1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
27 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
28 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
29 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
30 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
33 cy, digi, rc, rp, si, sio
39 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
41 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
42 cause compilation to fail.
45 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
46 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
47 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
49 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
50 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
51 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
52 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
53 use the new device names.
55 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
56 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
57 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
60 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
61 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
62 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
63 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
67 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
71 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
72 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
73 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
74 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
77 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
78 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
81 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
82 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
83 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
84 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
85 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
88 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
89 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
90 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
91 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
93 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
96 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
97 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
98 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
99 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
101 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
102 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
103 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
106 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
107 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
108 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
109 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
110 other operation levels.
113 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
114 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
115 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
116 compatibility with any prior release:
118 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
119 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
120 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
123 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
124 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
125 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
126 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
127 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
131 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
132 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
133 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
134 with older hardware easier to do.
137 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
138 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
141 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
142 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
143 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
147 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
151 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
152 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
153 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
154 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
155 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
156 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
157 third-party software might fail to build after this change
158 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
159 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
160 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
161 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
162 case that a portable fix is impossible.
165 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
166 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
167 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
170 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
171 functionality is the default now.
174 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
175 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
176 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
177 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
178 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
180 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
181 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
182 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
185 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
186 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
187 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
188 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
189 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
190 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
191 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
192 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
193 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
194 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
198 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
199 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
201 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
202 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
203 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
209 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
210 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
213 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
214 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
215 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
216 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
217 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
220 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
221 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
222 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
223 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
227 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
228 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
229 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
232 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
233 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
234 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
237 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
238 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
239 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
240 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
241 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
244 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
245 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
246 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
247 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
248 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
249 will change after some settling time.
252 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
253 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
257 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
258 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
262 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
263 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
264 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
265 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
268 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
269 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
270 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
271 the IPv4 network stack.
273 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
274 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
275 has now been removed.
277 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
278 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
279 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
280 updated to reflect this.
282 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
283 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
287 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
288 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
289 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
290 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
291 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
292 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
293 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
294 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
295 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
296 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
300 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
301 function and starts providing an account management function.
302 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
303 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
304 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
306 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
308 and change it according to this example:
310 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
312 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
313 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
314 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
315 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
318 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
319 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
320 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
321 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
324 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
325 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
326 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
327 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
328 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
329 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
333 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
334 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
335 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
336 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
337 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
338 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
339 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
341 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
342 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
343 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
346 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
347 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
348 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
349 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
352 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
353 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
356 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
357 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
358 base operating system should be recompiled.
361 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
362 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
363 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
364 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
365 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
368 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
369 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
370 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
371 deprecated in previous releases.
372 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
373 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
376 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
377 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
378 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
380 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
383 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
384 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
385 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
386 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
389 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
390 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
391 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
392 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
393 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
394 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
395 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
396 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
397 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
400 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
401 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
402 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
403 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
407 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
408 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
409 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
411 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
412 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
413 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
416 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
417 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
418 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
419 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
420 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
424 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
425 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
426 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
427 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
428 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
431 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
432 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
433 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
434 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
437 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
438 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
439 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
440 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
444 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
445 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
446 with exceptions of followings:
447 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
448 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
449 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
450 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
451 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
452 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
453 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
454 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
457 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
458 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
459 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
460 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
461 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
462 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
464 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
466 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
467 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
468 the array the same way you built it originally.
471 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
472 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
473 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
474 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
475 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
476 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
477 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
480 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
481 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
482 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
483 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
484 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
487 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
488 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
489 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
490 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
491 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
494 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
495 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
496 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
497 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
498 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
499 added to 'struct proc'.
502 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
505 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
506 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
507 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
508 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
509 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
512 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
515 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
516 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
517 systat needs to be rebuilt.
520 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
523 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
524 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
525 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
528 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
529 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
530 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
531 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
532 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
535 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
536 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
537 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
538 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
541 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
542 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
546 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
547 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
548 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
549 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
550 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
553 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
554 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
555 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
556 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
557 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
558 `make installworld' with:
560 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
562 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
563 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
564 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
565 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
568 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
569 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
570 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
571 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
575 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
576 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
577 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
578 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
579 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
580 implements the interface to support it.
583 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
584 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
585 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
586 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
590 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
591 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
592 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
593 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
594 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
595 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
596 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
597 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
598 likely follow. Posting to current@:
600 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
603 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
604 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
607 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
608 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
609 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
610 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
614 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
615 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
616 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
619 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
620 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
623 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
624 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
625 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
626 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
627 on your next install.
628 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
629 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
630 to your /etc/make.conf.
633 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
634 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
635 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
638 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
639 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
640 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
643 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
644 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
647 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
648 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
649 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
650 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
653 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
654 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
655 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
658 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
659 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
660 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
664 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
665 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
666 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
667 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
668 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
669 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
670 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
671 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
674 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
675 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
676 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
679 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
680 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
683 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
684 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
687 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
688 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
689 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
692 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
693 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
694 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
695 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
696 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
697 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
701 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
702 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
705 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
706 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
709 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
710 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
711 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
712 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
716 RELENG_6 branched here.
719 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
720 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
721 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
722 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
723 removable_interfaces.
726 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
727 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
728 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
729 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
730 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
731 affect existing configurations.
734 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
735 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
736 updated to the new APIs.
739 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
740 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
741 will not behave correctly.
743 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
744 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
745 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
748 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
749 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
750 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
751 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
752 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
754 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
755 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
759 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
760 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
763 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
764 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
765 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
766 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
767 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
768 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
769 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
772 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
773 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
774 fail after this date. For full details, please see
775 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
778 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
779 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
780 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
783 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
784 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
785 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
789 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
790 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
791 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
792 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
795 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
796 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
797 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
798 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
799 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
803 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
804 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
807 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
808 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
812 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
813 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
814 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
817 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
818 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
819 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
820 if you have updated the kernel.
822 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
823 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
824 mounting the new volume.
827 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
828 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
829 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
830 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
833 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
834 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
837 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
838 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
839 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
840 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
841 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
842 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
845 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
846 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
847 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
848 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
849 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
852 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
853 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
854 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
855 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
856 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
857 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
858 and wlan_xauth as required.
861 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
862 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
863 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
864 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
868 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
869 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
870 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
871 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
872 the module when a wep key is configured).
875 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
876 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
877 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
880 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
881 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
884 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
885 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
886 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
887 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
888 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
889 their /etc/rc scripts.
892 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
895 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
896 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
897 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
900 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
901 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
902 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
905 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
906 in the RELENG_5 branch.
912 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
913 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
914 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
915 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
916 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
917 on the -current branch).
919 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
920 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
921 environment when searching for values for global variables.
922 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
923 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
924 page for more details.
926 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
927 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
928 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
929 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
930 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
935 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
936 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
937 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
939 make kernel-toolchain
940 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
941 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
943 To test a kernel once
944 ---------------------
945 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
946 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
947 debugging information) run
948 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
949 nextboot -k testkernel
951 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
952 --------------------------------------------------------------
953 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
954 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
955 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
957 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
958 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
959 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
964 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
966 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
967 -----------------------------------------------------------
968 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
969 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
971 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
973 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
975 <reboot in single user> [3]
983 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
984 --------------------------------------------------
985 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
986 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
987 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
990 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
993 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
994 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
995 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
996 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
997 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
998 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
999 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1000 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1001 <reboot into current>
1002 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1003 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat>
1007 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1008 ----------------------------------------------
1009 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1011 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1013 <reboot in single user> [3]
1020 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1021 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1022 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1023 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1024 the UPDATING entries.
1026 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1027 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1028 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1029 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1030 much fewer pitfalls.
1032 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1033 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1036 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1041 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1042 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1043 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1045 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1046 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1047 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1048 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1049 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1050 for potential gotchas.
1052 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1053 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1054 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1055 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1056 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1057 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1059 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1060 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1061 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1062 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1063 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1065 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1066 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1068 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1069 cvs prune empty directories.
1071 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1072 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1073 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1075 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1076 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1077 warn if it is improperly defined.
1080 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1081 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1082 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1083 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1085 Copyright information:
1087 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1089 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1090 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1091 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1093 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1094 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1095 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1096 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1097 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1098 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1099 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1100 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1101 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1102 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1103 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1105 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1108 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of