1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
15 13.0-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:18.libc++
16 FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper
19 FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex
21 Missing C++20 headers in libc++ [EN-21:18.libc++]
23 libcasper assertion failure [EN-21:19.libcasper]
25 Missing backwards compatibility in vlan(4) [EN-21:20.vlan]
27 Kernel panic with ipfw link-layer filtering enabled [EN-21:21.ipfw]
29 Linux compatibility layer futex(2) system call vulnerability [EN-21:22.linux_futex]
32 13.0-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
34 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
37 13.0-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert
40 FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio
43 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
45 Kernel double free when transmitting on a divert socket [FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert]
47 mpt(4) I/O errors with a large maxphys value [FreeBSD-EN-21:13.mpt]
49 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
51 virtio(4) device probing fails [FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio]
53 dc update [FreeBSD-EN-21:16.bc]
55 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
57 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
63 13.0-RC5-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm
64 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
66 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
68 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
71 13.0-RC3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
73 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
76 13.0-BETA3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
79 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
81 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
84 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
85 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
89 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
92 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
93 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
94 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
95 since it was bumped so recently.
98 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
99 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
100 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
101 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
104 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
105 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
106 requires a clean build.
109 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
110 instructions can be found at
111 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
112 and other documents in that repo.
115 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
116 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
117 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
118 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
121 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
122 may be installed from ports or packages.
125 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
126 See ping(8) for details.
129 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
130 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
131 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
133 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
134 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
135 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
136 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
137 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
140 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
141 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
142 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
143 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
144 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
148 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
149 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
150 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
151 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
153 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
154 command you want to un-auger the tree is
157 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
158 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
161 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
162 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
163 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
164 unless you want to use new features.
166 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
167 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
168 rebuilding world may fail.
170 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
171 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
173 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
174 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
175 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
176 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
179 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
180 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
181 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
182 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
185 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
186 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
190 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
191 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
194 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
195 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
196 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
197 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
200 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
201 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
202 from sources, so a version bump was done.
205 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
206 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
207 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
208 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
211 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
212 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
213 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
214 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
215 continue to function.
217 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
218 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
219 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
220 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
223 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
224 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
225 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
226 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
227 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
228 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
229 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
232 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
233 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
236 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
237 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
238 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
241 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
242 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
243 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
244 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
246 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
247 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
248 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
249 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
253 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
254 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
255 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
256 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
259 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
260 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
263 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
264 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
265 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
266 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
267 be functional without closefrom(2).
270 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
271 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
272 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
273 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
274 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
275 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
278 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
279 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
280 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
281 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
284 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
285 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
286 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
289 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
292 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
293 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
294 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
297 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
298 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
301 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
302 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
303 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
307 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
308 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
312 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
313 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
314 together with their new kernel.
317 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
318 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
319 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
321 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
322 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
325 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
329 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
330 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
331 external toolchain package.
334 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
335 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
336 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
337 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
338 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
341 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
342 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
343 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
344 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
347 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
348 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
349 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
353 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
356 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
357 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
358 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
359 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
362 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
363 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
364 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
367 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
368 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
369 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
370 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
371 differences between those included in the port and those included in
372 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
373 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
374 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
377 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
378 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
382 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
383 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
384 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
385 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
386 add superio to the set.
389 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
390 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
393 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
394 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
395 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
396 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
397 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
398 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
399 completely in the future.
402 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
403 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
404 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
405 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
406 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
407 will be removed from the list.
410 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
411 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
412 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
413 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
416 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
417 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
418 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
419 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
422 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
423 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
424 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
425 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
428 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
429 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
430 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
433 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
434 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
435 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
436 your scripts, because they had no effect.
438 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
439 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
440 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
441 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
442 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
445 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
446 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
447 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
448 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
449 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
450 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
451 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
454 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
455 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
456 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
457 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
460 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
461 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
462 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
463 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
466 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
467 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
468 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
471 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
472 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
473 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
474 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
475 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
476 avoid running into the limit.
479 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
480 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
483 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
484 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
485 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
486 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
487 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
488 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
491 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
492 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
495 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
496 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
497 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
498 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
499 availability properties.
501 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
502 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
503 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
504 initial condition, if desired.
506 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
507 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
509 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
510 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
511 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
512 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
515 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
516 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
517 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
518 therefore unblocked).
521 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
522 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
523 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
524 is added to the command line.
525 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
526 not affected and should continue to work.
529 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
530 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
531 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
532 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
535 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
536 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
537 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
541 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
542 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
546 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
547 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
548 migrating to the drm ports.
551 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
552 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
553 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
554 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
555 is loaded automatically.
558 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
559 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
560 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
564 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
565 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
566 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
567 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
570 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
571 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
572 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
573 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
574 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
578 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
579 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
580 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
582 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
583 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
585 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
586 removed from the mips port.
589 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
590 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
591 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
595 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
596 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
599 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
600 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
601 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
602 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
605 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
606 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
607 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
610 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
611 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
612 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
616 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
617 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
618 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
620 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
621 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
622 being included using the command:
626 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
627 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
630 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
631 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
632 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
633 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
634 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
635 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
636 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
637 that as you will get better support.
639 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
640 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
641 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
642 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
644 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
645 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
646 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
647 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
651 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
652 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
653 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
654 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
655 be adjusted as necessary.
658 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
659 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
660 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
661 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
664 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
665 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
666 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
667 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
671 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
672 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
673 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
674 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
678 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
679 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
680 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
681 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
682 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
683 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
686 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
687 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
688 default since FreeBSD-11.
691 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
692 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
693 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
696 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
697 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
698 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
699 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
700 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
701 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
702 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
704 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
705 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
708 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
709 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
710 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
711 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
712 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
713 may not be observed in a future release.
716 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
717 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
721 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
722 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
723 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
724 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
727 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
728 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
729 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
730 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
734 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
735 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
736 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
739 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
740 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
741 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
742 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
743 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
746 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
747 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
748 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
749 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
750 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
751 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
754 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
755 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
756 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
760 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
761 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
762 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
765 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
766 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
767 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
768 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
769 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
770 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
771 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
772 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
773 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
774 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
778 Big endian arm support has been removed.
781 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
782 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
783 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
784 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
785 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
788 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
789 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
790 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
791 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
792 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
793 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
796 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
797 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
800 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
801 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
802 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
803 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
804 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
805 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
806 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
809 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
810 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
811 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
815 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
816 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
817 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
821 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
822 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
825 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
826 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
830 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
831 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
832 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
833 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
836 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
837 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
838 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
842 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
843 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
844 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
848 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
849 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
850 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
851 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
852 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
853 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
856 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
857 workaround is necessary.
860 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
861 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
862 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
863 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
866 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
867 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
868 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
869 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
870 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
873 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
874 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
875 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
876 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
879 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
880 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
881 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
885 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
886 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
890 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
891 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
895 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
896 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
897 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
898 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
899 microseconds and time zone offsets.
901 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
902 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
903 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
904 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
905 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
906 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
907 adjustments, depending on the software used.
909 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
910 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
913 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
916 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
917 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
918 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
920 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
922 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
923 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
924 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
925 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
926 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
927 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
928 thus expected to continue to function as before.
930 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
934 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
935 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
936 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
939 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
940 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
941 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
942 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
943 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
944 should be as simple as:
946 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
947 $ make depend all install
950 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
951 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
952 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
953 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
954 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
955 provisions for backup boot methods.
958 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
959 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
960 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
964 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
965 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
966 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
970 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
971 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
972 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
974 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
975 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
978 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
979 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
980 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
981 remove it from kernel config files.
984 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
985 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
986 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
988 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
989 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
992 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
993 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
994 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
995 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
998 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
999 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1002 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1003 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1004 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1005 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1008 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1009 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1010 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1011 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1012 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1013 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1016 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1017 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1018 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1021 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1022 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1023 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1024 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1025 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1028 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1029 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1030 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1031 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1032 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1036 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1037 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1038 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1039 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1040 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1041 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1042 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1043 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1044 than hardcoding paths.
1047 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1048 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1049 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1052 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1053 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1054 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1055 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1058 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1059 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1062 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1063 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1064 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1065 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1068 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1069 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1070 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1071 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1072 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1075 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1076 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1077 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1078 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1082 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1083 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1084 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1085 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1086 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1089 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1090 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1093 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1094 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1098 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1099 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1103 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1104 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1105 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1106 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1108 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1109 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1110 sandbox if successful.
1112 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1113 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1114 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1115 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1116 an unprivileged user.
1119 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1120 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1121 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1122 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1123 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1124 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1125 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1126 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1127 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1128 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1129 to which you should answer yes.
1132 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1133 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1134 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1135 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1136 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1139 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1140 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1141 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1144 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1145 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1148 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1149 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1150 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1151 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1152 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1153 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1154 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1157 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1158 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1159 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1160 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1161 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1162 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1165 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1166 if you require the GPL compiler.
1169 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1170 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1171 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1174 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1175 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1176 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1180 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1181 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1182 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1183 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1184 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1185 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1188 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1189 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1190 which only require one chipset support.
1192 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1196 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1197 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1198 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1200 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1201 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1204 * load the chip modules in question
1205 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1207 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1208 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1210 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1213 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1214 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1215 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1217 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1218 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1219 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1221 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1222 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1223 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1224 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1225 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1226 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1227 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1228 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1231 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1232 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1233 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1236 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1237 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1238 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1241 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1242 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1243 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1244 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1245 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1246 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1247 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1250 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1251 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1252 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1253 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1256 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1257 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1258 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1261 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1262 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1263 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1266 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1267 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1269 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1270 via one of the following methods:
1271 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1272 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1273 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1274 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1276 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1279 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1280 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1281 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1282 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1286 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1287 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1288 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1289 be prefixed with colon.
1292 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1293 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1294 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1297 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1298 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1299 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1302 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1303 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1304 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1308 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1312 MCA bus support has been removed.
1315 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1316 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1319 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1320 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1323 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1324 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1325 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1329 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1330 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1331 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1334 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1335 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1336 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1339 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1340 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1341 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1344 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1345 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1346 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1347 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1350 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1351 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1353 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1354 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1357 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1358 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1359 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1363 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1364 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1365 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1368 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1369 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1372 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1373 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1374 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1375 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1378 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1379 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1380 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1381 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1382 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1385 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1388 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1389 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1390 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1391 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1394 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1395 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1396 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1400 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1401 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1402 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1403 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1404 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1408 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1409 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1412 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1415 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1416 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1417 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1418 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1419 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1420 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1424 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1425 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1426 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1427 previously contained a line like
1428 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1429 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1430 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1434 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1435 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1436 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1437 built with the old headers.
1440 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1441 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1442 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1443 installing a new libc.
1446 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1447 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1448 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1449 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1450 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1451 packages will be needed.
1453 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1454 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1455 and the install steps.
1458 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1459 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1460 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1461 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1462 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1463 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1466 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1467 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1468 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1469 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1470 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1472 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1473 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1474 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1475 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1476 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1478 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1479 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1480 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1481 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1482 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1483 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1486 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1487 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1488 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1489 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1490 quirks entry to 0x3.
1493 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1494 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1495 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1498 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1499 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1502 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1503 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1504 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1505 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1506 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1507 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1508 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1509 stale .depend files.
1512 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1513 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1514 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1518 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1519 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1520 make -C sys/boot install
1521 <reboot in single user>
1523 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1527 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1528 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1529 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1532 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1533 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1534 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1535 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1536 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1537 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1540 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1541 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1542 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1543 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1544 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1547 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1548 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1549 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1550 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1551 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1554 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1555 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1558 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1559 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1560 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1563 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1564 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1565 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1569 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1570 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1571 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1572 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1573 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1574 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1577 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1578 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1579 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1580 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1584 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1585 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1586 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1589 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1590 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1591 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1593 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1594 collation results will be different.
1596 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1597 locales before running make installworld.
1599 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1602 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1603 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1606 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1607 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1608 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1611 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1612 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1613 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1614 and 'make -N' will not.
1617 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1618 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1619 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1620 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1621 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1622 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1623 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1624 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1627 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1628 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1629 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1630 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1633 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1634 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1635 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1638 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1639 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1640 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1641 userland debug files.
1643 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1644 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1645 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1647 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1648 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1651 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1652 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1653 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1654 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1655 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1656 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1659 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1660 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1661 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1664 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1665 them, the kernel must have
1668 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1670 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1671 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1672 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1673 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1675 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1676 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1679 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1680 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1681 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1684 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1685 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1686 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1687 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1689 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1690 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1691 difference with this change.
1693 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1694 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1695 remove that workaround.
1698 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1699 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1700 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1703 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1706 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1707 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1708 loader.rc.local instead.
1711 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1712 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1713 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1716 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1717 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1718 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1720 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1721 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1724 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1725 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1726 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1727 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1728 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1729 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1730 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1731 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1732 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1733 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1734 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1735 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1738 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1739 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1741 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1742 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1743 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1745 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1746 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1748 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1749 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1750 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1752 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1753 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1754 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1755 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1757 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1758 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1759 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1760 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1762 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1763 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1764 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1765 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1766 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1767 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1768 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1769 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1773 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1774 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1777 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1778 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1781 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1782 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1783 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1784 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1785 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1788 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1789 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1790 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1791 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1794 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1795 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1796 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1797 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1798 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1799 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1800 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1802 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1803 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1804 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1805 replace it with '2'.
1806 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1807 a file path, create a new file with:
1808 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1809 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1810 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1811 5. Restart sendmail:
1812 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1814 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1818 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1819 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1820 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1821 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1824 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1827 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1828 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1829 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1832 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1833 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1836 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1837 same but content is different now
1838 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1839 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1840 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1841 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1842 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1845 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1846 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1847 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1850 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1851 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1854 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1855 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1858 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1859 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1860 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1863 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1864 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1865 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1866 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1869 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1870 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1871 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1874 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1875 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1876 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1877 kernel before rebooting.
1880 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1881 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1882 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1883 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1884 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1885 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1888 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1889 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1890 with the new kernel.
1893 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1894 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1895 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1898 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1899 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1900 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1901 are not already using 3.5.0.
1904 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1905 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1906 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1907 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1908 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1911 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1912 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1913 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1914 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1917 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1918 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1921 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1923 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1924 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1925 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1926 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1927 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1928 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1931 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1932 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1935 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1936 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1937 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1938 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1940 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1941 the instructions for 9.x above.
1943 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1944 default, and do not build clang.
1946 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1947 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1948 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1950 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1951 the following are most likely to appear:
1955 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1956 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1957 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1958 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1959 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1960 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1961 cast, or disable the warning.
1963 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1964 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1965 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1966 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1969 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1970 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1972 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1973 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1974 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1975 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1977 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1978 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1979 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1980 unreachable could be optimized away.
1983 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1984 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1985 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1986 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1987 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1988 the utilities will report errors.
1991 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1992 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1993 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1994 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1995 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1999 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2000 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2003 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2004 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2005 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2008 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2009 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2010 indicate what you need to do.
2012 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2013 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2014 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2016 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2017 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2021 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2022 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2026 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2027 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2031 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2035 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2036 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2037 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2038 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2039 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2040 their next update cycle.
2043 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2044 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2045 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2046 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2050 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2051 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2054 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2055 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2056 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2057 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2058 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2062 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2063 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2065 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2068 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2069 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2070 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2071 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2075 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2076 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2080 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2081 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2082 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2083 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2084 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2087 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2088 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2089 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2092 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2093 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2094 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2097 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2098 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2099 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2100 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2101 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2102 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2103 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2104 "make installworld".
2106 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2107 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2108 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2111 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2112 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2113 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2114 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2115 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2118 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2121 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2122 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2126 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2127 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2128 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2129 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2130 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2131 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2132 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2133 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2134 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2135 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2136 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2137 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2139 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2140 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2141 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2145 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2146 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2149 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2150 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2151 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2152 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2153 build hosts for older releases.
2155 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2156 r276991, respectively.
2159 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2160 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2161 will silently lack HESIOD.
2164 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2165 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2166 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2167 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2168 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2169 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2170 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2171 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2172 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2173 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2174 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2175 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2178 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2179 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2180 with command line option -W.
2183 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2184 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2185 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2186 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2187 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2190 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2193 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2194 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2197 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2198 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2199 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2200 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2201 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2204 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2205 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2206 kernel is still highly recommended.
2209 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2210 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2211 capability mode support in kernel.
2214 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2215 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2216 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2217 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2218 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2221 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2222 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2223 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2224 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2225 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2226 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2229 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2230 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2231 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2232 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2233 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2234 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2235 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2236 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2237 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2240 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2241 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2242 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2243 should change your settings to use the latter.
2246 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2247 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2248 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2249 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2250 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2253 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2254 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2255 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2257 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2259 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2262 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2269 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2270 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2271 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2272 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2273 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2274 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2275 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2276 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2278 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2279 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2280 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2281 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2282 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2283 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2284 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2285 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2288 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2289 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2290 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2291 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2294 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2295 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2296 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2297 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2299 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2300 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2301 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2302 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2303 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2304 should write them with this in mind.
2308 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2311 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2312 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2314 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2316 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2317 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2318 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2319 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2322 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2326 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2327 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2328 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2330 make kernel-toolchain
2331 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2332 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2334 To test a kernel once
2335 ---------------------
2336 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2337 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2338 debugging information) run
2339 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2340 nextboot -k testkernel
2342 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2343 -----------------------------------------------------------
2344 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2345 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2347 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2349 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2350 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2352 <reboot in single user> [3]
2359 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2360 --------------------------------------------------
2361 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2362 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2363 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2366 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2369 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2370 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2371 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2372 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2373 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2374 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2375 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2376 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2377 <reboot into current>
2378 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2379 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2383 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2384 ----------------------------------------------
2385 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2387 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2388 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2390 <reboot in single user> [3]
2397 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2398 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2399 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2400 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2401 the UPDATING entries.
2403 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2404 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2405 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2406 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2407 much fewer pitfalls.
2409 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2410 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2411 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2412 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2413 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2414 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2415 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2416 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2418 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2420 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2424 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2425 cd src # full path to source
2426 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2427 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2428 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2430 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2431 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2432 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2433 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2434 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2435 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2436 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2438 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2439 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2440 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2441 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2442 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2443 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2445 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2446 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2447 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2449 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2450 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2451 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2452 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2453 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2454 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2455 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2456 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2458 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2459 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2460 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2463 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2464 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2465 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2467 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2468 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2469 warn if it is improperly defined.
2472 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2473 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2474 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2475 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2476 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2478 Copyright information:
2480 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2482 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2483 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2484 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2486 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2487 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2488 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2489 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2490 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2491 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2492 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2493 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2494 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2495 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2496 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2498 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / FreeBSD.git / blob