1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
27 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
28 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
32 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
33 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
35 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
36 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
37 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
40 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
41 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
42 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
43 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
44 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
45 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
48 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
49 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
50 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
51 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
55 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
56 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
59 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
60 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
61 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
62 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
63 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
64 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
67 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
68 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
69 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
70 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
73 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
74 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
75 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
76 in next mpd5.3 release.
79 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
80 the base system (it was a port).
83 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
84 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
87 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
88 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
89 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
90 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
91 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
92 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
93 none of the L2 information.
96 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
97 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
99 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
101 to their kernel config files when specifying:
105 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
106 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
107 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
108 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
111 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
112 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
113 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
114 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
115 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
119 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
120 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
121 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
122 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
125 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
128 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
129 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
130 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
131 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
132 controller add the following to loader.conf:
138 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
139 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
143 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
144 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
145 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
146 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
147 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
150 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
156 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
158 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
159 cause compilation to fail.
162 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
165 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
167 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
168 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
169 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
170 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
171 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
172 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
173 accepting the RSA key.
175 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
176 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
179 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
180 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
181 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
185 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
186 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
187 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
189 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
190 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
191 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
192 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
193 use the new device names.
195 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
196 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
197 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
198 at the loader prompt:
200 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
201 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
202 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
203 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
207 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
211 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
212 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
213 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
214 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
217 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
218 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
221 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
222 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
223 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
224 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
225 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
228 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
229 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
230 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
231 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
233 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
236 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
237 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
238 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
239 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
241 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
242 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
243 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
246 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
247 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
248 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
249 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
250 other operation levels.
253 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
254 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
255 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
256 compatibility with any prior release:
258 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
259 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
260 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
263 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
264 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
265 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
266 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
267 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
271 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
272 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
273 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
274 with older hardware easier to do.
277 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
278 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
281 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
282 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
283 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
287 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
291 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
292 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
293 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
294 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
295 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
296 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
297 third-party software might fail to build after this change
298 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
299 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
300 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
301 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
302 case that a portable fix is impossible.
305 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
306 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
307 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
310 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
311 functionality is the default now.
314 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
315 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
316 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
317 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
318 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
320 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
321 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
322 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
325 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
326 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
327 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
328 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
329 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
330 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
331 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
332 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
333 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
334 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
338 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
339 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
341 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
342 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
343 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
349 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
350 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
353 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
354 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
355 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
356 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
357 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
360 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
361 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
362 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
363 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
367 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
368 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
369 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
372 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
373 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
374 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
377 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
378 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
379 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
380 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
381 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
384 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
385 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
386 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
387 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
388 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
389 will change after some settling time.
392 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
393 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
397 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
398 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
402 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
403 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
404 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
405 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
408 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
409 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
410 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
411 the IPv4 network stack.
413 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
414 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
415 has now been removed.
417 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
418 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
419 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
420 updated to reflect this.
422 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
423 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
427 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
428 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
429 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
430 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
431 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
432 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
433 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
434 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
435 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
436 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
440 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
441 function and starts providing an account management function.
442 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
443 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
444 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
446 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
448 and change it according to this example:
450 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
452 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
453 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
454 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
455 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
458 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
459 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
460 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
461 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
464 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
465 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
466 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
467 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
468 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
469 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
473 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
474 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
475 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
476 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
477 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
478 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
479 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
481 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
482 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
483 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
486 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
487 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
488 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
489 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
492 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
493 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
496 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
497 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
498 base operating system should be recompiled.
501 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
502 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
503 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
504 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
505 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
508 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
509 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
510 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
511 deprecated in previous releases.
512 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
513 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
516 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
517 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
518 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
520 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
523 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
524 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
525 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
526 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
529 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
530 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
531 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
532 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
533 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
534 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
535 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
536 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
537 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
540 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
541 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
542 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
543 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
547 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
548 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
549 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
551 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
552 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
553 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
556 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
557 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
558 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
559 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
560 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
564 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
565 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
566 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
567 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
568 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
571 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
572 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
573 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
574 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
577 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
578 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
579 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
580 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
584 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
585 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
586 with exceptions of followings:
587 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
588 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
589 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
590 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
591 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
592 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
593 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
594 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
597 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
598 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
599 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
600 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
601 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
602 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
604 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
606 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
607 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
608 the array the same way you built it originally.
611 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
612 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
613 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
614 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
615 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
616 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
617 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
620 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
621 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
622 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
623 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
624 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
627 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
628 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
629 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
630 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
631 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
634 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
635 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
636 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
637 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
638 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
639 added to 'struct proc'.
642 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
645 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
646 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
647 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
648 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
649 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
652 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
655 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
656 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
657 systat needs to be rebuilt.
660 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
663 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
664 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
665 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
668 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
669 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
670 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
671 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
672 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
675 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
676 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
677 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
678 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
681 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
682 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
686 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
687 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
688 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
689 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
690 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
693 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
694 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
695 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
696 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
697 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
698 `make installworld' with:
700 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
702 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
703 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
704 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
705 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
708 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
709 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
710 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
711 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
715 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
716 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
717 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
718 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
719 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
720 implements the interface to support it.
723 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
724 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
725 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
726 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
730 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
731 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
732 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
733 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
734 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
735 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
736 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
737 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
738 likely follow. Posting to current@:
740 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
743 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
744 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
747 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
748 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
749 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
750 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
754 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
755 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
756 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
759 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
760 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
763 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
764 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
765 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
766 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
767 on your next install.
768 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
769 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
770 to your /etc/make.conf.
773 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
774 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
775 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
778 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
779 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
780 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
783 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
784 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
787 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
788 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
789 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
790 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
793 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
794 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
795 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
798 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
799 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
800 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
804 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
805 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
806 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
807 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
808 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
809 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
810 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
811 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
814 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
815 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
816 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
819 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
820 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
823 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
824 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
827 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
828 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
829 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
832 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
833 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
834 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
835 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
836 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
837 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
841 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
842 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
845 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
846 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
849 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
850 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
851 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
852 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
856 RELENG_6 branched here.
859 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
860 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
861 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
862 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
863 removable_interfaces.
866 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
867 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
868 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
869 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
870 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
871 affect existing configurations.
874 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
875 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
876 updated to the new APIs.
879 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
880 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
881 will not behave correctly.
883 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
884 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
885 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
888 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
889 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
890 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
891 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
892 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
894 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
895 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
899 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
900 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
903 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
904 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
905 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
906 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
907 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
908 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
909 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
912 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
913 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
914 fail after this date. For full details, please see
915 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
918 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
919 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
920 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
923 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
924 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
925 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
929 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
930 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
931 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
932 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
935 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
936 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
937 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
938 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
939 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
943 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
944 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
947 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
948 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
952 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
953 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
954 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
957 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
958 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
959 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
960 if you have updated the kernel.
962 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
963 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
964 mounting the new volume.
967 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
968 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
969 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
970 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
973 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
974 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
977 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
978 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
979 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
980 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
981 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
982 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
985 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
986 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
987 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
988 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
989 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
992 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
993 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
994 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
995 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
996 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
997 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
998 and wlan_xauth as required.
1001 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1002 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1003 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1004 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1008 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1009 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1010 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1011 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1012 the module when a wep key is configured).
1015 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1016 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1017 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1020 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1021 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1024 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1025 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1026 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1027 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1028 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1029 their /etc/rc scripts.
1032 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1035 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1036 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1037 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1040 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1041 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1042 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1045 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1046 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1052 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1053 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1054 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1055 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1056 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1057 on the -current branch).
1059 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1060 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1061 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1062 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1063 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1064 page for more details.
1066 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1067 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1068 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1069 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1070 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1075 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1076 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1077 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1079 make kernel-toolchain
1080 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1081 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1083 To test a kernel once
1084 ---------------------
1085 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1086 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1087 debugging information) run
1088 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1089 nextboot -k testkernel
1091 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1092 --------------------------------------------------------------
1093 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1094 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1095 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1097 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1098 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1099 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1104 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1106 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1107 -----------------------------------------------------------
1108 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1109 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1111 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1113 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1115 <reboot in single user> [3]
1123 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1124 --------------------------------------------------
1125 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1126 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1127 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1130 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1133 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1134 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1135 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1136 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1137 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1138 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1139 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1140 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1141 <reboot into current>
1142 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1143 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1147 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1148 ----------------------------------------------
1149 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1151 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1153 <reboot in single user> [3]
1160 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1161 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1162 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1163 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1164 the UPDATING entries.
1166 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1167 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1168 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1169 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1170 much fewer pitfalls.
1172 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1173 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1176 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1181 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1182 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1183 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1185 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1186 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1187 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1188 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1189 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1190 for potential gotchas.
1192 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1193 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1194 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1195 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1196 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1197 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1199 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1200 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1201 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1202 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1203 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1205 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1206 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1208 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1209 cvs prune empty directories.
1211 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1212 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1213 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1215 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1216 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1217 warn if it is improperly defined.
1220 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1221 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1222 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1223 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1225 Copyright information:
1227 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1229 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1230 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1231 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1233 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1234 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1235 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1236 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1237 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1238 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1239 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1240 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1241 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1242 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1243 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1245 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1248 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of