1 Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
31 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
32 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
33 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
34 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
35 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
38 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
39 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
40 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
41 file a PR and assign it to imp.
44 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
45 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software
49 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
50 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
51 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
52 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
54 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
57 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
58 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
61 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
62 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
63 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
64 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
65 already properly quoted or escaped.
68 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
69 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
70 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
71 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
72 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
73 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on
74 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
75 please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
77 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
78 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
81 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
85 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
89 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
91 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
94 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
95 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
96 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
97 "device imx6_ipu" to it.
98 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
99 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
100 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
104 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
108 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
109 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
110 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
113 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
114 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
117 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
118 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
119 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
122 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
123 system are now built unconditionally.
126 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
127 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
130 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was
131 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
133 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
134 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
135 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
138 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing
139 to reenable sendmail(8):
141 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
143 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
146 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
147 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
148 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
149 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
150 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
151 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
153 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
156 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
157 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
158 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
161 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled
162 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
165 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
166 for pkgbase users to do:
168 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
169 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
171 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
175 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
176 before re-compiling to avoid errors.
179 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
180 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
181 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
182 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
186 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
187 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
190 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
191 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
192 the coming days and weeks.
194 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
196 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
197 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
198 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
199 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
200 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
203 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
204 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
205 statement in unbound.conf:
206 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
208 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
210 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
211 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
212 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
213 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
214 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
215 such names when roaming to different homenets.
218 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
219 that any of the included congestion control modules could be
220 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
221 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
222 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
223 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
224 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
225 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
226 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
227 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
228 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
231 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
235 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
236 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
237 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
238 may need to be modified.
241 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
242 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
243 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
246 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use
247 the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
252 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
253 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
254 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
258 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
259 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
260 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
261 list of modules to load on their systems.
264 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
265 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
266 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
267 audio/freebsd-13-mixer
270 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
271 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built
272 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
276 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
277 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
278 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
279 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
280 application-specific configuration option for applications
281 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
284 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
285 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
288 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
289 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
290 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
291 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
294 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
295 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
296 MTU on all member interfaces instead.
299 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
300 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
301 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
304 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
305 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
306 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
307 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
308 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
309 to update your sources past the above hash and do
312 % sudo -E make install
313 to enable building kernels again.
316 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
317 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not
318 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
321 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
322 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
325 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
326 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
328 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
331 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
332 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
333 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
334 additions and others.
337 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
338 renamed to "untrusted".
341 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
342 please install the svn package or port.
345 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
346 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
347 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
350 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
353 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
354 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
355 https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
356 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
357 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
358 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
359 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
362 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
363 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where
364 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
368 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
369 libraries and utilities are packaged.
370 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
371 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
372 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
373 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
377 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
378 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules
379 need to be rebuilt from sources.
380 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
381 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
385 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
386 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
387 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
388 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
389 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
390 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
393 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
394 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
395 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
396 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
399 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
400 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
401 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
404 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
405 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
409 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
410 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
411 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
412 since it was bumped so recently.
415 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
416 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
417 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
418 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
421 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
422 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
423 requires a clean build.
426 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
427 instructions can be found at
428 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
429 and other documents in that repo.
432 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
433 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
434 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
435 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
438 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
439 may be installed from ports or packages.
442 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
443 See ping(8) for details.
446 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
447 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
448 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
451 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
452 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
453 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
454 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
455 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
458 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
459 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
460 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
461 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
462 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
466 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
467 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
468 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
469 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
471 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
472 command you want to un-auger the tree is
475 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
476 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
479 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
480 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
481 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
482 unless you want to use new features.
484 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
485 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
486 rebuilding world may fail.
488 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
489 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
491 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
492 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
493 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
494 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
497 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
498 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
499 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
500 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
503 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
504 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
508 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
509 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
512 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
513 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
514 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
515 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
518 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
519 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
520 from sources, so a version bump was done.
523 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
524 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
525 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
526 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
529 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
530 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
531 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
532 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
533 continue to function.
535 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
536 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
537 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
538 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
541 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
542 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
543 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
544 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
545 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
546 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
547 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
550 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
551 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
554 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
555 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
556 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
559 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
560 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
561 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
562 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
564 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
565 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
566 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
567 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
571 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
572 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
573 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
574 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
577 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
578 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
581 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
582 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
583 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
584 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
585 be functional without closefrom(2).
588 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
589 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
590 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
591 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
592 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
593 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
596 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
597 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
598 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
599 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
602 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
603 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
604 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
607 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
610 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
611 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
612 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
615 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
616 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
619 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
620 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
621 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
625 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
626 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
630 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
631 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
632 together with their new kernel.
635 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
636 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
637 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
639 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
640 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
643 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
647 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
648 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
649 external toolchain package.
652 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
653 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
654 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
655 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
656 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
659 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
660 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
661 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
662 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
665 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
666 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
667 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
671 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
674 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
675 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
676 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
677 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
680 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
681 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
682 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
685 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
686 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
687 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
688 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
689 differences between those included in the port and those included in
690 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
691 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
692 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
695 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
696 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
700 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
701 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
702 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
703 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
704 add superio to the set.
707 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
708 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
711 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
712 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
713 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
714 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
715 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
716 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
717 completely in the future.
720 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
721 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
722 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
723 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
724 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
725 will be removed from the list.
728 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
729 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
730 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
731 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
734 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
735 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
736 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
737 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
740 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
741 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
742 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
743 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
746 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
747 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
748 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
751 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
752 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
753 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
754 your scripts, because they had no effect.
756 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
757 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
758 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
759 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
760 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
763 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
764 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
765 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
766 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
767 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
768 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
769 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
772 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
773 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
774 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
775 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
778 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
779 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
780 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
781 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
784 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
785 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
786 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
789 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
790 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
791 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
792 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
793 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
794 avoid running into the limit.
797 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
798 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
801 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
802 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
803 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
804 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
805 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
806 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
809 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
810 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
813 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
814 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
815 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
816 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
817 availability properties.
819 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
820 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
821 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
822 initial condition, if desired.
824 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
825 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
827 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
828 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
829 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
830 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
833 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
834 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
835 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
836 therefore unblocked).
839 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
840 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
841 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
842 is added to the command line.
843 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
844 not affected and should continue to work.
847 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
848 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
849 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
850 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
853 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
854 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
855 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
859 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
860 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
864 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
865 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
866 migrating to the drm ports.
869 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
870 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
871 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
872 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
873 is loaded automatically.
876 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
877 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
878 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
882 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
883 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
884 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
885 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
888 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
889 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
890 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
891 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
892 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
896 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
897 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
898 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
900 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
901 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
903 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
904 removed from the mips port.
907 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
908 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
909 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
913 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
914 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
917 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
918 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
919 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
920 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
923 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
924 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
925 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
928 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
929 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
930 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
934 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
935 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
936 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
938 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
939 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
940 being included using the command:
944 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
945 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
948 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
949 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
950 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
951 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
952 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
953 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
954 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
955 that as you will get better support.
957 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
958 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
959 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
960 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
962 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
963 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
964 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
965 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
969 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
970 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
971 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
972 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
973 be adjusted as necessary.
976 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
977 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
978 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
979 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
982 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
983 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
984 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
985 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
989 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
990 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
991 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
992 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
996 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
997 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
998 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
999 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1000 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1001 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1004 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1005 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1006 default since FreeBSD-11.
1009 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1010 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
1011 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1014 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1015 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1016 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1017 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1018 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
1019 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1020 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1022 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1023 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1026 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1027 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1028 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1029 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1030 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1031 may not be observed in a future release.
1034 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
1035 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1039 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1040 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1041 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1042 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1045 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1046 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1047 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1048 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1052 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1053 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1054 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1057 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1058 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1059 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1060 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1061 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1064 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1065 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1066 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1067 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1068 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1069 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1072 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1073 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1074 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1077 in /boot/loader.conf
1078 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1079 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1080 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1083 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
1084 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1085 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1086 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1087 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1088 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1089 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1090 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1091 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1092 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1096 Big endian arm support has been removed.
1099 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1100 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
1101 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1102 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1103 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1106 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1107 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1108 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
1109 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
1110 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1111 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1114 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1115 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1118 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1119 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1120 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1121 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1122 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1123 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1124 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1127 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1128 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1129 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1133 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1134 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1135 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1139 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1140 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1143 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1144 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1148 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1149 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1150 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1151 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1154 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1155 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1156 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1160 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
1161 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1162 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1166 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1167 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1168 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1169 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1170 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1171 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1174 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1175 workaround is necessary.
1178 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1179 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
1180 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
1181 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1184 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
1185 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1186 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1187 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1188 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1191 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
1192 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1193 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
1194 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1197 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
1198 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1199 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1203 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
1204 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1208 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
1209 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1213 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1214 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1215 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1216 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1217 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1219 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1220 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1221 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1222 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1223 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1224 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1225 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1227 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1228 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1231 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1234 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1235 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1236 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1238 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1240 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1241 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1242 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1243 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1244 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1245 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1246 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1248 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1252 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1253 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1254 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1257 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1258 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1259 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1260 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1261 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1262 should be as simple as:
1264 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1265 $ make depend all install
1268 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1269 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1270 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1271 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1272 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1273 provisions for backup boot methods.
1276 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1277 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1278 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1282 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1283 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1284 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1288 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1289 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1290 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1292 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1293 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1296 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1297 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1298 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1299 remove it from kernel config files.
1302 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1303 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1304 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1306 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1307 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1310 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1311 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1312 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1313 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1316 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1317 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1320 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1321 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1322 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1323 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1326 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1327 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1328 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1329 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1330 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1331 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1334 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1335 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1336 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1339 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1340 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1341 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1342 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1343 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1346 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1347 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1348 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1349 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1350 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1354 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1355 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1356 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1357 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1358 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1359 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1360 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1361 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1362 than hardcoding paths.
1365 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1366 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1367 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1370 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1371 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1372 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1373 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1376 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1377 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1380 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1381 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1382 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1383 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1386 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1387 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1388 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1389 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1390 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1393 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1394 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1395 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1396 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1400 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1401 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1402 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1403 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1404 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1407 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1408 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1411 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1412 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1416 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1417 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1421 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1422 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1423 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1424 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1426 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1427 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1428 sandbox if successful.
1430 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1431 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1432 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1433 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1434 an unprivileged user.
1437 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1438 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1439 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1440 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1441 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1442 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1443 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1444 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1445 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1446 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1447 to which you should answer yes.
1450 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1451 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1452 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1453 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1454 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1457 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1458 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1459 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1462 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1463 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1466 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1467 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1468 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1469 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1470 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1471 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1472 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1475 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1476 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1477 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1478 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1479 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1480 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1483 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1484 if you require the GPL compiler.
1487 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1488 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1489 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1492 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1493 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1494 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1498 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1499 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1500 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1501 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1502 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1503 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1506 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1507 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1508 which only require one chipset support.
1510 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1514 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1515 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1516 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1518 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1519 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1522 * load the chip modules in question
1523 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1525 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1526 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1528 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1531 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1532 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1533 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1535 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1536 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1537 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1539 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1540 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1541 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1542 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1543 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1544 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1545 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1546 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1549 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1550 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1551 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1554 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1555 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1556 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1559 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1560 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1561 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1562 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1563 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1564 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1565 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1568 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1569 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1570 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1571 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1574 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1575 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1576 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1579 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1580 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1581 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1584 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1585 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1587 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1588 via one of the following methods:
1589 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1590 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1591 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1592 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1594 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1597 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1598 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1599 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1600 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1604 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1605 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1606 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1607 be prefixed with colon.
1610 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1611 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1612 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1615 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1616 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1617 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1620 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1621 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1622 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1626 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1630 MCA bus support has been removed.
1633 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1634 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1637 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1638 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1641 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1642 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1643 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1647 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1648 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1649 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1652 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1653 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1654 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1657 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1658 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1659 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1662 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1663 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1664 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1665 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1668 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1669 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1671 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1672 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1675 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1676 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1677 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1681 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1682 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1683 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1686 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1687 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1690 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1691 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1692 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1693 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1696 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1697 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1698 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1699 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1700 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1703 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1706 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1707 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1708 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1709 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1712 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1713 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1714 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1718 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1719 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1720 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1721 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1722 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1726 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1727 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1730 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1732 After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1733 from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1734 entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1741 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1742 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1743 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1744 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1745 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1746 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1747 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1748 report a bug if it happens consistently.
1750 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1751 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1752 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1753 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1754 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1755 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1756 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1757 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1760 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1761 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1762 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1763 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1766 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1767 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1768 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1769 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1771 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1772 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1773 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1774 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1775 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1776 should write them with this in mind.
1780 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1781 always follow these three steps:
1783 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1784 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1786 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1787 doing a zpool upgrade):
1789 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1790 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1791 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1792 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1794 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1795 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1798 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1803 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1804 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1805 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1806 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1807 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1808 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1809 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1810 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1812 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1813 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1814 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1815 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
1817 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
1818 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
1819 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
1820 since it does not automatically understand some new features.
1822 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
1826 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1827 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1828 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1830 make kernel-toolchain
1831 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1832 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1834 To test a kernel once
1835 ---------------------
1836 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1837 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1838 debugging information) run
1839 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1840 nextboot -k testkernel
1842 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1843 -----------------------------------------------------------
1844 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1845 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1847 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1849 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1850 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1852 <reboot in single user> [3]
1859 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1860 --------------------------------------------------
1861 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1862 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1863 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1866 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1869 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1870 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1871 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1872 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1873 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1874 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1875 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1876 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1877 <reboot into current>
1878 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1879 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1883 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1884 ----------------------------------------------
1885 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1887 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1888 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1890 <reboot in single user> [3]
1897 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1898 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1899 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1900 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1901 the UPDATING entries.
1903 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1904 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1905 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1906 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1907 much fewer pitfalls.
1909 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
1910 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
1911 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
1912 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
1913 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
1914 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
1915 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
1916 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
1918 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
1920 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1924 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1925 cd src # full path to source
1926 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1927 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
1928 into single user mode to do the installworld.
1930 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1931 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1932 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1933 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1934 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1935 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information.
1937 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
1938 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1941 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1942 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1943 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1945 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
1946 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
1947 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
1948 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
1949 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
1950 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
1951 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
1952 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
1954 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1955 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
1956 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
1959 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1960 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1961 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1963 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1964 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1965 warn if it is improperly defined.
1968 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1969 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1970 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1971 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1972 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1974 Copyright information:
1976 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
1978 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1979 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1980 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1982 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1983 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1984 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1985 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1986 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1987 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1988 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1989 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1990 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1991 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1992 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1994 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of