1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
20 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
35 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
36 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
37 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
41 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
42 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
43 migrating to the drm ports.
46 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
47 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
48 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
49 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
50 is loaded automatically.
53 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
54 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
55 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
59 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
60 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
61 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
62 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
65 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
66 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
67 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
68 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
69 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
73 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
74 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
75 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
77 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
78 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
80 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
81 removed from the mips port.
84 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
85 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
86 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
90 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
91 the time with these deamons has been obsolete for over a decade.
94 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
95 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
96 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
97 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
100 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
101 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
102 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
105 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
106 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
107 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
111 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
112 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
113 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
115 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
116 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
117 being included using the command:
121 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
122 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
125 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
126 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
127 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
128 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
129 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
130 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
131 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
132 that as you will get better support.
134 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
135 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
136 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
137 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
139 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
140 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
141 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
142 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
146 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
147 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
148 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
149 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
150 be adjusted as necessary.
153 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
154 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
155 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
156 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
159 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
160 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
161 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
162 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
166 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
167 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
168 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
169 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
173 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
174 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
175 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
176 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
177 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
178 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
181 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
182 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
183 default since FreeBSD-11.
186 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
187 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
188 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
191 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
192 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
193 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
194 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
195 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
196 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
197 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
199 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
200 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
203 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
204 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
205 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
206 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
207 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
208 may not be observed in a future release.
211 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
212 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
216 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
217 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
218 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
219 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
222 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
223 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
224 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
225 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
229 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
230 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
231 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
234 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
235 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
236 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
237 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
238 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
241 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
242 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
243 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
244 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
245 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
246 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
249 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
250 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
251 setup a framebuffer for us to use, just add :
255 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
256 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
257 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
260 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
261 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
262 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
263 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
264 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
265 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
266 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
267 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
268 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
269 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
273 Big endian arm support has been removed.
276 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
277 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
278 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
279 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
280 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
283 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
284 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
285 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
286 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
287 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
288 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
291 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
292 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
295 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
296 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
297 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
298 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
299 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
300 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
301 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
304 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
305 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
306 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
310 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
311 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
312 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
315 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
316 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
319 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
320 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
324 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
325 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
326 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
327 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
330 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
331 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
332 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
336 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
337 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
338 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
342 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
343 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
344 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
345 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
346 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
347 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
350 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
351 workaround is necessary.
354 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
355 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
356 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
357 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
360 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
361 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
362 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
363 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
364 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
367 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
368 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
369 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
370 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
373 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
374 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
375 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
379 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
380 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
384 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
385 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
389 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
390 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
391 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
392 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
393 microseconds and time zone offsets.
395 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
396 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
397 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
398 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
399 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
400 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
401 adjustments, depending on the software used.
403 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
404 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
407 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
410 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
411 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
412 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
414 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
416 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
417 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
418 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
419 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
420 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
421 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
422 thus expected to continue to function as before.
424 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
428 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
429 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
430 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
433 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
434 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
435 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
436 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
437 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
438 should be as simple as:
440 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
441 $ make depend all install
444 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
445 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
446 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
447 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
448 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
449 provisions for backup boot methods.
452 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
453 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
454 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
457 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
458 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
459 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
463 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
464 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
465 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
467 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
468 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
471 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
472 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
473 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
474 from kernel config files.
477 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
478 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
479 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
481 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
482 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
485 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
486 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
487 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
488 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
491 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
492 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
495 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
496 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
497 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
498 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
501 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
502 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
503 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
504 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
505 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
506 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
509 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
510 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
511 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
514 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
515 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
516 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
517 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
518 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
521 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
522 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
523 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
524 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
525 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
529 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
530 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
531 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
532 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
533 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
534 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
535 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
536 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
537 than hardcoding paths.
540 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
541 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
542 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
545 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
546 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
547 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
548 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
551 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
552 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
555 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
556 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
557 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
558 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
561 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
562 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
563 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
564 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
565 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
568 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
569 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
570 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
571 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
575 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
576 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
577 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
578 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
579 soft-float everything else should be affected.
582 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
583 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
586 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
587 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
591 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
592 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
596 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
597 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
598 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
599 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
601 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
602 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
603 sandbox if successful.
605 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
606 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
607 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
608 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
609 an unprivileged user.
612 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
613 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
614 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
615 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
616 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
617 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
618 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
619 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
620 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
621 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
622 to which you should answer yes.
625 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
626 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
627 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
628 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
629 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
632 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
633 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
634 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
637 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
638 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
641 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
642 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
643 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
644 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
645 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
646 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
647 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
650 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
651 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
652 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
653 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
654 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
655 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
658 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
659 if you require the GPL compiler.
662 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
663 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
664 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
667 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
668 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
669 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
673 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
674 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
675 from ports (and recommends to install it).
676 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
677 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
678 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
681 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
682 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
683 which only require one chipset support.
685 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
689 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
690 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
691 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
693 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
694 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
697 * load the chip modules in question
698 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
700 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
701 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
703 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
706 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
707 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
708 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
710 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
711 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
712 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
714 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
715 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
716 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
717 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
718 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
722 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
723 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
724 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
727 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
728 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
729 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
732 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
733 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
734 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
735 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
736 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
737 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
738 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
741 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
742 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
743 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
744 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
747 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
748 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
749 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
752 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
753 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
754 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
757 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
758 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
760 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
761 via one of the following methods:
762 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
763 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
764 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
765 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
767 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
770 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
771 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
772 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
773 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
777 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
778 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
779 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
780 be prefixed with colon.
783 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
784 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
785 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
788 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
789 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
790 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
793 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
794 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
795 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
799 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
803 MCA bus support has been removed.
806 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
807 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
810 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
811 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
814 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
815 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
816 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
819 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
820 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
821 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
824 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
825 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
826 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
829 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
830 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
831 that link against it need to be recompiled.
834 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
835 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
836 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
837 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
840 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
841 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
843 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
844 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
847 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
848 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
849 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
853 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
854 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
855 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
858 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
859 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
862 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
863 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
864 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
865 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
868 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
869 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
870 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
871 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
872 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
875 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
878 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
879 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
880 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
881 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
884 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
885 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
886 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
890 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
891 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
892 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
893 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
894 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
898 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
899 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
902 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
905 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
906 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
907 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
908 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
909 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
910 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
914 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
915 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
916 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
917 previously contained a line like
918 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
919 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
920 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
924 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
925 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
926 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
927 built with the old headers.
930 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
931 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
932 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
933 installing a new libc.
936 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
937 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
938 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
939 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
940 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
941 packages will be needed.
943 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
944 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
945 and the install steps.
948 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
949 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
950 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
951 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
952 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
953 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
956 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
957 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
958 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
959 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
960 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
962 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
963 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
964 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
965 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
966 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
968 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
969 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
970 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
971 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
972 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
973 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
976 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
977 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
978 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
979 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
983 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
984 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
985 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
988 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
989 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
992 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
993 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
994 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
995 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
996 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
997 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
998 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1002 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1003 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1004 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1008 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1009 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1010 make -C sys/boot install
1011 <reboot in single user>
1013 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1017 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1018 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1019 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1022 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1023 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1024 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1025 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1026 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1027 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1030 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1031 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1032 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1033 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1034 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1037 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1038 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1039 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1040 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1041 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1044 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1045 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1048 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1049 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1050 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1053 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1054 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1055 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1059 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1060 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1061 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1062 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1063 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1064 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1067 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1068 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1069 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1070 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1074 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1075 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1076 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1079 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1080 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1081 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1083 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1084 collation results will be different.
1086 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1087 locales before running make installworld.
1089 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1092 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1093 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1096 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1097 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1098 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1101 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1102 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1103 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1104 and 'make -N' will not.
1107 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1108 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1109 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1110 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1111 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1112 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1113 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1114 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1117 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1118 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1119 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1120 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1123 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1124 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1125 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1128 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1129 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1130 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1131 userland debug files.
1133 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1134 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1135 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1137 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1138 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1141 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1142 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1143 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1144 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1145 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1146 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1149 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1150 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1151 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1154 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1155 them, the kernel must have
1158 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1160 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1161 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1162 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1163 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1165 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1166 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1169 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1170 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1171 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1174 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1175 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1176 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1177 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1179 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1180 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1181 difference with this change.
1183 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1184 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1185 remove that workaround.
1188 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1189 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1190 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1193 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1196 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1197 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1198 loader.rc.local instead.
1201 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1202 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1203 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1206 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1207 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1208 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1210 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1211 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1214 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1215 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1216 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1217 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1218 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1219 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1220 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1221 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1222 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1223 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1224 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1225 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1228 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1229 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1231 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1232 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1233 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1235 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1236 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1238 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1239 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1240 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1242 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1243 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1244 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1245 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1247 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1248 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1249 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1250 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1252 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1253 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1254 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1255 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1256 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1257 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1258 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1259 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1263 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1264 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1267 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1268 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1271 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1272 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1273 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1274 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1275 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1278 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1279 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1280 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1281 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1284 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1285 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1286 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1287 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1288 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1289 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1290 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1292 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1293 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1294 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1295 replace it with '2'.
1296 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1297 a file path, create a new file with:
1298 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1299 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1300 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1301 5. Restart sendmail:
1302 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1304 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1308 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1309 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1310 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1311 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1314 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1317 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1318 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1319 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1322 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1323 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1326 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1327 same but content is different now
1328 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1329 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1330 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1331 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1332 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1335 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1336 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1337 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1340 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1341 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1344 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1345 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1348 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1349 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1350 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1353 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1354 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1355 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1356 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1359 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1360 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1361 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1364 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1365 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1366 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1367 kernel before rebooting.
1370 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1371 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1372 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1373 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1374 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1375 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1378 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1379 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1380 with the new kernel.
1383 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1384 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1385 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1388 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1389 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1390 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1391 are not already using 3.5.0.
1394 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1395 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1396 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1397 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1398 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1401 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1402 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1403 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1404 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1407 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1408 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1411 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1413 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1414 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1415 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1416 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1417 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1418 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1421 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1422 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1425 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1426 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1427 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1428 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1430 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1431 the instructions for 9.x above.
1433 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1434 default, and do not build clang.
1436 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1437 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1438 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1440 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1441 the following are most likely to appear:
1445 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1446 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1447 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1448 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1449 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1450 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1451 cast, or disable the warning.
1453 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1454 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1455 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1456 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1459 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1460 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1462 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1463 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1464 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1465 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1467 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1468 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1469 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1470 unreachable could be optimized away.
1473 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1474 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1475 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1476 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1477 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1478 the utilities will report errors.
1481 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1482 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1483 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1484 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1485 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1489 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1490 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1493 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1494 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1495 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1498 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1499 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1500 indicate what you need to do.
1502 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1503 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1504 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1506 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1507 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1511 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1512 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1516 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1517 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1521 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1525 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1526 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1527 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1528 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1529 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1530 their next update cycle.
1533 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1534 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1535 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1536 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1540 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1541 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1544 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1545 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1546 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1547 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1548 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1552 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1553 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1555 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1558 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1559 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1560 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1561 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1565 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1566 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1570 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1571 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1572 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1573 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1574 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1577 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1578 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1579 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1582 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1583 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1584 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1587 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1588 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1589 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1590 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1591 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1592 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1593 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1594 "make installworld".
1596 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1597 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1598 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1601 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1602 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1603 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1604 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1605 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1608 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1611 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1612 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1616 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1617 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1618 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1619 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1620 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1621 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1622 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1623 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1624 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1625 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1626 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1627 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1629 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1630 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1631 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1635 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1636 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1639 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1640 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1641 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1642 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1643 build hosts for older releases.
1645 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1646 r276991, respectively.
1649 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1650 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1651 will silently lack HESIOD.
1654 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1655 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1656 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1657 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1658 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1659 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1660 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1661 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1662 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1663 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1664 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1665 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1668 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1669 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1670 with command line option -W.
1673 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1674 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1675 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1676 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1677 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1680 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1683 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1684 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1687 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1688 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1689 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1690 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1691 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1694 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1695 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1696 kernel is still highly recommended.
1699 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1700 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1701 capability mode support in kernel.
1704 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1705 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1706 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1707 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1708 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1711 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1712 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1713 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1714 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1715 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1716 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1719 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1720 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1721 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1722 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1723 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1724 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1725 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1726 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1727 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1730 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1731 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1732 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1733 should change your settings to use the latter.
1736 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1737 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1738 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1739 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1740 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1743 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1744 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1745 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1747 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1749 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1752 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1759 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1760 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1761 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1762 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1763 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1764 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1765 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1767 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1768 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1769 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1770 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1771 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1773 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1774 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1775 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1776 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1777 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1778 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1779 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1780 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1783 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1784 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1785 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1786 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1788 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1789 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1790 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1791 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1792 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1793 should write them with this in mind.
1797 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1800 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1801 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1803 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1805 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1806 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1807 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1809 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1813 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1814 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1815 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1817 make kernel-toolchain
1818 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1819 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1821 To test a kernel once
1822 ---------------------
1823 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1824 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1825 debugging information) run
1826 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1827 nextboot -k testkernel
1829 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1830 -----------------------------------------------------------
1831 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1832 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1834 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1836 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1837 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1839 <reboot in single user> [3]
1846 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1847 --------------------------------------------------
1848 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1849 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1850 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1853 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1856 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1857 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1858 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1859 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1860 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1861 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1862 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1863 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1864 <reboot into current>
1865 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1866 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1870 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1871 ----------------------------------------------
1872 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1874 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1875 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1877 <reboot in single user> [3]
1884 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1885 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1886 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1887 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1888 the UPDATING entries.
1890 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1891 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1892 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1893 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1894 much fewer pitfalls.
1896 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1897 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1900 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1905 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1906 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1907 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1909 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1910 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1911 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1912 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1913 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1914 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1915 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1917 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
1918 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1919 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1920 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1921 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1922 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1924 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1925 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1926 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1928 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
1929 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
1930 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
1931 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
1932 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1933 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
1934 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
1936 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1937 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1939 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1940 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1941 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1943 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1944 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1945 warn if it is improperly defined.
1948 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1949 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1950 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1951 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1952 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1954 Copyright information:
1956 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
1958 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1959 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1960 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1962 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1963 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1964 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1965 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1966 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1967 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1968 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1969 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1970 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1971 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1972 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1974 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of