1 Updating Information for users of FreeBSD stable/13.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
19 Change 9b998db87c28 changed 'struct ieee80211vap' internals in net80211.
20 Given we do not have enough spares and the struct is allocated by
21 drivers, all wireless drivers have to be recompiled.
22 __FreeBSD_version is updated to 1303001 to track this change.
25 sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged. This version enforces
26 stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
27 endings. This may cause issues with receiving messages from
28 non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
29 contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
32 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
33 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
34 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
35 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
36 already properly quoted or escaped.
39 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
40 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
41 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
42 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
44 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
47 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
48 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
51 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was
52 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
54 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
55 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
56 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
59 Bump __FreeBSD_verion after various changes to LinuxKPI pci and 802.11
60 in order to help out-of-tree consumers to deal accordingly.
63 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
64 before re-compiling to avoid errors.
67 Bump __FreeBSD_verion to 1301501 after merging LinuxKPI and
68 net80211 changes in order to help out-of-tree consumers to deal
72 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
73 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
74 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
77 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
78 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
79 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
80 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1300524 to
84 Commit 18f5b477ee66 adds two arguments to VOP_ALLOCATE().
85 Normally changes to VOP calls are not MFC'd, but a
86 discussion on freebsd-current@ seemed to agree that
87 it was acceptable in this case, to fix the NFSv4.2 server.
88 Any out of source tree file system with a custom
89 VOP_ALLOCATE() call will need to be modified.
90 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300523 since the NFS modules need
91 to be rebuilt from sources.
94 Commit 6e8e261f0d4e changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
95 modules. As such, all the modules must be rebuilt from sources.
96 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1300522.
99 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300521 after merging LinuxKPI and
100 net80211 changes in order to support building various wireless
101 drivers. This is to help other external consumers of LinuxKPI
102 and net80211 to deal accordingly.
105 Commit a599f9f7620b deleted the variable called nfs_maxcopyrange
106 from nfscommon.ko, since it no longer needs to be global. As such,
107 the other nfs modules must be rebuilt from up to date sources.
108 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300516 for this.
111 As of commit 622809b0868f OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
112 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
113 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
114 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
115 application-specific configuration option for applications
116 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
119 Commits 9fb6e613373c and 9ec7dbf46b0a both changed the internal
120 KAPI between the NFS modules. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300514.
121 All NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources.
124 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
125 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
126 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
127 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
130 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300512 after merging LinuxKPI, OFED,
131 net80211, and driver changes in order to support building
132 Intel wireless iwlwifi drivers. This is especially needed for
133 drm-kmod which needs updates after this.
136 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
137 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
138 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
139 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
140 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
141 to update your sources past the above hash and do
144 % sudo -E make install
145 to enable building kernels again.
148 Commit 8a04edfdcbd2 changes the default minor version
149 used for NFSv4 mounts to the highest minor version supported
150 by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using
151 the "minorversion" mount option.
152 The consensus of a discussion on freebsd-current@ indicated
153 that this would be acceptable to do and would not be considered
157 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
158 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
161 Commit ca179c4d74f2/632e3f2f3a66 changed the package in which
162 the OpenSSL libraries and utilities are packaged.
163 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
164 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
165 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
166 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
170 Commit 841006678745 changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
171 and nfsd modules. As such, they must both be rebuilt from
173 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1300510.
176 Commit 272f39942254 changed the internal KAPI between the
177 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
178 rebuilt from sources.
181 Commit 5a45802b3c8c changed the internal KAPI between
182 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
183 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
184 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
185 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
186 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
189 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
190 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
194 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
197 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
198 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
199 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
200 since it was bumped so recently.
203 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
204 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
205 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
206 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
209 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
210 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
211 requires a clean build.
214 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
215 instructions can be found at
216 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
217 and other documents in that repo.
220 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
221 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
222 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
223 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
226 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
227 may be installed from ports or packages.
230 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
231 See ping(8) for details.
234 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
235 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
236 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
238 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
239 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
240 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
241 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
242 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
245 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
246 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
247 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
248 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
249 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
253 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
254 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
255 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
256 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
258 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
259 command you want to un-auger the tree is
262 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
263 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
266 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
267 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
268 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
269 unless you want to use new features.
271 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
272 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
273 rebuilding world may fail.
275 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
276 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
278 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
279 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
280 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
281 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
284 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
285 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
286 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
287 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
290 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
291 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
295 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
296 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
299 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
300 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
301 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
302 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
305 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
306 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
307 from sources, so a version bump was done.
310 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
311 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
312 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
313 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
316 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
317 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
318 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
319 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
320 continue to function.
322 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
323 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
324 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
325 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
328 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
329 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
330 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
331 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
332 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
333 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
334 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
337 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
338 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
341 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
342 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
343 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
346 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
347 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
348 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
349 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
351 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
352 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
353 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
354 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
358 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
359 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
360 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
361 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
364 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
365 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
368 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
369 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
370 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
371 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
372 be functional without closefrom(2).
375 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
376 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
377 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
378 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
379 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
380 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
383 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
384 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
385 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
386 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
389 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
390 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
391 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
394 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
397 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
398 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
399 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
402 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
403 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
406 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
407 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
408 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
412 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
413 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
417 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
418 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
419 together with their new kernel.
422 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
423 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
424 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
426 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
427 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
430 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
434 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
435 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
436 external toolchain package.
439 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
440 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
441 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
442 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
443 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
446 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
447 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
448 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
449 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
452 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
453 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
454 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
458 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
461 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
462 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
463 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
464 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
467 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
468 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
469 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
472 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
473 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
474 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
475 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
476 differences between those included in the port and those included in
477 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
478 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
479 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
482 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
483 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
487 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
488 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
489 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
490 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
491 add superio to the set.
494 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
495 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
498 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
499 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
500 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
501 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
502 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
503 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
504 completely in the future.
507 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
508 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
509 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
510 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
511 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
512 will be removed from the list.
515 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
516 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
517 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
518 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
521 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
522 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
523 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
524 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
527 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
528 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
529 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
530 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
533 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
534 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
535 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
538 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
539 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
540 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
541 your scripts, because they had no effect.
543 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
544 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
545 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
546 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
547 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
550 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
551 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
552 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
553 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
554 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
555 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
556 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
559 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
560 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
561 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
562 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
565 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
566 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
567 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
568 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
571 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
572 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
573 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
576 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
577 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
578 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
579 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
580 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
581 avoid running into the limit.
584 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
585 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
588 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
589 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
590 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
591 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
592 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
593 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
596 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
597 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
600 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
601 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
602 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
603 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
604 availability properties.
606 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
607 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
608 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
609 initial condition, if desired.
611 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
612 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
614 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
615 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
616 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
617 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
620 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
621 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
622 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
623 therefore unblocked).
626 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
627 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
628 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
629 is added to the command line.
630 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
631 not affected and should continue to work.
634 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
635 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
636 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
637 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
640 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
641 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
642 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
646 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
647 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
651 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
652 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
653 migrating to the drm ports.
656 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
657 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
658 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
659 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
660 is loaded automatically.
663 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
664 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
665 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
669 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
670 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
671 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
672 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
675 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
676 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
677 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
678 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
679 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
683 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
684 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
685 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
687 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
688 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
690 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
691 removed from the mips port.
694 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
695 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
696 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
700 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
701 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
704 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
705 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
706 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
707 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
710 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
711 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
712 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
715 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
716 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
717 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
721 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
722 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
723 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
725 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
726 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
727 being included using the command:
731 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
732 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
735 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
736 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
737 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
738 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
739 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
740 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
741 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
742 that as you will get better support.
744 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
745 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
746 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
747 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
749 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
750 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
751 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
752 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
756 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
757 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
758 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
759 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
760 be adjusted as necessary.
763 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
764 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
765 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
766 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
769 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
770 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
771 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
772 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
776 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
777 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
778 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
779 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
783 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
784 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
785 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
786 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
787 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
788 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
791 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
792 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
793 default since FreeBSD-11.
796 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
797 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
798 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
801 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
802 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
803 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
804 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
805 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
806 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
807 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
809 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
810 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
813 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
814 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
815 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
816 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
817 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
818 may not be observed in a future release.
821 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
822 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
826 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
827 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
828 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
829 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
832 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
833 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
834 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
835 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
839 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
840 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
841 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
844 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
845 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
846 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
847 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
848 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
851 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
852 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
853 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
854 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
855 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
856 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
859 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
860 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
861 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
865 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
866 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
867 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
870 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
871 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
872 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
873 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
874 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
875 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
876 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
877 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
878 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
879 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
883 Big endian arm support has been removed.
886 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
887 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
888 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
889 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
890 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
893 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
894 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
895 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
896 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
897 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
898 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
901 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
902 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
905 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
906 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
907 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
908 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
909 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
910 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
911 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
914 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
915 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
916 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
920 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
921 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
922 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
926 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
927 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
930 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
931 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
935 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
936 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
937 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
938 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
941 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
942 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
943 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
947 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
948 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
949 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
953 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
954 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
955 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
956 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
957 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
958 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
961 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
962 workaround is necessary.
965 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
966 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
967 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
968 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
971 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
972 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
973 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
974 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
975 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
978 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
979 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
980 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
981 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
984 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
985 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
986 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
990 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
991 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
995 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
996 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1000 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1001 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1002 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1003 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1004 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1006 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1007 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1008 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1009 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1010 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1011 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1012 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1014 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1015 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1018 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1021 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1022 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1023 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1025 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1027 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1028 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1029 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1030 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1031 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1032 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1033 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1035 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1039 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1040 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1041 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1044 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1045 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1046 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1047 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1048 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1049 should be as simple as:
1051 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1052 $ make depend all install
1055 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1056 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1057 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1058 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1059 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1060 provisions for backup boot methods.
1063 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1064 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1065 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1069 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1070 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1071 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1075 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1076 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1077 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1079 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1080 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1083 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1084 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1085 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1086 remove it from kernel config files.
1089 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1090 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1091 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1093 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1094 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1097 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1098 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1099 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1100 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1103 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1104 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1107 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1108 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1109 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1110 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1113 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1114 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1115 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1116 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1117 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1118 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1121 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1122 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1123 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1126 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1127 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1128 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1129 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1130 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1133 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1134 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1135 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1136 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1137 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1141 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1142 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1143 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1144 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1145 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1146 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1147 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1148 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1149 than hardcoding paths.
1152 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1153 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1154 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1157 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1158 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1159 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1160 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1163 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1164 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1167 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1168 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1169 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1170 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1173 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1174 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1175 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1176 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1177 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1180 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1181 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1182 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1183 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1187 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1188 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1189 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1190 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1191 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1194 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1195 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1198 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1199 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1203 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1204 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1208 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1209 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1210 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1211 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1213 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1214 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1215 sandbox if successful.
1217 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1218 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1219 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1220 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1221 an unprivileged user.
1224 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1225 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1226 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1227 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1228 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1229 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1230 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1231 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1232 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1233 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1234 to which you should answer yes.
1237 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1238 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1239 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1240 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1241 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1244 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1245 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1246 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1249 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1250 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1253 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1254 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1255 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1256 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1257 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1258 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1259 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1262 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1263 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1264 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1265 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1266 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1267 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1270 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1271 if you require the GPL compiler.
1274 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1275 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1276 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1279 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1280 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1281 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1285 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1286 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1287 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1288 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1289 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1290 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1293 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1294 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1295 which only require one chipset support.
1297 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1301 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1302 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1303 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1305 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1306 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1309 * load the chip modules in question
1310 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1312 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1313 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1315 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1318 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1319 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1320 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1322 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1323 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1324 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1326 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1327 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1328 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1329 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1330 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1331 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1332 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1333 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1336 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1337 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1338 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1341 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1342 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1343 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1346 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1347 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1348 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1349 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1350 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1351 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1352 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1355 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1356 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1357 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1358 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1361 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1362 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1363 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1366 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1367 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1368 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1371 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1372 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1374 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1375 via one of the following methods:
1376 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1377 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1378 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1379 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1381 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1384 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1385 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1386 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1387 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1391 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1392 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1393 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1394 be prefixed with colon.
1397 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1398 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1399 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1402 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1403 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1404 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1407 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1408 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1409 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1413 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1417 MCA bus support has been removed.
1420 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1421 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1424 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1425 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1428 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1429 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1430 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1434 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1435 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1436 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1439 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1440 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1441 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1444 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1445 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1446 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1449 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1450 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1451 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1452 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1455 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1456 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1458 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1459 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1462 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1463 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1464 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1468 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1469 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1470 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1473 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1474 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1477 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1478 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1479 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1480 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1483 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1484 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1485 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1486 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1487 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1490 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1493 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1494 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1495 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1496 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1499 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1500 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1501 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1505 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1506 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1507 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1508 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1509 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1513 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1514 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1517 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1520 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1521 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1522 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1523 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1524 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1525 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1529 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1530 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1531 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1532 previously contained a line like
1533 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1534 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1535 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1539 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1540 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1541 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1542 built with the old headers.
1545 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1546 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1547 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1548 installing a new libc.
1551 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1552 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1553 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1554 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1555 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1556 packages will be needed.
1558 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1559 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1560 and the install steps.
1563 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1564 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1565 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1566 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1567 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1568 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1571 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1572 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1573 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1574 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1575 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1577 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1578 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1579 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1580 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1581 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1583 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1584 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1585 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1586 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1587 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1588 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1591 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1592 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1593 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1594 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1595 quirks entry to 0x3.
1598 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1599 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1600 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1603 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1604 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1607 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1608 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1609 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1610 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1611 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1612 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1613 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1614 stale .depend files.
1617 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1618 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1619 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1623 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1624 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1625 make -C sys/boot install
1626 <reboot in single user>
1628 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1632 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1633 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1634 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1637 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1638 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1639 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1640 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1641 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1642 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1645 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1646 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1647 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1648 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1649 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1652 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1653 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1654 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1655 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1656 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1659 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1660 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1663 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1664 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1665 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1668 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1669 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1670 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1674 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1675 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1676 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1677 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1678 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1679 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1682 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1683 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1684 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1685 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1689 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1690 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1691 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1694 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1695 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1696 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1698 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1699 collation results will be different.
1701 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1702 locales before running make installworld.
1704 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1707 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1708 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1711 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1712 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1713 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1716 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1717 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1718 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1719 and 'make -N' will not.
1722 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1723 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1724 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1725 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1726 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1727 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1728 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1729 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1732 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1733 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1734 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1735 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1738 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1739 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1740 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1743 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1744 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1745 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1746 userland debug files.
1748 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1749 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1750 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1752 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1753 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1756 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1757 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1758 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1759 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1760 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1761 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1764 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1765 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1766 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1769 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1770 them, the kernel must have
1773 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1775 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1776 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1777 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1778 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1780 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1781 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1784 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1785 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1786 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1789 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1790 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1791 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1792 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1794 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1795 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1796 difference with this change.
1798 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1799 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1800 remove that workaround.
1803 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1804 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1805 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1808 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1811 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1812 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1813 loader.rc.local instead.
1816 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1817 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1818 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1821 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1822 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1823 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1825 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1826 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1829 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1830 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1831 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1832 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1833 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1834 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1835 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1836 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1837 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1838 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1839 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1840 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1843 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1844 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1846 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1847 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1848 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1850 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1851 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1853 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1854 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1855 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1857 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1858 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1859 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1860 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1862 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1863 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1864 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1865 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1867 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1868 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1869 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1870 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1871 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1872 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1873 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1874 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1878 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1879 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1882 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1883 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1886 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1887 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1888 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1889 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1890 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1893 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1894 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1895 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1896 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1899 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1900 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1901 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1902 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1903 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1904 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1905 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1907 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1908 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1909 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1910 replace it with '2'.
1911 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1912 a file path, create a new file with:
1913 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1914 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1915 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1916 5. Restart sendmail:
1917 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1919 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1923 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1924 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1925 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1926 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1929 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1932 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1933 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1934 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1937 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1938 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1941 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1942 same but content is different now
1943 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1944 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1945 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1946 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1947 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1950 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1951 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1952 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1955 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1956 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1959 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1960 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1963 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1964 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1965 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1968 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1969 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1970 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1971 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1974 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1975 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1976 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1979 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1980 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1981 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1982 kernel before rebooting.
1985 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1986 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1987 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1988 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1989 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1990 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1993 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1994 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1995 with the new kernel.
1998 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1999 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
2000 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
2003 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
2004 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
2005 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
2006 are not already using 3.5.0.
2009 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2010 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2011 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2012 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2013 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2016 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2017 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
2018 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2019 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2022 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2023 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2026 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2028 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2029 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2030 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2031 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2032 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2033 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2036 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2037 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2040 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2041 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2042 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2043 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2045 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2046 the instructions for 9.x above.
2048 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2049 default, and do not build clang.
2051 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2052 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2053 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2055 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2056 the following are most likely to appear:
2060 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2061 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2062 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2063 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2064 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2065 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2066 cast, or disable the warning.
2068 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2069 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2070 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2071 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2074 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2075 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2077 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2078 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2079 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2080 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2082 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2083 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2084 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2085 unreachable could be optimized away.
2088 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2089 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2090 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2091 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2092 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2093 the utilities will report errors.
2096 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2097 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2098 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2099 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2100 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2104 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2105 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2108 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2109 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2110 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2113 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2114 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2115 indicate what you need to do.
2117 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2118 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2119 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2121 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2122 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2126 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2127 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2131 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2132 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2136 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2140 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2141 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2142 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2143 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2144 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2145 their next update cycle.
2148 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2149 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2150 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2151 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2155 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2156 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2159 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2160 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2161 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2162 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2163 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2167 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2168 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2170 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2173 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2174 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2175 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2176 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2180 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2181 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2185 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2186 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2187 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2188 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2189 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2192 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2193 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2194 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2197 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2198 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2199 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2202 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2203 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2204 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2205 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2206 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2207 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2208 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2209 "make installworld".
2211 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2212 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2213 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2216 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2217 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2218 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2219 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2220 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2223 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2226 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2227 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2231 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2232 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2233 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2234 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2235 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2236 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2237 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2238 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2239 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2240 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2241 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2242 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2244 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2245 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2246 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2250 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2251 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2254 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2255 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2256 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2257 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2258 build hosts for older releases.
2260 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2261 r276991, respectively.
2264 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2265 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2266 will silently lack HESIOD.
2269 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2270 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2271 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2272 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2273 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2274 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2275 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2276 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2277 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2278 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2279 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2280 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2283 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2284 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2285 with command line option -W.
2288 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2289 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2290 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2291 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2292 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2295 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2298 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2299 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2302 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2303 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2304 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2305 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2306 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2309 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2310 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2311 kernel is still highly recommended.
2314 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2315 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2316 capability mode support in kernel.
2319 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2320 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2321 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2322 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2323 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2326 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2327 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2328 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2329 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2330 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2331 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2334 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2335 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2336 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2337 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2338 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2339 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2340 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2341 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2342 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2345 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2346 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2347 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2348 should change your settings to use the latter.
2351 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2352 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2353 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2354 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2355 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2358 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2359 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2360 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2362 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2364 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2367 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2374 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2375 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2376 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2377 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2378 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2379 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2380 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2381 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2383 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2384 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2385 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2386 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2387 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2388 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2389 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2390 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2393 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2394 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2395 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2396 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2399 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2400 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2401 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2402 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2404 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2405 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2406 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2407 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2408 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2409 should write them with this in mind.
2413 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2416 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2417 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2419 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2421 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2422 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2423 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2424 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2427 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2431 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2432 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2433 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2435 make kernel-toolchain
2436 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2437 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2439 To test a kernel once
2440 ---------------------
2441 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2442 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2443 debugging information) run
2444 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2445 nextboot -k testkernel
2447 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2448 -----------------------------------------------------------
2449 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2450 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2452 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2454 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2455 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2457 <reboot in single user> [3]
2464 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2465 --------------------------------------------------
2466 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2467 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2468 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2471 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2474 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2475 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2476 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2477 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2478 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2479 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2480 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2481 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2482 <reboot into current>
2483 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2484 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2488 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2489 ----------------------------------------------
2490 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2492 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2493 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2495 <reboot in single user> [3]
2502 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2503 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2504 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2505 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2506 the UPDATING entries.
2508 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2509 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2510 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2511 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2512 much fewer pitfalls.
2514 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2515 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2516 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2517 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2518 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2519 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2520 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2521 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2523 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2525 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2529 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2530 cd src # full path to source
2531 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2532 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2533 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2535 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2536 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2537 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2538 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2539 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2540 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2541 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2543 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2544 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2545 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2546 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2547 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2548 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2550 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2551 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2552 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2554 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2555 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2556 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2557 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2558 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2559 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2560 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2561 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2563 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2564 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2565 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2568 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2569 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2570 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2572 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2573 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2574 warn if it is improperly defined.
2577 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2578 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2579 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2580 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2581 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2583 Copyright information:
2585 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2587 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2588 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2589 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2591 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2592 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2593 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2594 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2595 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2596 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2597 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2598 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2599 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2600 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2601 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2603 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of