1 Updating Information for users of FreeBSD stable/13.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
16 Change 9b998db87c28 changed 'struct ieee80211vap' internals in net80211.
17 Given we do not have enough spares and the struct is allocated by
18 drivers, all wireless drivers have to be recompiled.
19 __FreeBSD_version is updated to 1303001 to track this change.
22 sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged. This version enforces
23 stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
24 endings. This may cause issues with receiving messages from
25 non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
26 contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
29 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
30 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
31 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
32 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
33 already properly quoted or escaped.
36 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
37 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
38 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
39 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
41 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
44 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
45 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
48 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was
49 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
51 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
52 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
53 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
56 Bump __FreeBSD_verion after various changes to LinuxKPI pci and 802.11
57 in order to help out-of-tree consumers to deal accordingly.
60 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
61 before re-compiling to avoid errors.
64 Bump __FreeBSD_verion to 1301501 after merging LinuxKPI and
65 net80211 changes in order to help out-of-tree consumers to deal
69 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
70 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
71 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
74 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
75 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
76 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
77 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1300524 to
81 Commit 18f5b477ee66 adds two arguments to VOP_ALLOCATE().
82 Normally changes to VOP calls are not MFC'd, but a
83 discussion on freebsd-current@ seemed to agree that
84 it was acceptable in this case, to fix the NFSv4.2 server.
85 Any out of source tree file system with a custom
86 VOP_ALLOCATE() call will need to be modified.
87 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300523 since the NFS modules need
88 to be rebuilt from sources.
91 Commit 6e8e261f0d4e changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
92 modules. As such, all the modules must be rebuilt from sources.
93 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1300522.
96 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300521 after merging LinuxKPI and
97 net80211 changes in order to support building various wireless
98 drivers. This is to help other external consumers of LinuxKPI
99 and net80211 to deal accordingly.
102 Commit a599f9f7620b deleted the variable called nfs_maxcopyrange
103 from nfscommon.ko, since it no longer needs to be global. As such,
104 the other nfs modules must be rebuilt from up to date sources.
105 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300516 for this.
108 As of commit 622809b0868f OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
109 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
110 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
111 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
112 application-specific configuration option for applications
113 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
116 Commits 9fb6e613373c and 9ec7dbf46b0a both changed the internal
117 KAPI between the NFS modules. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300514.
118 All NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources.
121 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
122 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
123 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
124 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
127 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300512 after merging LinuxKPI, OFED,
128 net80211, and driver changes in order to support building
129 Intel wireless iwlwifi drivers. This is especially needed for
130 drm-kmod which needs updates after this.
133 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
134 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
135 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
136 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
137 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
138 to update your sources past the above hash and do
141 % sudo -E make install
142 to enable building kernels again.
145 Commit 8a04edfdcbd2 changes the default minor version
146 used for NFSv4 mounts to the highest minor version supported
147 by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using
148 the "minorversion" mount option.
149 The consensus of a discussion on freebsd-current@ indicated
150 that this would be acceptable to do and would not be considered
154 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
155 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
158 Commit ca179c4d74f2/632e3f2f3a66 changed the package in which
159 the OpenSSL libraries and utilities are packaged.
160 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
161 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
162 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
163 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
167 Commit 841006678745 changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
168 and nfsd modules. As such, they must both be rebuilt from
170 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1300510.
173 Commit 272f39942254 changed the internal KAPI between the
174 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
175 rebuilt from sources.
178 Commit 5a45802b3c8c changed the internal KAPI between
179 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
180 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
181 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
182 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
183 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
186 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
187 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
191 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
194 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
195 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
196 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
197 since it was bumped so recently.
200 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
201 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
202 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
203 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
206 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
207 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
208 requires a clean build.
211 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
212 instructions can be found at
213 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
214 and other documents in that repo.
217 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
218 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
219 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
220 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
223 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
224 may be installed from ports or packages.
227 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
228 See ping(8) for details.
231 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
232 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
233 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
235 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
236 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
237 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
238 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
239 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
242 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
243 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
244 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
245 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
246 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
250 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
251 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
252 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
253 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
255 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
256 command you want to un-auger the tree is
259 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
260 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
263 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
264 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
265 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
266 unless you want to use new features.
268 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
269 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
270 rebuilding world may fail.
272 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
273 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
275 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
276 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
277 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
278 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
281 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
282 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
283 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
284 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
287 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
288 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
292 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
293 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
296 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
297 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
298 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
299 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
302 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
303 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
304 from sources, so a version bump was done.
307 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
308 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
309 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
310 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
313 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
314 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
315 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
316 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
317 continue to function.
319 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
320 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
321 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
322 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
325 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
326 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
327 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
328 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
329 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
330 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
331 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
334 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
335 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
338 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
339 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
340 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
343 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
344 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
345 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
346 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
348 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
349 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
350 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
351 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
355 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
356 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
357 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
358 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
361 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
362 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
365 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
366 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
367 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
368 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
369 be functional without closefrom(2).
372 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
373 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
374 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
375 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
376 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
377 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
380 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
381 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
382 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
383 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
386 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
387 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
388 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
391 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
394 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
395 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
396 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
399 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
400 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
403 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
404 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
405 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
409 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
410 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
414 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
415 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
416 together with their new kernel.
419 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
420 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
421 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
423 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
424 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
427 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
431 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
432 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
433 external toolchain package.
436 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
437 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
438 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
439 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
440 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
443 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
444 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
445 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
446 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
449 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
450 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
451 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
455 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
458 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
459 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
460 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
461 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
464 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
465 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
466 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
469 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
470 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
471 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
472 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
473 differences between those included in the port and those included in
474 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
475 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
476 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
479 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
480 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
484 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
485 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
486 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
487 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
488 add superio to the set.
491 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
492 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
495 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
496 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
497 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
498 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
499 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
500 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
501 completely in the future.
504 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
505 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
506 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
507 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
508 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
509 will be removed from the list.
512 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
513 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
514 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
515 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
518 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
519 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
520 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
521 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
524 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
525 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
526 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
527 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
530 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
531 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
532 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
535 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
536 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
537 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
538 your scripts, because they had no effect.
540 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
541 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
542 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
543 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
544 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
547 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
548 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
549 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
550 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
551 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
552 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
553 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
556 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
557 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
558 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
559 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
562 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
563 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
564 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
565 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
568 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
569 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
570 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
573 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
574 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
575 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
576 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
577 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
578 avoid running into the limit.
581 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
582 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
585 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
586 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
587 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
588 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
589 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
590 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
593 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
594 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
597 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
598 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
599 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
600 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
601 availability properties.
603 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
604 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
605 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
606 initial condition, if desired.
608 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
609 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
611 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
612 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
613 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
614 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
617 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
618 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
619 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
620 therefore unblocked).
623 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
624 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
625 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
626 is added to the command line.
627 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
628 not affected and should continue to work.
631 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
632 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
633 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
634 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
637 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
638 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
639 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
643 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
644 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
648 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
649 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
650 migrating to the drm ports.
653 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
654 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
655 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
656 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
657 is loaded automatically.
660 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
661 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
662 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
666 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
667 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
668 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
669 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
672 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
673 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
674 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
675 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
676 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
680 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
681 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
682 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
684 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
685 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
687 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
688 removed from the mips port.
691 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
692 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
693 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
697 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
698 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
701 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
702 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
703 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
704 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
707 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
708 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
709 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
712 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
713 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
714 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
718 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
719 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
720 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
722 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
723 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
724 being included using the command:
728 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
729 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
732 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
733 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
734 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
735 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
736 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
737 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
738 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
739 that as you will get better support.
741 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
742 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
743 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
744 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
746 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
747 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
748 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
749 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
753 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
754 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
755 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
756 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
757 be adjusted as necessary.
760 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
761 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
762 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
763 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
766 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
767 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
768 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
769 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
773 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
774 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
775 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
776 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
780 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
781 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
782 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
783 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
784 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
785 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
788 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
789 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
790 default since FreeBSD-11.
793 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
794 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
795 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
798 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
799 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
800 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
801 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
802 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
803 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
804 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
806 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
807 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
810 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
811 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
812 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
813 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
814 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
815 may not be observed in a future release.
818 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
819 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
823 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
824 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
825 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
826 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
829 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
830 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
831 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
832 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
836 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
837 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
838 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
841 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
842 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
843 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
844 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
845 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
848 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
849 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
850 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
851 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
852 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
853 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
856 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
857 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
858 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
862 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
863 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
864 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
867 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
868 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
869 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
870 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
871 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
872 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
873 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
874 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
875 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
876 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
880 Big endian arm support has been removed.
883 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
884 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
885 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
886 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
887 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
890 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
891 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
892 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
893 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
894 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
895 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
898 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
899 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
902 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
903 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
904 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
905 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
906 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
907 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
908 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
911 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
912 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
913 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
917 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
918 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
919 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
923 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
924 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
927 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
928 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
932 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
933 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
934 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
935 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
938 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
939 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
940 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
944 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
945 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
946 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
950 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
951 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
952 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
953 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
954 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
955 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
958 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
959 workaround is necessary.
962 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
963 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
964 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
965 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
968 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
969 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
970 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
971 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
972 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
975 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
976 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
977 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
978 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
981 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
982 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
983 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
987 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
988 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
992 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
993 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
997 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
998 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
999 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1000 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1001 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1003 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1004 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1005 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1006 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1007 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1008 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1009 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1011 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1012 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1015 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1018 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1019 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1020 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1022 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1024 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1025 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1026 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1027 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1028 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1029 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1030 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1032 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1036 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1037 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1038 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1041 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1042 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1043 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1044 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1045 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1046 should be as simple as:
1048 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1049 $ make depend all install
1052 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1053 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1054 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1055 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1056 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1057 provisions for backup boot methods.
1060 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1061 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1062 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1066 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1067 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1068 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1072 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1073 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1074 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1076 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1077 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1080 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1081 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1082 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1083 remove it from kernel config files.
1086 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1087 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1088 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1090 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1091 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1094 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1095 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1096 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1097 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1100 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1101 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1104 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1105 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1106 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1107 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1110 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1111 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1112 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1113 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1114 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1115 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1118 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1119 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1120 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1123 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1124 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1125 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1126 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1127 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1130 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1131 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1132 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1133 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1134 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1138 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1139 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1140 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1141 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1142 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1143 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1144 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1145 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1146 than hardcoding paths.
1149 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1150 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1151 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1154 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1155 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1156 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1157 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1160 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1161 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1164 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1165 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1166 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1167 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1170 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1171 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1172 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1173 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1174 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1177 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1178 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1179 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1180 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1184 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1185 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1186 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1187 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1188 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1191 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1192 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1195 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1196 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1200 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1201 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1205 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1206 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1207 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1208 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1210 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1211 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1212 sandbox if successful.
1214 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1215 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1216 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1217 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1218 an unprivileged user.
1221 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1222 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1223 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1224 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1225 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1226 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1227 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1228 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1229 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1230 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1231 to which you should answer yes.
1234 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1235 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1236 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1237 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1238 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1241 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1242 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1243 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1246 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1247 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1250 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1251 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1252 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1253 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1254 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1255 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1256 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1259 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1260 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1261 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1262 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1263 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1264 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1267 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1268 if you require the GPL compiler.
1271 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1272 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1273 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1276 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1277 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1278 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1282 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1283 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1284 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1285 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1286 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1287 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1290 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1291 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1292 which only require one chipset support.
1294 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1298 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1299 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1300 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1302 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1303 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1306 * load the chip modules in question
1307 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1309 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1310 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1312 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1315 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1316 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1317 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1319 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1320 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1321 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1323 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1324 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1325 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1326 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1327 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1328 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1329 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1330 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1333 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1334 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1335 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1338 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1339 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1340 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1343 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1344 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1345 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1346 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1347 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1348 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1349 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1352 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1353 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1354 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1355 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1358 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1359 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1360 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1363 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1364 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1365 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1368 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1369 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1371 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1372 via one of the following methods:
1373 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1374 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1375 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1376 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1378 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1381 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1382 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1383 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1384 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1388 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1389 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1390 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1391 be prefixed with colon.
1394 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1395 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1396 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1399 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1400 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1401 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1404 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1405 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1406 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1410 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1414 MCA bus support has been removed.
1417 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1418 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1421 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1422 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1425 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1426 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1427 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1431 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1432 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1433 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1436 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1437 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1438 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1441 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1442 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1443 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1446 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1447 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1448 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1449 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1452 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1453 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1455 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1456 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1459 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1460 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1461 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1465 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1466 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1467 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1470 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1471 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1474 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1475 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1476 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1477 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1480 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1481 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1482 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1483 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1484 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1487 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1490 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1491 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1492 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1493 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1496 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1497 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1498 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1502 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1503 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1504 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1505 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1506 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1510 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1511 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1514 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1517 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1518 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1519 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1520 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1521 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1522 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1526 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1527 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1528 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1529 previously contained a line like
1530 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1531 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1532 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1536 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1537 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1538 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1539 built with the old headers.
1542 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1543 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1544 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1545 installing a new libc.
1548 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1549 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1550 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1551 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1552 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1553 packages will be needed.
1555 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1556 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1557 and the install steps.
1560 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1561 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1562 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1563 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1564 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1565 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1568 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1569 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1570 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1571 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1572 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1574 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1575 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1576 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1577 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1578 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1580 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1581 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1582 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1583 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1584 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1585 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1588 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1589 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1590 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1591 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1592 quirks entry to 0x3.
1595 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1596 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1597 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1600 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1601 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1604 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1605 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1606 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1607 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1608 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1609 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1610 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1611 stale .depend files.
1614 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1615 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1616 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1620 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1621 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1622 make -C sys/boot install
1623 <reboot in single user>
1625 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1629 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1630 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1631 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1634 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1635 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1636 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1637 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1638 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1639 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1642 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1643 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1644 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1645 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1646 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1649 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1650 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1651 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1652 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1653 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1656 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1657 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1660 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1661 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1662 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1665 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1666 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1667 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1671 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1672 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1673 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1674 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1675 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1676 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1679 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1680 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1681 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1682 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1686 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1687 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1688 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1691 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1692 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1693 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1695 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1696 collation results will be different.
1698 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1699 locales before running make installworld.
1701 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1704 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1705 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1708 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1709 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1710 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1713 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1714 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1715 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1716 and 'make -N' will not.
1719 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1720 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1721 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1722 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1723 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1724 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1725 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1726 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1729 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1730 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1731 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1732 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1735 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1736 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1737 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1740 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1741 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1742 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1743 userland debug files.
1745 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1746 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1747 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1749 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1750 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1753 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1754 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1755 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1756 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1757 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1758 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1761 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1762 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1763 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1766 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1767 them, the kernel must have
1770 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1772 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1773 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1774 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1775 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1777 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1778 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1781 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1782 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1783 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1786 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1787 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1788 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1789 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1791 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1792 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1793 difference with this change.
1795 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1796 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1797 remove that workaround.
1800 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1801 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1802 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1805 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1808 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1809 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1810 loader.rc.local instead.
1813 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1814 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1815 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1818 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1819 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1820 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1822 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1823 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1826 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1827 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1828 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1829 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1830 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1831 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1832 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1833 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1834 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1835 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1836 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1837 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1840 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1841 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1843 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1844 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1845 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1847 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1848 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1850 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1851 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1852 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1854 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1855 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1856 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1857 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1859 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1860 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1861 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1862 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1864 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1865 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1866 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1867 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1868 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1869 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1870 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1871 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1875 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1876 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1879 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1880 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1883 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1884 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1885 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1886 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1887 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1890 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1891 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1892 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1893 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1896 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1897 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1898 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1899 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1900 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1901 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1902 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1904 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1905 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1906 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1907 replace it with '2'.
1908 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1909 a file path, create a new file with:
1910 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1911 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1912 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1913 5. Restart sendmail:
1914 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1916 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1920 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1921 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1922 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1923 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1926 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1929 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1930 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1931 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1934 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1935 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1938 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1939 same but content is different now
1940 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1941 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1942 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1943 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1944 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1947 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1948 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1949 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1952 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1953 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1956 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1957 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1960 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1961 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1962 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1965 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1966 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1967 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1968 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1971 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1972 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1973 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1976 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1977 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1978 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1979 kernel before rebooting.
1982 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1983 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1984 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1985 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1986 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1987 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1990 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1991 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1992 with the new kernel.
1995 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1996 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1997 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
2000 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
2001 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
2002 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
2003 are not already using 3.5.0.
2006 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2007 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2008 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2009 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2010 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2013 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2014 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
2015 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2016 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2019 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2020 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2023 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2025 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2026 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2027 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2028 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2029 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2030 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2033 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2034 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2037 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2038 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2039 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2040 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2042 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2043 the instructions for 9.x above.
2045 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2046 default, and do not build clang.
2048 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2049 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2050 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2052 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2053 the following are most likely to appear:
2057 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2058 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2059 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2060 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2061 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2062 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2063 cast, or disable the warning.
2065 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2066 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2067 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2068 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2071 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2072 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2074 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2075 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2076 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2077 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2079 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2080 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2081 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2082 unreachable could be optimized away.
2085 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2086 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2087 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2088 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2089 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2090 the utilities will report errors.
2093 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2094 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2095 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2096 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2097 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2101 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2102 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2105 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2106 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2107 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2110 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2111 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2112 indicate what you need to do.
2114 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2115 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2116 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2118 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2119 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2123 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2124 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2128 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2129 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2133 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2137 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2138 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2139 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2140 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2141 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2142 their next update cycle.
2145 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2146 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2147 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2148 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2152 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2153 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2156 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2157 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2158 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2159 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2160 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2164 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2165 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2167 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2170 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2171 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2172 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2173 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2177 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2178 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2182 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2183 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2184 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2185 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2186 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2189 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2190 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2191 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2194 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2195 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2196 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2199 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2200 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2201 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2202 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2203 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2204 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2205 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2206 "make installworld".
2208 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2209 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2210 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2213 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2214 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2215 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2216 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2217 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2220 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2223 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2224 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2228 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2229 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2230 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2231 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2232 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2233 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2234 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2235 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2236 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2237 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2238 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2239 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2241 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2242 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2243 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2247 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2248 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2251 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2252 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2253 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2254 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2255 build hosts for older releases.
2257 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2258 r276991, respectively.
2261 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2262 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2263 will silently lack HESIOD.
2266 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2267 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2268 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2269 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2270 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2271 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2272 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2273 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2274 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2275 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2276 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2277 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2280 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2281 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2282 with command line option -W.
2285 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2286 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2287 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2288 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2289 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2292 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2295 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2296 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2299 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2300 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2301 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2302 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2303 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2306 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2307 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2308 kernel is still highly recommended.
2311 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2312 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2313 capability mode support in kernel.
2316 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2317 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2318 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2319 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2320 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2323 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2324 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2325 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2326 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2327 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2328 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2331 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2332 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2333 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2334 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2335 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2336 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2337 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2338 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2339 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2342 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2343 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2344 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2345 should change your settings to use the latter.
2348 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2349 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2350 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2351 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2352 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2355 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2356 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2357 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2359 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2361 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2364 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2371 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2372 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2373 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2374 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2375 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2376 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2377 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2378 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2380 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2381 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2382 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2383 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2384 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2385 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2386 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2387 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2390 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2391 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2392 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2393 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2396 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2397 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2398 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2399 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2401 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2402 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2403 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2404 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2405 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2406 should write them with this in mind.
2410 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2413 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2414 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2416 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2418 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2419 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2420 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2421 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2424 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2428 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2429 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2430 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2432 make kernel-toolchain
2433 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2434 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2436 To test a kernel once
2437 ---------------------
2438 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2439 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2440 debugging information) run
2441 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2442 nextboot -k testkernel
2444 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2445 -----------------------------------------------------------
2446 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2447 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2449 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2451 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2452 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2454 <reboot in single user> [3]
2461 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2462 --------------------------------------------------
2463 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2464 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2465 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2468 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2471 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2472 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2473 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2474 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2475 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2476 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2477 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2478 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2479 <reboot into current>
2480 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2481 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2485 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2486 ----------------------------------------------
2487 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2489 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2490 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2492 <reboot in single user> [3]
2499 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2500 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2501 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2502 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2503 the UPDATING entries.
2505 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2506 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2507 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2508 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2509 much fewer pitfalls.
2511 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2512 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2513 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2514 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2515 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2516 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2517 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2518 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2520 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2522 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2526 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2527 cd src # full path to source
2528 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2529 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2530 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2532 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2533 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2534 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2535 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2536 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2537 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2538 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2540 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2541 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2542 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2543 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2544 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2545 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2547 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2548 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2549 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2551 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2552 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2553 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2554 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2555 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2556 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2557 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2558 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2560 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2561 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2562 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2565 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2566 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2567 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2569 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2570 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2571 warn if it is improperly defined.
2574 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2575 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2576 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2577 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2578 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2580 Copyright information:
2582 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2584 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2585 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2586 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2588 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2589 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2590 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2591 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2592 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2593 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2594 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2595 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2596 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2597 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2598 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2600 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of