1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
19 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
20 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
21 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
25 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
26 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
27 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
30 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
31 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
32 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
33 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
36 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
37 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
38 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
41 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
42 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
43 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
44 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
45 differences between those included in the port and those included in
46 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
47 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
48 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
51 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
52 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
56 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
57 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
58 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
59 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
60 add superio to the set.
63 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
64 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
67 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
68 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
69 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
70 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
71 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
72 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
73 completely in the future.
76 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
77 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
78 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
79 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
80 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
81 will be removed from the list.
84 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
85 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
86 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
87 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
90 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
91 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
92 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
93 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
96 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
97 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
98 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
99 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
102 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
103 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
104 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
107 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
108 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
109 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
110 your scripts, because they had no effect.
112 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
113 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
114 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
115 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
116 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
119 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
120 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
121 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
122 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
123 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
124 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
125 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
128 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
129 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
130 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
131 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
134 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
135 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
136 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
137 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
140 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
141 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
142 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
145 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
146 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
147 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
148 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
149 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
150 avoid running into the limit.
153 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
154 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
157 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
158 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
159 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
160 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
161 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
162 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
165 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
166 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
169 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
170 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
171 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
172 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
173 availability properties.
175 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
176 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
177 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
178 initial condition, if desired.
180 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
181 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
183 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
184 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
185 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
186 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
189 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
190 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
191 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
192 therefore unblocked).
195 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
196 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
197 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
198 is added to the command line.
199 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
200 not affected and should continue to work.
203 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
204 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
205 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
206 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
209 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
210 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
211 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
215 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
216 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
220 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
221 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
222 migrating to the drm ports.
225 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
226 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
227 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
228 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
229 is loaded automatically.
232 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
233 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
234 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
238 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
239 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
240 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
241 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
244 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
245 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
246 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
247 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
248 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
252 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
253 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
254 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
256 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
257 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
259 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
260 removed from the mips port.
263 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
264 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
265 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
269 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
270 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
273 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
274 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
275 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
276 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
279 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
280 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
281 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
284 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
285 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
286 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
290 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
291 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
292 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
294 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
295 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
296 being included using the command:
300 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
301 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
304 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
305 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
306 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
307 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
308 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
309 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
310 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
311 that as you will get better support.
313 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
314 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
315 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
316 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
318 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
319 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
320 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
321 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
325 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
326 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
327 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
328 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
329 be adjusted as necessary.
332 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
333 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
334 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
335 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
338 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
339 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
340 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
341 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
345 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
346 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
347 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
348 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
352 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
353 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
354 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
355 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
356 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
357 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
360 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
361 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
362 default since FreeBSD-11.
365 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
366 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
367 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
370 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
371 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
372 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
373 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
374 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
375 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
376 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
378 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
379 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
382 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
383 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
384 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
385 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
386 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
387 may not be observed in a future release.
390 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
391 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
395 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
396 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
397 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
398 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
401 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
402 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
403 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
404 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
408 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
409 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
410 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
413 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
414 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
415 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
416 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
417 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
420 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
421 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
422 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
423 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
424 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
425 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
428 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
429 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
430 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
434 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
435 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
436 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
439 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
440 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
441 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
442 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
443 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
444 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
445 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
446 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
447 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
448 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
452 Big endian arm support has been removed.
455 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
456 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
457 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
458 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
459 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
462 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
463 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
464 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
465 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
466 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
467 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
470 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
471 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
474 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
475 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
476 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
477 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
478 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
479 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
480 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
483 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
484 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
485 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
489 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
490 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
491 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
495 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
496 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
499 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
500 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
504 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
505 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
506 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
507 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
510 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
511 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
512 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
516 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
517 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
518 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
522 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
523 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
524 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
525 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
526 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
527 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
530 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
531 workaround is necessary.
534 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
535 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
536 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
537 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
540 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
541 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
542 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
543 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
544 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
547 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
548 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
549 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
550 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
553 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
554 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
555 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
559 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
560 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
564 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
565 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
569 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
570 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
571 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
572 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
573 microseconds and time zone offsets.
575 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
576 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
577 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
578 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
579 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
580 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
581 adjustments, depending on the software used.
583 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
584 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
587 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
590 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
591 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
592 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
594 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
596 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
597 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
598 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
599 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
600 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
601 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
602 thus expected to continue to function as before.
604 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
608 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
609 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
610 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
613 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
614 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
615 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
616 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
617 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
618 should be as simple as:
620 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
621 $ make depend all install
624 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
625 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
626 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
627 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
628 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
629 provisions for backup boot methods.
632 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
633 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
634 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
638 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
639 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
640 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
644 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
645 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
646 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
648 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
649 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
652 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
653 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
654 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
655 remove it from kernel config files.
658 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
659 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
660 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
662 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
663 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
666 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
667 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
668 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
669 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
672 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
673 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
676 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
677 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
678 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
679 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
682 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
683 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
684 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
685 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
686 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
687 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
690 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
691 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
692 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
695 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
696 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
697 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
698 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
699 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
702 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
703 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
704 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
705 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
706 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
710 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
711 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
712 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
713 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
714 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
715 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
716 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
717 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
718 than hardcoding paths.
721 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
722 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
723 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
726 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
727 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
728 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
729 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
732 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
733 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
736 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
737 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
738 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
739 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
742 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
743 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
744 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
745 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
746 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
749 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
750 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
751 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
752 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
756 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
757 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
758 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
759 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
760 soft-float everything else should be affected.
763 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
764 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
767 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
768 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
772 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
773 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
777 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
778 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
779 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
780 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
782 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
783 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
784 sandbox if successful.
786 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
787 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
788 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
789 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
790 an unprivileged user.
793 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
794 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
795 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
796 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
797 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
798 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
799 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
800 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
801 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
802 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
803 to which you should answer yes.
806 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
807 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
808 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
809 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
810 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
813 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
814 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
815 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
818 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
819 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
822 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
823 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
824 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
825 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
826 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
827 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
828 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
831 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
832 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
833 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
834 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
835 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
836 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
839 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
840 if you require the GPL compiler.
843 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
844 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
845 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
848 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
849 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
850 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
854 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
855 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
856 from ports (and recommends to install it).
857 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
858 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
859 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
862 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
863 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
864 which only require one chipset support.
866 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
870 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
871 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
872 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
874 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
875 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
878 * load the chip modules in question
879 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
881 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
882 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
884 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
887 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
888 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
889 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
891 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
892 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
893 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
895 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
896 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
897 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
898 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
899 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
900 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
901 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
902 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
905 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
906 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
907 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
910 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
911 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
912 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
915 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
916 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
917 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
918 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
919 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
920 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
921 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
924 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
925 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
926 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
927 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
930 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
931 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
932 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
935 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
936 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
937 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
940 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
941 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
943 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
944 via one of the following methods:
945 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
946 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
947 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
948 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
950 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
953 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
954 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
955 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
956 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
960 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
961 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
962 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
963 be prefixed with colon.
966 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
967 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
968 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
971 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
972 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
973 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
976 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
977 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
978 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
982 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
986 MCA bus support has been removed.
989 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
990 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
993 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
994 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
997 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
998 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
999 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1003 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1004 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1005 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1008 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1009 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1010 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1013 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1014 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1015 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1018 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1019 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1020 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1021 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1024 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1025 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1027 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1028 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1031 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1032 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1033 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1037 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1038 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1039 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1042 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1043 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1046 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1047 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1048 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1049 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1052 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1053 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1054 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1055 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1056 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1059 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1062 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1063 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1064 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1065 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1068 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1069 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1070 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1074 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1075 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1076 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1077 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1078 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1082 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1083 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1086 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1089 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1090 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1091 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1092 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1093 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1094 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1098 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1099 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1100 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1101 previously contained a line like
1102 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1103 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1104 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1108 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1109 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1110 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1111 built with the old headers.
1114 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1115 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1116 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1117 installing a new libc.
1120 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1121 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1122 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1123 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1124 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1125 packages will be needed.
1127 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1128 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1129 and the install steps.
1132 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1133 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1134 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1135 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1136 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1137 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1140 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1141 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1142 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1143 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1144 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1146 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1147 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1148 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1149 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1150 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1152 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1153 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1154 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1155 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1156 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1157 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1160 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1161 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1162 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1163 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1164 quirks entry to 0x3.
1167 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1168 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1169 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1172 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1173 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1176 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1177 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1178 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1179 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1180 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1181 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1182 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1183 stale .depend files.
1186 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1187 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1188 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1192 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1193 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1194 make -C sys/boot install
1195 <reboot in single user>
1197 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1201 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1202 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1203 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1206 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1207 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1208 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1209 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1210 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1211 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1214 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1215 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1216 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1217 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1218 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1221 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1222 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1223 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1224 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1225 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1228 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1229 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1232 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1233 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1234 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1237 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1238 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1239 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1243 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1244 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1245 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1246 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1247 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1248 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1251 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1252 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1253 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1254 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1258 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1259 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1260 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1263 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1264 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1265 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1267 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1268 collation results will be different.
1270 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1271 locales before running make installworld.
1273 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1276 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1277 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1280 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1281 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1282 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1285 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1286 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1287 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1288 and 'make -N' will not.
1291 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1292 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1293 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1294 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1295 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1296 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1297 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1298 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1301 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1302 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1303 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1304 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1307 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1308 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1309 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1312 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1313 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1314 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1315 userland debug files.
1317 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1318 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1319 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1321 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1322 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1325 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1326 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1327 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1328 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1329 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1330 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1333 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1334 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1335 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1338 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1339 them, the kernel must have
1342 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1344 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1345 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1346 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1347 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1349 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1350 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1353 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1354 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1355 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1358 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1359 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1360 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1361 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1363 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1364 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1365 difference with this change.
1367 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1368 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1369 remove that workaround.
1372 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1373 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1374 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1377 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1380 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1381 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1382 loader.rc.local instead.
1385 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1386 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1387 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1390 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1391 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1392 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1394 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1395 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1398 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1399 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1400 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1401 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1402 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1403 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1404 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1405 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1406 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1407 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1408 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1409 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1412 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1413 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1415 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1416 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1417 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1419 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1420 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1422 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1423 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1424 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1426 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1427 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1428 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1429 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1431 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1432 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1433 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1434 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1436 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1437 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1438 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1439 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1440 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1441 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1442 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1443 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1447 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1448 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1451 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1452 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1455 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1456 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1457 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1458 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1459 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1462 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1463 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1464 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1465 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1468 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1469 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1470 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1471 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1472 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1473 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1474 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1476 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1477 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1478 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1479 replace it with '2'.
1480 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1481 a file path, create a new file with:
1482 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1483 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1484 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1485 5. Restart sendmail:
1486 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1488 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1492 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1493 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1494 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1495 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1498 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1501 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1502 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1503 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1506 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1507 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1510 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1511 same but content is different now
1512 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1513 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1514 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1515 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1516 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1519 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1520 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1521 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1524 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1525 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1528 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1529 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1532 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1533 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1534 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1537 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1538 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1539 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1540 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1543 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1544 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1545 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1548 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1549 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1550 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1551 kernel before rebooting.
1554 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1555 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1556 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1557 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1558 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1559 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1562 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1563 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1564 with the new kernel.
1567 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1568 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1569 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1572 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1573 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1574 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1575 are not already using 3.5.0.
1578 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1579 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1580 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1581 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1582 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1585 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1586 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1587 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1588 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1591 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1592 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1595 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1597 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1598 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1599 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1600 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1601 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1602 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1605 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1606 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1609 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1610 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1611 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1612 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1614 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1615 the instructions for 9.x above.
1617 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1618 default, and do not build clang.
1620 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1621 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1622 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1624 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1625 the following are most likely to appear:
1629 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1630 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1631 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1632 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1633 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1634 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1635 cast, or disable the warning.
1637 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1638 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1639 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1640 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1643 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1644 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1646 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1647 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1648 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1649 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1651 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1652 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1653 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1654 unreachable could be optimized away.
1657 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1658 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1659 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1660 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1661 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1662 the utilities will report errors.
1665 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1666 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1667 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1668 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1669 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1673 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1674 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1677 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1678 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1679 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1682 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1683 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1684 indicate what you need to do.
1686 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1687 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1688 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1690 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1691 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1695 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1696 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1700 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1701 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1705 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1709 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1710 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1711 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1712 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1713 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1714 their next update cycle.
1717 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1718 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1719 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1720 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1724 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1725 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1728 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1729 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1730 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1731 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1732 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1736 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1737 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1739 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1742 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1743 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1744 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1745 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1749 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1750 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1754 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1755 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1756 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1757 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1758 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1761 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1762 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1763 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1766 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1767 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1768 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1771 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1772 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1773 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1774 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1775 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1776 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1777 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1778 "make installworld".
1780 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1781 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1782 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1785 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1786 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1787 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1788 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1789 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1792 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1795 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1796 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1800 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1801 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1802 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1803 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1804 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1805 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1806 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1807 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1808 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1809 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1810 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1811 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1813 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1814 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1815 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1819 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1820 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1823 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1824 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1825 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1826 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1827 build hosts for older releases.
1829 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1830 r276991, respectively.
1833 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1834 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1835 will silently lack HESIOD.
1838 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1839 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1840 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1841 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1842 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1843 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1844 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1845 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1846 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1847 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1848 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1849 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1852 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1853 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1854 with command line option -W.
1857 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1858 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1859 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1860 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1861 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1864 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1867 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1868 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1871 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1872 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1873 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1874 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1875 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1878 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1879 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1880 kernel is still highly recommended.
1883 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1884 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1885 capability mode support in kernel.
1888 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1889 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1890 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1891 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1892 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1895 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1896 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1897 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1898 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1899 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1900 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1903 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1904 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1905 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1906 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1907 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1908 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1909 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1910 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1911 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1914 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1915 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1916 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1917 should change your settings to use the latter.
1920 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1921 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1922 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1923 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1924 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1927 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1928 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1929 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1931 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1933 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1936 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1943 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1944 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1945 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1946 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1947 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1948 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1949 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1950 report a bug if it happens consistently.
1952 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1953 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1954 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1955 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1956 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1957 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1958 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1959 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1962 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1963 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1964 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1965 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1967 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1968 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1969 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1970 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1971 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1972 should write them with this in mind.
1976 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1979 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1980 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1982 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1984 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1985 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1986 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1988 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1992 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1993 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1994 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1996 make kernel-toolchain
1997 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1998 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2000 To test a kernel once
2001 ---------------------
2002 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2003 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2004 debugging information) run
2005 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2006 nextboot -k testkernel
2008 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2009 -----------------------------------------------------------
2010 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2011 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2013 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2015 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2016 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2018 <reboot in single user> [3]
2025 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2026 --------------------------------------------------
2027 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2028 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2029 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2032 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2035 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2036 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2037 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2038 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2039 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2040 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2041 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2042 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2043 <reboot into current>
2044 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2045 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2049 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2050 ----------------------------------------------
2051 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2053 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2054 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2056 <reboot in single user> [3]
2063 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2064 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2065 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2066 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2067 the UPDATING entries.
2069 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2070 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2071 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2072 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2073 much fewer pitfalls.
2075 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2076 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2079 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2083 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2084 cd src # full path to source
2085 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2086 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2087 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2089 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2090 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2091 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2092 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2093 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2094 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2095 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2097 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2098 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2099 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2100 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2101 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2102 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2104 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2105 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2106 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2108 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2109 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2110 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2111 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2112 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2113 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2114 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2115 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2117 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2118 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2119 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2122 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2123 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2124 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2126 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2127 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2128 warn if it is improperly defined.
2131 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2132 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2133 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2134 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2135 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2137 Copyright information:
2139 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2141 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2142 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2143 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2145 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2146 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2147 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2148 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2149 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2150 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2151 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2152 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2153 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2154 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2155 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2157 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of