1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
20 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
21 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
22 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
25 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
26 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
27 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
28 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
29 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
30 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
31 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
34 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
35 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
36 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
37 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
38 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
44 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
45 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
46 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
47 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
48 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
49 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
50 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
51 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
55 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
56 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
57 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
58 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
59 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
61 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
62 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
63 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
65 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
68 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
69 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
70 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
71 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
74 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
75 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
76 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
77 be modified accordingly.
80 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
81 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
82 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
88 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
89 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
92 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
93 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
96 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
97 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
98 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
105 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
106 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
107 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
110 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
111 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
112 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
115 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
116 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
117 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
118 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
119 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
122 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
123 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
124 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
125 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
126 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
129 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
130 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
131 configurations may need to be adjusted.
134 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
135 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
136 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
137 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
140 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
141 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
142 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
143 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
146 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
147 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
148 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
149 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
152 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
153 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
154 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
157 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
158 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
159 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
160 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
161 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
162 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
163 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
164 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
165 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
167 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
168 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
169 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
170 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
171 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
174 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
175 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
176 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
177 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
178 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
181 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
182 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
186 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
190 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
191 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
192 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
195 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
196 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
199 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
200 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
204 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
205 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
207 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
210 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
214 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
215 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
218 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
220 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
223 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
224 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
225 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
226 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
227 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
228 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
231 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
232 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
235 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
237 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
240 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
241 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
242 data to /etc/localtime.
245 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
246 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
249 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
250 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
251 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
252 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
253 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
254 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
257 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
258 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
259 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
260 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
261 correctly checking networking state from userland.
262 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
265 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
266 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
267 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
268 follows the IPv4 implementation.
270 For kernel developers:
272 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
273 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
274 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
276 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
277 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
278 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
279 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
281 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
282 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
283 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
284 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
285 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
286 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
287 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
288 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
289 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
290 multicast membership on-link.
291 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
292 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
293 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
295 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
296 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
298 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
299 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
302 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
303 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
304 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
305 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
307 For application developers:
309 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
312 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
313 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
315 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
316 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
317 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
318 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
320 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
321 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
322 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
323 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
324 Multicast Source Filters'.
326 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
328 For systems administrators:
330 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
331 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
332 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
333 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
334 returned by getifaddrs(3).
336 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
337 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
339 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
340 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
341 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
342 recommended for optimal system performance.
344 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
345 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
346 back forwarded datagrams.
348 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
351 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
352 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
355 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
356 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
357 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
358 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
361 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
362 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
363 state will require a world rebuild.
364 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
367 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
368 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
369 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
372 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
373 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
374 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
375 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
377 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
380 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
381 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
382 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
383 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
384 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
385 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
386 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
387 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
390 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
391 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
392 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
395 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
396 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
397 introduces some changes:
399 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
400 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
401 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
403 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
404 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
405 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
406 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
408 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
409 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
410 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
413 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
416 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
417 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
421 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
422 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
423 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
424 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
425 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
428 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
429 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
430 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
431 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
435 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
436 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
437 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
438 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
441 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
442 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
445 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
446 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
448 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
449 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
450 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
452 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
453 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
454 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
455 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
456 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
457 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
458 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
459 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
461 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
462 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
463 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
464 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
465 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
466 to preserve the existing behaviour.
468 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
469 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
470 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
471 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
472 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
474 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
475 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
476 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
479 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
480 recompiled to reflect this.
481 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
484 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
485 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
486 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
487 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
488 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
489 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
492 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
493 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
494 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
495 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
496 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
497 raised to allow such segments to be created.
500 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
501 network device driver modules.
504 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
505 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
508 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
509 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
510 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
511 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
512 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
516 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
517 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
518 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
522 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
523 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
525 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
526 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
527 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
530 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
531 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
532 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
533 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
534 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
535 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
537 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
538 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
540 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
541 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
544 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
545 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
546 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
549 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
550 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
551 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
552 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
556 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
557 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
560 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
561 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
562 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
563 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
564 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
565 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
568 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
569 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
570 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
571 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
574 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
575 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
576 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
577 in next mpd5.3 release.
580 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
581 the base system (it was a port).
584 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
585 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
588 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
589 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
590 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
591 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
592 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
593 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
594 none of the L2 information.
597 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
598 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
600 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
602 to their kernel config files when specifying:
606 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
607 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
608 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
609 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
612 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
613 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
614 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
615 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
616 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
620 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
621 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
622 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
623 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
626 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
629 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
630 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
631 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
632 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
633 controller add the following to loader.conf:
639 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
640 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
644 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
645 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
646 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
647 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
648 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
649 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
650 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
653 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
654 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
655 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
656 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
657 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
660 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
666 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
668 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
669 cause compilation to fail.
672 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
675 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
677 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
678 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
679 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
680 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
681 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
682 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
683 accepting the RSA key.
685 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
686 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
689 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
690 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
691 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
695 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
696 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
697 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
699 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
700 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
701 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
702 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
703 use the new device names.
705 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
706 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
707 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
708 at the loader prompt:
710 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
711 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
712 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
713 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
717 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
721 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
722 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
723 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
724 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
727 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
728 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
731 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
732 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
733 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
734 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
735 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
738 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
739 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
740 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
741 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
743 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
746 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
747 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
748 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
749 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
751 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
752 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
753 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
756 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
757 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
758 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
759 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
760 other operation levels.
763 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
764 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
765 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
766 compatibility with any prior release:
768 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
769 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
770 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
773 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
774 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
775 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
776 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
777 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
781 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
782 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
783 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
784 with older hardware easier to do.
787 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
788 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
791 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
792 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
793 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
797 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
801 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
802 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
803 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
804 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
805 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
806 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
807 third-party software might fail to build after this change
808 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
809 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
810 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
811 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
812 case that a portable fix is impossible.
815 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
816 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
817 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
820 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
821 functionality is the default now.
824 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
825 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
826 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
827 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
828 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
830 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
831 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
832 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
835 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
836 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
837 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
838 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
839 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
840 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
841 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
842 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
843 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
844 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
848 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
849 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
851 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
852 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
853 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
859 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
860 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
863 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
864 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
865 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
866 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
867 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
870 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
871 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
872 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
873 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
877 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
878 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
879 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
882 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
883 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
884 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
887 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
888 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
889 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
890 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
891 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
894 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
895 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
896 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
897 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
898 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
899 will change after some settling time.
902 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
903 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
907 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
908 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
912 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
913 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
914 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
915 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
918 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
919 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
920 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
921 the IPv4 network stack.
923 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
924 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
925 has now been removed.
927 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
928 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
929 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
930 updated to reflect this.
932 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
933 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
937 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
938 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
939 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
940 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
941 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
942 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
943 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
944 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
945 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
946 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
950 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
951 function and starts providing an account management function.
952 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
953 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
954 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
956 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
958 and change it according to this example:
960 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
962 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
963 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
964 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
965 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
968 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
969 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
970 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
971 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
974 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
975 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
976 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
977 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
978 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
979 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
983 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
984 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
985 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
986 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
987 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
988 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
989 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
991 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
992 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
993 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
996 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
997 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
998 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
999 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1002 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1003 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1006 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1007 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1008 base operating system should be recompiled.
1011 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1012 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1013 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1014 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1015 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1018 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1019 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1020 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1021 deprecated in previous releases.
1022 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1023 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1026 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1027 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1028 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1029 sync. For more info:
1030 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1033 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1034 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1035 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1036 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1039 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1040 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1041 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1042 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1043 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1044 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1045 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1046 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1047 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1050 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1051 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1052 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1053 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1054 ip_mroute.ko module.
1057 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1058 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1059 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1061 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1062 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1063 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1066 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1067 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1068 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1069 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1070 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1074 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1075 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1076 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1077 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1078 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1081 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1082 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1083 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1084 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1087 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1088 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1089 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1090 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1094 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1095 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1096 with exceptions of followings:
1097 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1098 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1099 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1100 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1101 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1102 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1103 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1104 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1107 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1108 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1109 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1110 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1111 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1112 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1114 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1116 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1117 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1118 the array the same way you built it originally.
1121 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1122 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1123 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1124 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1125 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1126 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1127 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1130 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1131 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1132 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1133 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1134 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1137 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1138 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1139 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1140 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1141 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1144 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1145 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1146 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1147 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1148 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1149 added to 'struct proc'.
1152 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1155 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1156 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1157 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1158 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1159 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1162 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1165 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1166 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1167 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1170 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1173 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1174 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1175 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1178 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1179 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1180 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1181 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1182 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1185 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1186 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1187 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1188 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1191 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1192 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1196 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1197 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1198 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1199 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1200 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1203 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1204 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1205 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1206 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1207 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1208 `make installworld' with:
1210 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1212 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1213 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1214 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1215 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1218 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1219 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1220 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1221 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1225 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1226 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1227 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1228 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1229 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1230 implements the interface to support it.
1233 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1234 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1235 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1236 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1240 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1241 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1242 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1243 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1244 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1245 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1246 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1247 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1248 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1250 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1253 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1254 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1257 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1258 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1259 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1260 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1264 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1265 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1266 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1269 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1270 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1273 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1274 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1275 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1276 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1277 on your next install.
1278 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1279 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1280 to your /etc/make.conf.
1283 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1284 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1285 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1288 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1289 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1290 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1293 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1294 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1297 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1298 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1299 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1300 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1303 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1304 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1305 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1308 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1309 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1310 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1314 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1315 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1316 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1317 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1318 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1319 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1320 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1321 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1324 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1325 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1326 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1329 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1330 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1333 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1334 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1337 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1338 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1339 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1342 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1343 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1344 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1345 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1346 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1347 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1351 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1352 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1355 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1356 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1359 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1360 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1361 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1362 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1366 RELENG_6 branched here.
1369 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1370 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1371 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1372 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1373 removable_interfaces.
1376 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1377 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1378 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1379 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1380 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1381 affect existing configurations.
1384 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1385 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1386 updated to the new APIs.
1389 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1390 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1391 will not behave correctly.
1393 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1394 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1395 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1398 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1399 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1400 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1401 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1402 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1404 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1405 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1409 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1410 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1413 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1414 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1415 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1416 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1417 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1418 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1419 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1422 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1423 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1424 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1425 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1428 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1429 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1430 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1433 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1434 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1435 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1439 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1440 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1441 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1442 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1445 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1446 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1447 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1448 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1449 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1450 none at this point.)
1453 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1454 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1457 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1458 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1459 with the new kernel.
1462 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1463 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1464 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1467 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1468 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1469 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1470 if you have updated the kernel.
1472 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1473 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1474 mounting the new volume.
1477 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1478 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1479 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1480 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1483 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1484 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1487 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1488 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1489 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1490 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1491 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1492 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1495 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1496 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1497 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1498 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1499 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1502 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1503 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1504 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1505 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1506 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1507 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1508 and wlan_xauth as required.
1511 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1512 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1513 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1514 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1518 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1519 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1520 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1521 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1522 the module when a wep key is configured).
1525 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1526 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1527 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1530 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1531 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1534 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1535 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1536 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1537 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1538 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1539 their /etc/rc scripts.
1542 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1545 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1546 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1547 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1550 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1551 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1552 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1555 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1556 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1562 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1563 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1564 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1565 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1566 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1567 on the -current branch).
1569 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1570 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1571 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1572 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1573 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1574 page for more details.
1576 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1577 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1578 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1579 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1580 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1585 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1588 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1589 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1591 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1593 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1594 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1595 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1597 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1601 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1602 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1603 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1605 make kernel-toolchain
1606 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1607 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1609 To test a kernel once
1610 ---------------------
1611 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1612 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1613 debugging information) run
1614 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1615 nextboot -k testkernel
1617 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1618 --------------------------------------------------------------
1619 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1620 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1621 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1623 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1624 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1625 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1630 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1632 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1633 -----------------------------------------------------------
1634 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1635 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1637 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1639 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1641 <reboot in single user> [3]
1649 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1650 --------------------------------------------------
1651 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1652 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1653 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1656 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1659 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1660 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1661 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1662 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1663 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1664 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1665 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1666 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1667 <reboot into current>
1668 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1669 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1673 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1674 ----------------------------------------------
1675 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1677 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1679 <reboot in single user> [3]
1686 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1687 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1688 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1689 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1690 the UPDATING entries.
1692 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1693 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1694 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1695 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1696 much fewer pitfalls.
1698 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1699 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1702 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1707 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1708 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1709 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1711 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1712 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1713 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1714 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1715 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1716 for potential gotchas.
1718 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1719 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1720 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1721 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1722 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1723 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1725 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1726 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1727 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1728 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1729 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1731 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1732 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1734 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1735 cvs prune empty directories.
1737 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1738 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1739 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1741 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1742 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1743 warn if it is improperly defined.
1746 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1747 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1748 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1749 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1751 Copyright information:
1753 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1755 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1756 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1757 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1759 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1760 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1761 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1762 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1763 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1764 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1765 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1766 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1767 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1768 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1769 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1771 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1774 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of