x3.
1600 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1601 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1602 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1605 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1606 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1609 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1610 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1611 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1612 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1613 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1614 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1615 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1616 stale .depend files.
1619 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1620 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1621 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1625 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1626 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1627 make -C sys/boot install
1628 <reboot in single user>
1630 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1634 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1635 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1636 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1639 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1640 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1641 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1642 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1643 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1644 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1647 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1648 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1649 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1650 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1651 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1654 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1655 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1656 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1657 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1658 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1661 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1662 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1665 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1666 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1667 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1670 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1671 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1672 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1676 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1677 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1678 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1679 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1680 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1681 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1684 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1685 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1686 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1687 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1691 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1692 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1693 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1696 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1697 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1698 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1700 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1701 collation results will be different.
1703 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1704 locales before running make installworld.
1706 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1709 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1710 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1713 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1714 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1715 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1718 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1719 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1720 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1721 and 'make -N' will not.
1724 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1725 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1726 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1727 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1728 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1729 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1730 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1731 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1734 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1735 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1736 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1737 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1740 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1741 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1742 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1745 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1746 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1747 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1748 userland debug files.
1750 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1751 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1752 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1754 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1755 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1758 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1759 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1760 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1761 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1762 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1763 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1766 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1767 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1768 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1771 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1772 them, the kernel must have
1775 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1777 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1778 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1779 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1780 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1782 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1783 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1786 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1787 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1788 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1791 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1792 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1793 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1794 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1796 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1797 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1798 difference with this change.
1800 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1801 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1802 remove that workaround.
1805 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1806 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1807 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1810 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1813 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1814 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1815 loader.rc.local instead.
1818 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1819 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1820 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1823 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1824 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1825 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1827 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1828 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1831 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1832 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1833 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1834 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1835 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1836 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1837 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1838 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1839 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1840 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1841 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1842 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1845 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1846 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1848 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1849 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1850 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1852 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1853 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1855 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1856 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1857 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1859 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1860 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1861 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1862 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1864 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1865 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1866 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1867 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1869 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1870 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1871 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1872 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1873 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1874 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1875 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1876 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1880 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1881 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1884 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1885 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1888 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1889 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1890 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1891 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1892 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1895 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1896 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1897 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1898 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1901 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1902 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1903 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1904 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1905 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1906 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1907 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1909 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1910 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1911 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1912 replace it with '2'.
1913 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1914 a file path, create a new file with:
1915 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1916 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1917 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1918 5. Restart sendmail:
1919 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1921 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1925 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1926 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1927 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1928 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1931 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1934 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1935 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1936 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1939 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1940 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1943 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1944 same but content is different now
1945 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1946 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1947 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1948 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1949 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1952 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1953 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1954 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1957 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1958 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1961 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1962 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1965 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1966 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1967 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1970 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1971 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1972 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1973 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1976 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1977 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1978 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1981 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1982 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1983 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1984 kernel before rebooting.
1987 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1988 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1989 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1990 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1991 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1992 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1995 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1996 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1997 with the new kernel.
2000 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
2001 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
2002 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
2005 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
2006 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
2007 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
2008 are not already using 3.5.0.
2011 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2012 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2013 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2014 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2015 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2018 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2019 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
2020 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2021 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2024 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2025 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2028 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2030 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2031 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2032 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2033 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2034 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2035 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2038 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2039 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2042 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2043 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2044 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2045 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2047 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2048 the instructions for 9.x above.
2050 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2051 default, and do not build clang.
2053 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2054 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2055 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2057 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2058 the following are most likely to appear:
2062 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2063 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2064 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2065 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2066 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2067 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2068 cast, or disable the warning.
2070 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2071 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2072 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2073 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2076 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2077 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2079 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2080 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2081 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2082 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2084 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2085 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2086 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2087 unreachable could be optimized away.
2090 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2091 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2092 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2093 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2094 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2095 the utilities will report errors.
2098 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2099 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2100 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2101 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2102 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2106 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2107 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2110 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2111 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2112 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2115 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2116 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2117 indicate what you need to do.
2119 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2120 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2121 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2123 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2124 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2128 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2129 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2133 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2134 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2138 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2142 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2143 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2144 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2145 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2146 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2147 their next update cycle.
2150 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2151 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2152 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2153 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2157 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2158 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2161 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2162 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2163 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2164 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2165 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2169 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2170 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2172 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2175 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2176 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2177 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2178 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2182 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2183 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2187 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2188 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2189 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2190 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2191 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2194 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2195 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2196 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2199 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2200 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2201 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2204 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2205 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2206 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2207 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2208 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2209 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2210 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2211 "make installworld".
2213 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2214 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2215 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2218 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2219 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2220 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2221 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2222 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2225 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2228 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2229 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2233 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2234 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2235 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2236 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2237 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2238 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2239 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2240 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2241 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2242 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2243 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2244 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2246 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2247 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2248 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2252 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2253 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2256 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2257 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2258 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2259 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2260 build hosts for older releases.
2262 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2263 r276991, respectively.
2266 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2267 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2268 will silently lack HESIOD.
2271 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2272 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2273 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2274 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2275 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2276 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2277 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2278 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2279 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2280 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2281 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2282 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2285 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2286 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2287 with command line option -W.
2290 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2291 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2292 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2293 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2294 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2297 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2300 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2301 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2304 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2305 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2306 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2307 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2308 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2311 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2312 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2313 kernel is still highly recommended.
2316 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2317 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2318 capability mode support in kernel.
2321 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2322 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2323 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2324 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2325 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2328 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2329 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2330 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2331 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2332 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2333 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2336 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2337 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2338 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2339 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2340 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2341 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2342 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2343 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2344 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2347 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2348 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2349 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2350 should change your settings to use the latter.
2353 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2354 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2355 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2356 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2357 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2360 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2361 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2362 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2364 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2366 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2369 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2376 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2377 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2378 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2379 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2380 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2381 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2382 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2383 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2385 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2386 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2387 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2388 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2389 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2390 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2391 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2392 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2395 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2396 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2397 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2398 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2401 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2402 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2403 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2404 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2406 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2407 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2408 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2409 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2410 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2411 should write them with this in mind.
2415 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2418 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2419 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2421 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2423 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2424 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2425 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2426 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2429 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2433 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2434 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2435 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2437 make kernel-toolchain
2438 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2439 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2441 To test a kernel once
2442 ---------------------
2443 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2444 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2445 debugging information) run
2446 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2447 nextboot -k testkernel
2449 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2450 -----------------------------------------------------------
2451 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2452 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2454 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2456 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2457 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2459 <reboot in single user> [3]
2466 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2467 --------------------------------------------------
2468 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2469 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2470 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2473 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2476 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2477 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2478 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2479 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2480 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2481 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2482 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2483 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2484 <reboot into current>
2485 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2486 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2490 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2491 ----------------------------------------------
2492 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2494 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2495 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2497 <reboot in single user> [3]
2504 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2505 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2506 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2507 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2508 the UPDATING entries.
2510 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2511 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2512 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2513 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2514 much fewer pitfalls.
2516 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2517 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2518 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2519 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2520 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2521 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2522 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2523 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2525 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2527 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2531 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2532 cd src # full path to source
2533 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2534 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2535 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2537 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2538 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2539 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2540 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2541 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2542 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2543 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2545 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2546 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2547 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2548 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2549 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2550 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2552 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2553 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2554 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2556 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2557 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2558 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2559 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2560 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2561 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2562 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2563 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2565 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2566 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2567 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2570 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2571 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2572 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2574 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2575 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2576 warn if it is improperly defined.
2579 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2580 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2581 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2582 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2583 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2585 Copyright information:
2587 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2589 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2590 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2591 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2593 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2594 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2595 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2596 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2597 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2598 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2599 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2600 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2601 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2602 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2603 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2605 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of