1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
27 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
28 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
29 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
30 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
33 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
34 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
35 configurations may need to be adjusted.
38 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
39 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
40 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
41 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
44 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
45 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
46 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
47 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
50 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
51 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] kernel
52 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version
56 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
57 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
58 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
61 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
62 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
63 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
64 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
65 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
66 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
67 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
68 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
69 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
71 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
72 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
73 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
74 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
75 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
78 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
79 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
80 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
81 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
82 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
85 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
86 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
90 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
94 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
95 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
96 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
99 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
100 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
103 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
104 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
108 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
109 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
111 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
114 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
118 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
119 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
122 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
124 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
127 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
128 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
129 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
130 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
131 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
132 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
135 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
136 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
139 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
141 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
144 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
145 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
146 data to /etc/localtime.
149 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
150 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
153 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
154 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
155 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
156 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
157 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
158 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
161 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
162 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
163 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
164 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
165 correctly checking networking state from userland.
166 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
169 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
170 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
171 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
172 follows the IPv4 implementation.
174 For kernel developers:
176 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
177 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
178 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
180 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
181 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
182 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
183 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
185 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
186 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
187 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
188 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
189 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
190 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
191 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
192 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
193 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
194 multicast membership on-link.
195 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
196 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
197 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
199 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
200 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
202 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
203 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
206 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
207 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
208 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
209 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
211 For application developers:
213 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
216 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
217 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
219 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
220 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
221 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
222 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
224 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
225 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
226 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
227 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
228 Multicast Source Filters'.
230 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
232 For systems administrators:
234 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
235 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
236 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
237 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
238 returned by getifaddrs(3).
240 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
241 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
243 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
244 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
245 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
246 recommended for optimal system performance.
248 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
249 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
250 back forwarded datagrams.
252 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
255 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
259 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
260 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
261 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
262 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
265 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
266 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
267 state will require a world rebuild.
268 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
271 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
272 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
273 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
276 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
277 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
278 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
279 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
281 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
284 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
285 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
286 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
287 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
288 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
289 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
290 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
291 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
294 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
295 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
296 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
299 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
300 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
301 introduces some changes:
303 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
304 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
305 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
307 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
308 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
309 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
310 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
312 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
313 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
314 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
317 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
320 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
321 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
325 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
326 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
327 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
328 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
329 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
332 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
333 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
334 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
335 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
339 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
340 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
341 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
342 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
345 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
346 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
349 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
350 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
352 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
353 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
354 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
356 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
357 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
358 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
359 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
360 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
361 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
362 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
363 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
365 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
366 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
367 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
368 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
369 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
370 to preserve the existing behaviour.
372 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
373 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
374 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
375 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
376 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
378 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
379 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
380 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
383 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
384 recompiled to reflect this.
385 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
388 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
389 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
390 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
391 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
392 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
393 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
396 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
397 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
398 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
399 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
400 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
401 raised to allow such segments to be created.
404 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
405 network device driver modules.
408 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
409 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
412 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
413 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
414 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
415 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
416 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
420 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
421 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
422 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
426 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
427 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
429 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
430 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
431 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
434 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
435 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
436 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
437 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
438 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
439 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
441 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
442 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
444 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
445 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
448 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
449 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
450 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
451 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
455 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
456 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
459 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
460 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
461 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
462 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
463 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
464 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
467 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
468 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
469 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
470 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
473 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
474 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
475 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
476 in next mpd5.3 release.
479 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
480 the base system (it was a port).
483 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
484 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
487 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
488 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
489 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
490 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
491 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
492 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
493 none of the L2 information.
496 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
497 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
499 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
501 to their kernel config files when specifying:
505 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
506 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
507 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
508 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
511 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
512 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
513 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
514 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
515 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
519 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
520 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
521 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
522 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
525 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
528 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
529 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
530 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
531 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
532 controller add the following to loader.conf:
538 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
539 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
543 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
544 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
545 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
546 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
547 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
550 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
556 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
558 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
559 cause compilation to fail.
562 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
565 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
567 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
568 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
569 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
570 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
571 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
572 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
573 accepting the RSA key.
575 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
576 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
579 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
580 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
581 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
585 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
586 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
587 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
589 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
590 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
591 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
592 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
593 use the new device names.
595 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
596 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
597 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
598 at the loader prompt:
600 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
601 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
602 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
603 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
607 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
611 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
612 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
613 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
614 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
617 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
618 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
621 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
622 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
623 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
624 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
625 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
628 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
629 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
630 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
631 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
633 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
636 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
637 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
638 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
639 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
641 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
642 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
643 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
646 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
647 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
648 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
649 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
650 other operation levels.
653 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
654 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
655 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
656 compatibility with any prior release:
658 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
659 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
660 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
663 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
664 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
665 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
666 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
667 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
671 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
672 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
673 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
674 with older hardware easier to do.
677 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
678 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
681 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
682 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
683 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
687 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
691 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
692 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
693 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
694 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
695 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
696 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
697 third-party software might fail to build after this change
698 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
699 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
700 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
701 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
702 case that a portable fix is impossible.
705 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
706 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
707 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
710 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
711 functionality is the default now.
714 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
715 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
716 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
717 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
718 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
720 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
721 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
722 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
725 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
726 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
727 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
728 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
729 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
730 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
731 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
732 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
733 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
734 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
738 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
739 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
741 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
742 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
743 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
749 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
750 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
753 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
754 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
755 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
756 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
757 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
760 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
761 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
762 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
763 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
767 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
768 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
769 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
772 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
773 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
774 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
777 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
778 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
779 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
780 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
781 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
784 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
785 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
786 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
787 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
788 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
789 will change after some settling time.
792 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
793 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
797 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
798 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
802 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
803 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
804 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
805 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
808 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
809 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
810 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
811 the IPv4 network stack.
813 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
814 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
815 has now been removed.
817 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
818 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
819 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
820 updated to reflect this.
822 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
823 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
827 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
828 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
829 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
830 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
831 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
832 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
833 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
834 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
835 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
836 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
840 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
841 function and starts providing an account management function.
842 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
843 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
844 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
846 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
848 and change it according to this example:
850 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
852 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
853 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
854 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
855 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
858 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
859 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
860 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
861 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
864 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
865 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
866 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
867 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
868 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
869 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
873 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
874 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
875 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
876 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
877 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
878 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
879 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
881 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
882 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
883 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
886 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
887 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
888 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
889 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
892 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
893 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
896 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
897 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
898 base operating system should be recompiled.
901 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
902 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
903 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
904 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
905 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
908 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
909 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
910 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
911 deprecated in previous releases.
912 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
913 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
916 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
917 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
918 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
920 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
923 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
924 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
925 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
926 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
929 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
930 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
931 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
932 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
933 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
934 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
935 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
936 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
937 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
940 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
941 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
942 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
943 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
947 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
948 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
949 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
951 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
952 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
953 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
956 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
957 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
958 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
959 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
960 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
964 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
965 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
966 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
967 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
968 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
971 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
972 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
973 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
974 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
977 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
978 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
979 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
980 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
984 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
985 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
986 with exceptions of followings:
987 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
988 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
989 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
990 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
991 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
992 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
993 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
994 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
997 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
998 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
999 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1000 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1001 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1002 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1004 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1006 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1007 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1008 the array the same way you built it originally.
1011 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1012 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1013 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1014 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1015 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1016 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1017 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1020 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1021 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1022 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1023 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1024 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1027 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1028 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1029 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1030 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1031 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1034 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1035 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1036 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1037 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1038 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1039 added to 'struct proc'.
1042 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1045 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1046 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1047 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1048 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1049 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1052 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1055 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1056 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1057 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1060 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1063 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1064 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1065 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1068 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1069 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1070 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1071 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1072 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1075 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1076 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1077 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1078 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1081 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1082 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1086 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1087 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1088 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1089 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1090 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1093 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1094 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1095 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1096 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1097 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1098 `make installworld' with:
1100 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1102 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1103 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1104 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1105 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1108 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1109 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1110 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1111 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1115 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1116 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1117 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1118 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1119 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1120 implements the interface to support it.
1123 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1124 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1125 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1126 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1130 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1131 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1132 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1133 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1134 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1135 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1136 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1137 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1138 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1140 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1143 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1144 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1147 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1148 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1149 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1150 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1154 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1155 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1156 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1159 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1160 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1163 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1164 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1165 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1166 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1167 on your next install.
1168 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1169 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1170 to your /etc/make.conf.
1173 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1174 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1175 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1178 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1179 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1180 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1183 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1184 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1187 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1188 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1189 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1190 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1193 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1194 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1195 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1198 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1199 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1200 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1204 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1205 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1206 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1207 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1208 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1209 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1210 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1211 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1214 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1215 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1216 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1219 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1220 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1223 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1224 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1227 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1228 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1229 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1232 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1233 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1234 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1235 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1236 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1237 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1241 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1242 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1245 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1246 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1249 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1250 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1251 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1252 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1256 RELENG_6 branched here.
1259 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1260 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1261 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1262 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1263 removable_interfaces.
1266 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1267 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1268 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1269 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1270 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1271 affect existing configurations.
1274 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1275 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1276 updated to the new APIs.
1279 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1280 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1281 will not behave correctly.
1283 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1284 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1285 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1288 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1289 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1290 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1291 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1292 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1294 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1295 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1299 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1300 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1303 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1304 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1305 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1306 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1307 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1308 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1309 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1312 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1313 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1314 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1315 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1318 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1319 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1320 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1323 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1324 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1325 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1329 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1330 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1331 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1332 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1335 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1336 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1337 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1338 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1339 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1340 none at this point.)
1343 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1344 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1347 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1348 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1349 with the new kernel.
1352 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1353 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1354 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1357 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1358 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1359 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1360 if you have updated the kernel.
1362 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1363 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1364 mounting the new volume.
1367 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1368 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1369 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1370 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1373 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1374 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1377 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1378 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1379 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1380 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1381 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1382 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1385 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1386 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1387 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1388 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1389 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1392 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1393 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1394 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1395 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1396 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1397 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1398 and wlan_xauth as required.
1401 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1402 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1403 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1404 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1408 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1409 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1410 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1411 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1412 the module when a wep key is configured).
1415 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1416 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1417 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1420 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1421 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1424 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1425 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1426 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1427 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1428 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1429 their /etc/rc scripts.
1432 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1435 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1436 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1437 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1440 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1441 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1442 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1445 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1446 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1452 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1453 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1454 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1455 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1456 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1457 on the -current branch).
1459 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1460 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1461 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1462 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1463 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1464 page for more details.
1466 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1467 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1468 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1469 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1470 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1475 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1476 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1477 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1479 make kernel-toolchain
1480 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1481 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1483 To test a kernel once
1484 ---------------------
1485 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1486 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1487 debugging information) run
1488 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1489 nextboot -k testkernel
1491 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1492 --------------------------------------------------------------
1493 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1494 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1495 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1497 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1498 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1499 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1504 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1506 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1507 -----------------------------------------------------------
1508 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1509 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1511 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1513 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1515 <reboot in single user> [3]
1523 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1524 --------------------------------------------------
1525 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1526 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1527 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1530 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1533 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1534 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1535 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1536 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1537 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1538 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1539 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1540 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1541 <reboot into current>
1542 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1543 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1547 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1548 ----------------------------------------------
1549 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1551 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1553 <reboot in single user> [3]
1560 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1561 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1562 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1563 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1564 the UPDATING entries.
1566 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1567 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1568 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1569 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1570 much fewer pitfalls.
1572 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1573 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1576 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1581 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1582 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1583 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1585 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1586 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1587 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1588 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1589 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1590 for potential gotchas.
1592 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1593 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1594 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1595 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1596 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1597 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1599 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1600 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1601 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1602 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1603 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1605 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1606 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1608 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1609 cvs prune empty directories.
1611 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1612 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1613 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1615 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1616 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1617 warn if it is improperly defined.
1620 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1621 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1622 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1623 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1625 Copyright information:
1627 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1629 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1630 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1631 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1633 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1634 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1635 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1636 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1637 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1638 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1639 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1640 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1641 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1642 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1643 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1645 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1648 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of