1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW:
20 FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
35 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
36 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
37 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
40 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
41 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
44 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
45 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
46 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
47 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
50 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
51 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
52 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
53 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
54 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
57 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
60 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
61 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
62 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
63 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
66 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
67 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
68 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
72 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
73 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
74 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
75 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
76 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
80 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
81 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
84 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
85 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
86 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
87 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
88 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
89 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
93 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
94 This will effect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
95 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
96 previously contained a line like
97 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
98 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
99 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
103 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
104 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
105 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
106 built with the old headers.
109 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
110 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
111 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
112 installing a new libc.
115 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
116 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
117 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
118 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
119 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
120 packages will be needed.
122 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
123 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
124 and the install steps.
127 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
128 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
129 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
130 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
131 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
132 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
135 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
136 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
137 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
138 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
139 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
141 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
142 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
143 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
144 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
145 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
147 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
148 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
149 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
150 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
151 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
152 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
155 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
156 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
157 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
158 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
162 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
163 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
164 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
167 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
168 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
171 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
172 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
173 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
174 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
175 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
176 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
177 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
181 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
182 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
183 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
187 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
188 make -C sys/boot install
189 <reboot in single user>
191 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
195 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
196 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
197 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
200 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
201 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
202 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
203 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
204 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
205 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
208 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
209 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
210 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
211 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
212 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
215 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
216 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
217 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
218 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
219 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
222 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
223 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
226 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
227 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
228 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
231 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
232 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
233 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
237 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
238 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
239 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
240 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
241 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
242 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
245 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
246 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
247 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
248 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
252 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
253 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
254 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
257 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
258 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
259 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
261 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
262 collation results will be different.
264 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
265 locales before running make installworld.
267 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
270 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
271 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
274 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
275 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
276 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
279 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
280 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
281 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
282 and 'make -N' will not.
285 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
286 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
287 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
288 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
289 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
290 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
291 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
292 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
295 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
296 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
297 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
298 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
301 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
302 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
303 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
306 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
307 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
308 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
309 userland debug files.
311 When using the supported kernel installation method the
312 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
313 as is done with /boot/kernel.
315 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
316 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
319 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
320 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
321 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
322 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
323 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
324 rc.d scripts in /etc.
327 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
328 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
329 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
332 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
333 them, the kernel must have
336 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
338 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
339 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
340 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
341 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
343 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
344 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
347 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
348 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
349 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
352 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
353 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
354 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
355 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
357 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
358 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
359 difference with this change.
361 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
362 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
363 remove that workaround.
366 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
367 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
368 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
371 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
374 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
375 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
376 loader.rc.local instead.
379 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
380 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
381 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
384 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
385 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
386 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
388 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
389 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
392 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
393 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
394 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
395 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
396 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
397 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
398 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
399 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
400 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
401 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
402 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
403 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
406 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
407 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
409 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
410 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
411 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
413 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
414 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
416 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
417 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
418 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
420 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
421 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
422 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
423 and it is assumed you know what you need.
425 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
426 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
427 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
428 behaviour from your security subsystems.
430 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
431 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
432 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
433 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
434 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
435 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
436 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
437 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
441 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
442 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717.
445 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
446 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
449 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
450 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work
451 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
452 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
453 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
456 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
457 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
458 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
459 with Kyuafile and kyua.
462 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
463 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
464 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
465 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
466 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
467 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
468 2048 bit DH parameter by:
470 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
471 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
472 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
474 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
475 a file path, create a new file with:
476 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
477 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
478 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
480 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
482 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
486 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
487 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
488 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
489 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
492 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
495 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
496 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
497 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
500 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
501 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
504 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
505 same but content is different now
506 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
507 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
508 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
509 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
510 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
513 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
514 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
515 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
518 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
519 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
522 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
523 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
526 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
527 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
528 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
531 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
532 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
533 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
534 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
537 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
538 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
539 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
542 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
543 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
544 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
545 kernel before rebooting.
548 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
549 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
550 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
551 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
552 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
553 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
556 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
557 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
561 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
562 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
563 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
566 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
567 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
568 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
569 are not already using 3.5.0.
572 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
573 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
574 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
575 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
576 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
579 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
580 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
581 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
582 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
585 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
586 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
589 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
591 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
592 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
593 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
594 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
595 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
596 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
599 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
600 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
603 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
604 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
605 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
606 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
608 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
609 the instructions for 9.x above.
611 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
612 default, and do not build clang.
614 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
615 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
616 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
618 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
619 the following are most likely to appear:
623 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
624 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
625 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
626 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
627 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
628 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
629 cast, or disable the warning.
631 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
632 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
633 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
634 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
637 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
638 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
640 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
641 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
642 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
643 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
645 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
646 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
647 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
648 unreachable could be optimized away.
651 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
652 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
653 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
654 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
655 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
656 the utilities will report errors.
659 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
660 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
661 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
662 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
663 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
667 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
668 has been obsolete for a very long time.
671 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
672 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
673 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
676 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
677 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
678 indicate what you need to do.
680 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
681 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
682 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
684 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
685 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
689 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
690 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
694 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
695 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
699 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
703 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
704 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
705 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
706 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
707 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
708 their next update cycle.
711 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
712 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
713 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
714 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
718 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
719 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
722 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
723 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
724 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
725 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
726 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
730 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
731 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
733 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
736 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
737 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
738 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
739 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
743 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
744 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
748 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
749 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
750 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
751 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
752 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
755 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
756 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
757 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
760 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
761 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
762 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
765 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
766 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
767 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
768 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
769 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
770 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
771 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
774 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
775 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
776 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
779 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
780 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
781 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
782 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
783 be removed during a clean upgrade.
786 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
789 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
790 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
794 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
795 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
796 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
797 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
798 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
799 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
800 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
801 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
802 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
803 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
804 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
805 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
807 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
808 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
809 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
813 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
814 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
817 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
818 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
819 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
820 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
821 build hosts for older releases.
823 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
824 r276991, respectively.
827 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
828 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
829 will silently lack HESIOD.
832 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
833 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
834 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
835 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
836 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
837 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
838 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
839 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
840 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
841 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
842 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
843 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
846 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
847 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
848 with command line option -W.
851 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
852 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
853 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
854 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
855 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
858 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
861 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
862 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
865 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
866 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
867 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
868 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
869 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
872 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
873 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
874 kernel is still highly recommended.
877 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
878 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
879 capability mode support in kernel.
882 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
883 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
884 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
885 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
886 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
889 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
890 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
891 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
892 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
893 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
894 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
897 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
898 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
899 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
900 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
901 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
902 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
903 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
904 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
905 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
908 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
909 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
910 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
911 should change your settings to use the latter.
914 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
915 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
916 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
917 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
918 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
921 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
922 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
923 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
925 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
927 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
930 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
934 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
935 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
936 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
937 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
938 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
939 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
941 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
942 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
943 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
944 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
945 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
946 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
948 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
949 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
953 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
954 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
955 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
956 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
958 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
959 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
960 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
961 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
964 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
965 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
966 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
969 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
970 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
971 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
972 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
975 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
976 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
977 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
981 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
982 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
983 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
987 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
988 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
989 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
990 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
991 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
992 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
995 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
996 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
997 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1000 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1001 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1002 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1005 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
1006 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1007 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1008 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1009 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1010 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1013 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1014 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
1015 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1017 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1018 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
1019 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1020 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1021 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1024 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1025 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
1026 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1027 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1028 to r253970 or later.
1031 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1032 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1033 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1036 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1038 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1039 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1040 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1041 old as well as the new version of find.
1044 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1045 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1046 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1047 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1048 subdirectories must be reviewed.
1051 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1052 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1053 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1055 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1057 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1058 users are advised to upgrade.
1061 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1062 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1065 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1066 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1067 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1070 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1071 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1072 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1073 write access to that file.
1076 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
1077 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1080 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1082 make: illegal option -- J
1083 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1085 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
1087 this likely due to an old instance of make in
1088 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1089 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1090 you see the above error:
1092 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1097 Use bmake by default.
1098 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1099 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1100 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1102 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1103 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1104 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1105 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1106 behavior in parallel build.
1109 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1112 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1113 the IDEA patent expired.
1116 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1117 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1121 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1122 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1123 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1124 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1125 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1126 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1127 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1131 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1132 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
1133 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1134 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1138 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1139 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1140 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1141 binaries will not work on older kernels.
1144 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1145 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1148 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1149 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1150 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1151 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1154 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1155 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1156 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1157 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1158 in /boot/loader.conf.
1161 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1162 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1163 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1164 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
1165 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1168 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
1169 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1171 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1172 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1175 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1176 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1177 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1178 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1179 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1182 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1183 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1184 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1185 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1186 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1190 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1191 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
1192 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1193 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1194 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
1195 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1196 use is expected to be extremely rare.
1199 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1200 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1201 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1204 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1205 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1206 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1210 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
1211 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1212 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1217 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1218 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1219 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1222 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1223 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1224 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1225 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1226 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1227 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1230 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1231 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1232 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1233 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
1234 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1235 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1236 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1240 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1241 functionality now turned on by default.
1244 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1245 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1246 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1247 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1248 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1249 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1250 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1251 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1252 of the two kernel options.
1255 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1256 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1257 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1258 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1261 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1262 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1266 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1267 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1268 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1271 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1272 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1273 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1274 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1275 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1278 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1279 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1280 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1281 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1284 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1287 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1288 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1289 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1293 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1294 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1298 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1299 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
1300 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1303 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1304 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1305 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1306 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1307 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1311 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1312 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1315 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1316 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1317 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1318 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1322 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1323 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1324 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1327 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
1328 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
1329 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1332 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1333 with other variables:
1334 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1335 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1338 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
1339 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1340 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
1341 installed as "bsdsort".
1344 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1345 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1346 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1347 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1348 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1349 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1350 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1351 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1352 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1355 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1356 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
1357 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1358 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1359 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
1360 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1364 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
1365 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
1366 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1367 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
1368 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1369 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1370 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1373 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1377 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
1378 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1379 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1380 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1381 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1382 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1385 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1386 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1387 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
1388 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1389 comes from 20111215.
1392 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
1393 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1394 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1395 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1397 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1398 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1401 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1402 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1403 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1405 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1408 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1409 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1410 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1411 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1412 not supported anymore.
1414 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1415 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1416 need to be recompiled.
1419 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1423 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1424 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1425 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1429 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1430 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1433 sysinstall has been removed
1436 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1437 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1443 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1444 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1445 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1446 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1447 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1448 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1449 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1451 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1452 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1453 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1454 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1455 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1457 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1458 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1459 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1460 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1461 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1463 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1464 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1465 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1466 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1468 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1469 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1470 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1471 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1472 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1473 should write them with this in mind.
1477 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1480 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1481 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1483 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1485 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1486 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1487 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1489 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1493 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1494 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1495 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1497 make kernel-toolchain
1498 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1499 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1501 To test a kernel once
1502 ---------------------
1503 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1504 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1505 debugging information) run
1506 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1507 nextboot -k testkernel
1509 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1510 --------------------------------------------------------------
1511 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1512 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1513 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1515 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1516 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1517 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1522 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1524 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1525 -----------------------------------------------------------
1526 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1527 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1529 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1531 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1533 <reboot in single user> [3]
1540 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1541 --------------------------------------------------
1542 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1543 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1544 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1547 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1550 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1551 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1552 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1553 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1554 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1555 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1556 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1557 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1558 <reboot into current>
1559 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1560 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1564 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1565 ----------------------------------------------
1566 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1568 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1570 <reboot in single user> [3]
1577 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1578 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1579 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1580 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1581 the UPDATING entries.
1583 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1584 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1585 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1586 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1587 much fewer pitfalls.
1589 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1590 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1593 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1598 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1599 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1600 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1602 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1603 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1604 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1605 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1606 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1607 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1608 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1610 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1611 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1612 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1613 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1614 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1615 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1617 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1618 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1619 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1621 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1622 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1623 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1624 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1625 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1626 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1628 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1629 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1631 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1632 cvs prune empty directories.
1634 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1635 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1636 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1638 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1639 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1640 warn if it is improperly defined.
1643 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1644 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1645 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1646 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1647 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1649 Copyright information:
1651 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1653 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1654 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1655 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1657 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1658 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1659 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1660 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1661 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1662 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1663 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1664 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1665 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1666 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1667 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1669 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of