1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
16 13.2-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-EN-23:12.freebsd-update
17 FreeBSD-SA-23:12.msdosfs
18 FreeBSD-SA-23:13.capsicum
19 FreeBSD-SA-23:14.smccc
21 freebsd-update to 14.0 fails [EN-23:12.freebsd-update]
23 Fix msdosfs data disclosure [SA-23:12.msdosfs]
25 copy_file_range insufficient capability rights check [SA-23:13.capsicum]
27 arm64 boot CPUs may lack speculative execution protections [SA-23:14.smccc]
30 13.2-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-23:09.freebsd-update
32 FreeBSD-EN-23:11.caroot
36 freebsd-update incorrectly merges files on upgrade [EN-23:09.freebsd-update]
38 PCI-e hot-plug is broken with certain devices [EN-23:10.pci-update]
40 Root certificate bundle update [EN-23:11.caroot]
42 pf incorrectly handles multiple IPv6 fragment headers [SA-23:10.pf]
44 Wi-Fi encryption bypass [SA-23:11.wifi]
47 13.2-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-23:08.vnet
49 FreeBSD-SA-23:07.bhyve
51 FreeBSD-SA-23:09.pam_krb5
53 VNET and DCPU modules panic on arm64 due to linker relaxation [EN-23:08.vnet]
55 Remote denial of service in IPv6 fragment reassembly [SA-23:06.ipv6]
57 bhyve privileged guest escape via fwctl [SA-23:07.bhyve]
59 Potential remote code execution via ssh-agent forwarding [SA-23:08.ssh]
61 Network authentication attack via pam_krb5 [SA-23:09.pam_krb5]
64 13.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-23:06.loader
66 FreeBSD-SA-23:04.pam_krb5
68 x86 kernel console configuration [EN-23:06.loader]
70 Fix mpr(4) failure to initialize devices [EN-23:07.mpr]
72 Fix network authentication attack via pam_krb5 [SA-23:04.pam_krb5]
78 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
79 before re-compiling to avoid errors.
82 Bump __FreeBSD_verion to 1301501 after merging LinuxKPI and
83 net80211 changes in order to help out-of-tree consumers to deal
87 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
88 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
89 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
92 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
93 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
94 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
95 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1300524 to
99 Commit 18f5b477ee66 adds two arguments to VOP_ALLOCATE().
100 Normally changes to VOP calls are not MFC'd, but a
101 discussion on freebsd-current@ seemed to agree that
102 it was acceptable in this case, to fix the NFSv4.2 server.
103 Any out of source tree file system with a custom
104 VOP_ALLOCATE() call will need to be modified.
105 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300523 since the NFS modules need
106 to be rebuilt from sources.
109 Commit 6e8e261f0d4e changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
110 modules. As such, all the modules must be rebuilt from sources.
111 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1300522.
114 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300521 after merging LinuxKPI and
115 net80211 changes in order to support building various wireless
116 drivers. This is to help other external consumers of LinuxKPI
117 and net80211 to deal accordingly.
120 Commit a599f9f7620b deleted the variable called nfs_maxcopyrange
121 from nfscommon.ko, since it no longer needs to be global. As such,
122 the other nfs modules must be rebuilt from up to date sources.
123 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300516 for this.
126 As of commit 622809b0868f OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
127 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
128 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
129 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
130 application-specific configuration option for applications
131 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
134 Commits 9fb6e613373c and 9ec7dbf46b0a both changed the internal
135 KAPI between the NFS modules. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300514.
136 All NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources.
139 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
140 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
141 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
142 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
145 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300512 after merging LinuxKPI, OFED,
146 net80211, and driver changes in order to support building
147 Intel wireless iwlwifi drivers. This is especially needed for
148 drm-kmod which needs updates after this.
151 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
152 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
153 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
154 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
155 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
156 to update your sources past the above hash and do
159 % sudo -E make install
160 to enable building kernels again.
163 Commit 8a04edfdcbd2 changes the default minor version
164 used for NFSv4 mounts to the highest minor version supported
165 by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using
166 the "minorversion" mount option.
167 The consensus of a discussion on freebsd-current@ indicated
168 that this would be acceptable to do and would not be considered
172 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
173 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
176 Commit ca179c4d74f2/632e3f2f3a66 changed the package in which
177 the OpenSSL libraries and utilities are packaged.
178 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
179 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
180 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
181 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
185 Commit 841006678745 changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
186 and nfsd modules. As such, they must both be rebuilt from
188 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1300510.
191 Commit 272f39942254 changed the internal KAPI between the
192 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
193 rebuilt from sources.
196 Commit 5a45802b3c8c changed the internal KAPI between
197 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
198 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
199 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
200 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
201 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
204 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
205 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
209 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
212 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
213 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
214 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
215 since it was bumped so recently.
218 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
219 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
220 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
221 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
224 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
225 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
226 requires a clean build.
229 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
230 instructions can be found at
231 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
232 and other documents in that repo.
235 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
236 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
237 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
238 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
241 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
242 may be installed from ports or packages.
245 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
246 See ping(8) for details.
249 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
250 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
251 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
253 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
254 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
255 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
256 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
257 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
260 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
261 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
262 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
263 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
264 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
268 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
269 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
270 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
271 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
273 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
274 command you want to un-auger the tree is
277 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
278 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
281 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
282 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
283 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
284 unless you want to use new features.
286 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
287 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
288 rebuilding world may fail.
290 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
291 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
293 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
294 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
295 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
296 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
299 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
300 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
301 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
302 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
305 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
306 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
310 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
311 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
314 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
315 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
316 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
317 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
320 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
321 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
322 from sources, so a version bump was done.
325 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
326 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
327 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
328 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
331 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
332 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
333 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
334 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
335 continue to function.
337 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
338 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
339 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
340 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
343 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
344 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
345 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
346 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
347 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
348 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
349 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
352 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
353 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
356 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
357 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
358 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
361 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
362 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
363 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
364 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
366 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
367 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
368 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
369 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
373 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
374 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
375 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
376 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
379 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
380 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
383 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
384 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
385 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
386 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
387 be functional without closefrom(2).
390 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
391 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
392 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
393 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
394 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
395 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
398 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
399 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
400 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
401 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
404 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
405 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
406 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
409 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
412 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
413 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
414 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
417 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
418 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
421 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
422 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
423 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
427 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
428 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
432 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
433 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
434 together with their new kernel.
437 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
438 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
439 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
441 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
442 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
445 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
449 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
450 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
451 external toolchain package.
454 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
455 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
456 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
457 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
458 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
461 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
462 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
463 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
464 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
467 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
468 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
469 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
473 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
476 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
477 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
478 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
479 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
482 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
483 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
484 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
487 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
488 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
489 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
490 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
491 differences between those included in the port and those included in
492 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
493 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
494 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
497 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
498 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
502 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
503 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
504 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
505 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
506 add superio to the set.
509 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
510 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
513 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
514 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
515 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
516 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
517 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
518 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
519 completely in the future.
522 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
523 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
524 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
525 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
526 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
527 will be removed from the list.
530 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
531 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
532 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
533 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
536 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
537 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
538 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
539 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
542 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
543 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
544 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
545 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
548 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
549 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
550 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
553 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
554 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
555 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
556 your scripts, because they had no effect.
558 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
559 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
560 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
561 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
562 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
565 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
566 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
567 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
568 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
569 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
570 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
571 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
574 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
575 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
576 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
577 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
580 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
581 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
582 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
583 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
586 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
587 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
588 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
591 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
592 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
593 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
594 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
595 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
596 avoid running into the limit.
599 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
600 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
603 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
604 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
605 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
606 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
607 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
608 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
611 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
612 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
615 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
616 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
617 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
618 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
619 availability properties.
621 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
622 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
623 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
624 initial condition, if desired.
626 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
627 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
629 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
630 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
631 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
632 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
635 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
636 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
637 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
638 therefore unblocked).
641 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
642 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
643 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
644 is added to the command line.
645 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
646 not affected and should continue to work.
649 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
650 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
651 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
652 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
655 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
656 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
657 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
661 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
662 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
666 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
667 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
668 migrating to the drm ports.
671 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
672 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
673 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
674 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
675 is loaded automatically.
678 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
679 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
680 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
684 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
685 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
686 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
687 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
690 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
691 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
692 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
693 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
694 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
698 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
699 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
700 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
702 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
703 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
705 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
706 removed from the mips port.
709 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
710 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
711 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
715 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
716 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
719 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
720 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
721 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
722 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
725 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
726 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
727 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
730 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
731 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
732 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
736 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
737 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
738 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
740 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
741 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
742 being included using the command:
746 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
747 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
750 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
751 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
752 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
753 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
754 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
755 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
756 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
757 that as you will get better support.
759 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
760 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
761 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
762 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
764 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
765 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
766 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
767 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
771 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
772 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
773 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
774 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
775 be adjusted as necessary.
778 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
779 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
780 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
781 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
784 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
785 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
786 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
787 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
791 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
792 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
793 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
794 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
798 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
799 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
800 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
801 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
802 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
803 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
806 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
807 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
808 default since FreeBSD-11.
811 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
812 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
813 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
816 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
817 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
818 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
819 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
820 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
821 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
822 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
824 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
825 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
828 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
829 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
830 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
831 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
832 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
833 may not be observed in a future release.
836 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
837 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
841 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
842 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
843 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
844 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
847 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
848 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
849 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
850 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
854 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
855 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
856 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
859 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
860 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
861 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
862 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
863 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
866 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
867 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
868 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
869 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
870 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
871 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
874 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
875 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
876 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
880 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
881 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
882 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
885 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
886 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
887 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
888 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
889 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
890 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
891 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
892 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
893 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
894 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
898 Big endian arm support has been removed.
901 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
902 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
903 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
904 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
905 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
908 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
909 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
910 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
911 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
912 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
913 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
916 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
917 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
920 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
921 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
922 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
923 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
924 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
925 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
926 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
929 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
930 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
931 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
935 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
936 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
937 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
941 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
942 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
945 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
946 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
950 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
951 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
952 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
953 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
956 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
957 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
958 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
962 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
963 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
964 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
968 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
969 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
970 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
971 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
972 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
973 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
976 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
977 workaround is necessary.
980 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
981 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
982 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
983 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
986 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
987 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
988 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
989 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
990 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
993 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
994 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
995 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
996 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
999 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
1000 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1001 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1005 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
1006 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1010 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
1011 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1015 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1016 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1017 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1018 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1019 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1021 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1022 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1023 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1024 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1025 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1026 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1027 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1029 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1030 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1033 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1036 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1037 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1038 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1040 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1042 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1043 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1044 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1045 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1046 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1047 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1048 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1050 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1054 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1055 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1056 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1059 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1060 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1061 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1062 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1063 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1064 should be as simple as:
1066 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1067 $ make depend all install
1070 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1071 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1072 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1073 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1074 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1075 provisions for backup boot methods.
1078 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1079 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1080 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1084 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1085 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1086 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1090 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1091 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1092 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1094 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1095 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1098 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1099 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1100 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1101 remove it from kernel config files.
1104 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1105 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1106 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1108 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1109 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1112 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1113 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1114 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1115 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1118 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1119 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1122 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1123 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1124 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1125 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1128 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1129 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1130 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1131 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1132 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1133 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1136 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1137 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1138 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1141 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1142 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1143 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1144 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1145 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1148 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1149 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1150 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1151 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1152 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1156 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1157 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1158 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1159 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1160 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1161 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1162 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1163 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1164 than hardcoding paths.
1167 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1168 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1169 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1172 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1173 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1174 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1175 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1178 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1179 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1182 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1183 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1184 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1185 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1188 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1189 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1190 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1191 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1192 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1195 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1196 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1197 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1198 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1202 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1203 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1204 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1205 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1206 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1209 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1210 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1213 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1214 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1218 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1219 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1223 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1224 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1225 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1226 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1228 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1229 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1230 sandbox if successful.
1232 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1233 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1234 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1235 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1236 an unprivileged user.
1239 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1240 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1241 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1242 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1243 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1244 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1245 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1246 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1247 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1248 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1249 to which you should answer yes.
1252 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1253 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1254 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1255 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1256 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1259 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1260 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1261 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1264 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1265 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1268 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1269 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1270 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1271 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1272 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1273 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1274 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1277 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1278 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1279 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1280 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1281 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1282 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1285 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1286 if you require the GPL compiler.
1289 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1290 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1291 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1294 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1295 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1296 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1300 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1301 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1302 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1303 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1304 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1305 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1308 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1309 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1310 which only require one chipset support.
1312 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1316 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1317 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1318 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1320 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1321 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1324 * load the chip modules in question
1325 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1327 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1328 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1330 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1333 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1334 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1335 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1337 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1338 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1339 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1341 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1342 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1343 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1344 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1345 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1346 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1347 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1348 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1351 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1352 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1353 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1356 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1357 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1358 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1361 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1362 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1363 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1364 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1365 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1366 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1367 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1370 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1371 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1372 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1373 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1376 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1377 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1378 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1381 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1382 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1383 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1386 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1387 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1389 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1390 via one of the following methods:
1391 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1392 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1393 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1394 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1396 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1399 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1400 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1401 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1402 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1406 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1407 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1408 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1409 be prefixed with colon.
1412 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1413 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1414 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1417 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1418 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1419 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1422 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1423 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1424 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1428 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1432 MCA bus support has been removed.
1435 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1436 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1439 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1440 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1443 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1444 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1445 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1449 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1450 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1451 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1454 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1455 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1456 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1459 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1460 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1461 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1464 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1465 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1466 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1467 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1470 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1471 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1473 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1474 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1477 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1478 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1479 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1483 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1484 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1485 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1488 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1489 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1492 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1493 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1494 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1495 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1498 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1499 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1500 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1501 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1502 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1505 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1508 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1509 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1510 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1511 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1514 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1515 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1516 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1520 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1521 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1522 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1523 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1524 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1528 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1529 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1532 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1535 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1536 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1537 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1538 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1539 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1540 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1544 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1545 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1546 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1547 previously contained a line like
1548 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1549 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1550 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1554 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1555 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1556 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1557 built with the old headers.
1560 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1561 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1562 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1563 installing a new libc.
1566 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1567 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1568 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1569 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1570 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1571 packages will be needed.
1573 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1574 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1575 and the install steps.
1578 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1579 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1580 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1581 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1582 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1583 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1586 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1587 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1588 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1589 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1590 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1592 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1593 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1594 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1595 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1596 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1598 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1599 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1600 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1601 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1602 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1603 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1606 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1607 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1608 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1609 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1610 quirks entry to 0x3.
1613 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1614 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1615 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1618 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1619 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1622 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1623 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1624 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1625 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1626 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1627 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1628 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1629 stale .depend files.
1632 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1633 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1634 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1638 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1639 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1640 make -C sys/boot install
1641 <reboot in single user>
1643 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1647 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1648 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1649 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1652 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1653 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1654 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1655 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1656 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1657 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1660 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1661 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1662 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1663 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1664 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1667 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1668 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1669 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1670 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1671 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1674 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1675 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1678 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1679 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1680 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1683 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1684 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1685 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1689 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1690 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1691 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1692 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1693 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1694 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1697 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1698 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1699 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1700 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1704 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1705 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1706 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1709 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1710 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1711 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1713 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1714 collation results will be different.
1716 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1717 locales before running make installworld.
1719 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1722 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1723 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1726 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1727 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1728 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1731 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1732 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1733 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1734 and 'make -N' will not.
1737 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1738 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1739 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1740 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1741 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1742 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1743 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1744 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1747 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1748 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1749 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1750 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1753 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1754 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1755 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1758 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1759 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1760 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1761 userland debug files.
1763 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1764 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1765 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1767 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1768 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1771 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1772 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1773 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1774 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1775 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1776 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1779 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1780 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1781 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1784 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1785 them, the kernel must have
1788 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1790 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1791 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1792 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1793 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1795 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1796 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1799 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1800 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1801 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1804 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1805 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1806 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1807 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1809 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1810 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1811 difference with this change.
1813 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1814 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1815 remove that workaround.
1818 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1819 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1820 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1823 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1826 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1827 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1828 loader.rc.local instead.
1831 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1832 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1833 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1836 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1837 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1838 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1840 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1841 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1844 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1845 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1846 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1847 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1848 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1849 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1850 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1851 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1852 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1853 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1854 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1855 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1858 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1859 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1861 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1862 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1863 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1865 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1866 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1868 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1869 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1870 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1872 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1873 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1874 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1875 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1877 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1878 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1879 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1880 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1882 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1883 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1884 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1885 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1886 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1887 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1888 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1889 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1893 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1894 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1897 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1898 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1901 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1902 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1903 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1904 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1905 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1908 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1909 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1910 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1911 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1914 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1915 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1916 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1917 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1918 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1919 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1920 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1922 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1923 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1924 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1925 replace it with '2'.
1926 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1927 a file path, create a new file with:
1928 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1929 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1930 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1931 5. Restart sendmail:
1932 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1934 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1938 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1939 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1940 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1941 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1944 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1947 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1948 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1949 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1952 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1953 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1956 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1957 same but content is different now
1958 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1959 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1960 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1961 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1962 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1965 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1966 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1967 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1970 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1971 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1974 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1975 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1978 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1979 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1980 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1983 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1984 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1985 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1986 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1989 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1990 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1991 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1994 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1995 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1996 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1997 kernel before rebooting.
2000 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
2001 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
2002 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
2003 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
2004 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
2005 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
2008 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
2009 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
2010 with the new kernel.
2013 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
2014 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
2015 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
2018 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
2019 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
2020 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
2021 are not already using 3.5.0.
2024 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2025 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2026 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2027 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2028 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2031 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2032 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
2033 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2034 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2037 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2038 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2041 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2043 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2044 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2045 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2046 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2047 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2048 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2051 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2052 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2055 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2056 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2057 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2058 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2060 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2061 the instructions for 9.x above.
2063 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2064 default, and do not build clang.
2066 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2067 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2068 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2070 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2071 the following are most likely to appear:
2075 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2076 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2077 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2078 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2079 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2080 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2081 cast, or disable the warning.
2083 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2084 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2085 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2086 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2089 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2090 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2092 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2093 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2094 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2095 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2097 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2098 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2099 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2100 unreachable could be optimized away.
2103 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2104 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2105 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2106 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2107 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2108 the utilities will report errors.
2111 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2112 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2113 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2114 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2115 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2119 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2120 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2123 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2124 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2125 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2128 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2129 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2130 indicate what you need to do.
2132 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2133 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2134 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2136 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2137 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2141 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2142 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2146 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2147 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2151 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2155 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2156 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2157 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2158 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2159 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2160 their next update cycle.
2163 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2164 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2165 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2166 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2170 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2171 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2174 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2175 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2176 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2177 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2178 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2182 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2183 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2185 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2188 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2189 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2190 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2191 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2195 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2196 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2200 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2201 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2202 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2203 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2204 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2207 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2208 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2209 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2212 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2213 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2214 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2217 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2218 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2219 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2220 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2221 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2222 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2223 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2224 "make installworld".
2226 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2227 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2228 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2231 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2232 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2233 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2234 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2235 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2238 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2241 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2242 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2246 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2247 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2248 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2249 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2250 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2251 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2252 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2253 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2254 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2255 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2256 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2257 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2259 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2260 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2261 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2265 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2266 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2269 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2270 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2271 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2272 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2273 build hosts for older releases.
2275 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2276 r276991, respectively.
2279 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2280 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2281 will silently lack HESIOD.
2284 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2285 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2286 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2287 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2288 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2289 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2290 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2291 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2292 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2293 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2294 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2295 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2298 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2299 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2300 with command line option -W.
2303 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2304 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2305 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2306 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2307 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2310 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2313 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2314 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2317 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2318 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2319 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2320 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2321 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2324 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2325 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2326 kernel is still highly recommended.
2329 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2330 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2331 capability mode support in kernel.
2334 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2335 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2336 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2337 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2338 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2341 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2342 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2343 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2344 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2345 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2346 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2349 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2350 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2351 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2352 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2353 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2354 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2355 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2356 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2357 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2360 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2361 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2362 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2363 should change your settings to use the latter.
2366 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2367 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2368 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2369 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2370 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2373 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2374 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2375 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2377 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2379 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2382 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2389 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2390 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2391 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2392 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2393 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2394 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2395 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2396 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2398 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2399 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2400 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2401 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2402 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2403 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2404 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2405 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2408 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2409 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2410 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2411 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2414 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2415 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2416 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2417 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2419 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2420 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2421 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2422 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2423 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2424 should write them with this in mind.
2428 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2431 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2432 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2434 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2436 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2437 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2438 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2439 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2442 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2446 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2447 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2448 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2450 make kernel-toolchain
2451 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2452 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2454 To test a kernel once
2455 ---------------------
2456 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2457 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2458 debugging information) run
2459 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2460 nextboot -k testkernel
2462 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2463 -----------------------------------------------------------
2464 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2465 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2467 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2469 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2470 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2472 <reboot in single user> [3]
2479 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2480 --------------------------------------------------
2481 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2482 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2483 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2486 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2489 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2490 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2491 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2492 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2493 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2494 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2495 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2496 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2497 <reboot into current>
2498 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2499 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2503 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2504 ----------------------------------------------
2505 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2507 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2508 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2510 <reboot in single user> [3]
2517 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2518 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2519 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2520 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2521 the UPDATING entries.
2523 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2524 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2525 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2526 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2527 much fewer pitfalls.
2529 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2530 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2531 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2532 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2533 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2534 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2535 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2536 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2538 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2540 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2544 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2545 cd src # full path to source
2546 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2547 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2548 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2550 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2551 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2552 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2553 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2554 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2555 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2556 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2558 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2559 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2560 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2561 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2562 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2563 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2565 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2566 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2567 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2569 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2570 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2571 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2572 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2573 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2574 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2575 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2576 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2578 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2579 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2580 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2583 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2584 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2585 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2587 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2588 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2589 warn if it is improperly defined.
2592 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2593 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2594 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2595 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2596 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2598 Copyright information:
2600 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2602 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2603 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2604 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2606 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2607 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2608 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2609 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2610 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2611 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2612 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2613 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2614 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2615 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2616 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2618 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of