1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
25 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
26 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
29 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
30 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
31 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
32 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
33 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
34 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
35 none of the L2 information.
38 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
39 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
41 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
43 to their kernel config files when specifying:
47 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
48 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
49 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
50 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
53 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
54 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
55 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
56 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
57 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
61 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
62 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
63 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
64 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
67 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
70 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
71 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
72 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
73 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
74 controller add the following to loader.conf:
80 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
81 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
85 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
86 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
87 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
88 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
89 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
98 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
100 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
101 cause compilation to fail.
104 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
107 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
109 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
110 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
111 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
112 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
113 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
114 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
115 accepting the RSA key.
117 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
118 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
121 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
122 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
123 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
127 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
128 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
129 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
131 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
132 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
133 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
134 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
135 use the new device names.
137 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
138 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
139 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
140 at the loader prompt:
142 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
143 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
144 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
145 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
149 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
153 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
154 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
155 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
156 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
159 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
160 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
163 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
164 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
165 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
166 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
167 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
170 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
171 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
172 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
173 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
175 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
178 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
179 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
180 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
181 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
183 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
184 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
185 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
188 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
189 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
190 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
191 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
192 other operation levels.
195 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
196 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
197 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
198 compatibility with any prior release:
200 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
201 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
202 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
205 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
206 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
207 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
208 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
209 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
213 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
214 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
215 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
216 with older hardware easier to do.
219 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
220 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
223 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
224 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
225 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
229 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
233 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
234 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
235 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
236 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
237 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
238 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
239 third-party software might fail to build after this change
240 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
241 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
242 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
243 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
244 case that a portable fix is impossible.
247 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
248 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
249 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
252 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
253 functionality is the default now.
256 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
257 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
258 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
259 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
260 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
262 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
263 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
264 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
267 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
268 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
269 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
270 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
271 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
272 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
273 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
274 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
275 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
276 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
280 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
281 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
283 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
284 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
285 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
291 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
292 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
295 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
296 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
297 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
298 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
299 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
302 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
303 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
304 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
305 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
309 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
310 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
311 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
314 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
315 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
316 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
319 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
320 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
321 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
322 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
323 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
326 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
327 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
328 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
329 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
330 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
331 will change after some settling time.
334 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
335 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
339 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
340 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
344 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
345 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
346 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
347 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
350 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
351 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
352 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
353 the IPv4 network stack.
355 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
356 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
357 has now been removed.
359 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
360 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
361 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
362 updated to reflect this.
364 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
365 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
369 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
370 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
371 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
372 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
373 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
374 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
375 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
376 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
377 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
378 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
382 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
383 function and starts providing an account management function.
384 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
385 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
386 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
388 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
390 and change it according to this example:
392 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
394 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
395 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
396 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
397 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
400 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
401 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
402 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
403 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
406 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
407 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
408 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
409 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
410 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
411 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
415 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
416 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
417 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
418 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
419 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
420 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
421 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
423 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
424 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
425 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
428 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
429 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
430 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
431 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
434 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
435 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
438 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
439 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
440 base operating system should be recompiled.
443 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
444 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
445 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
446 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
447 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
450 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
451 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
452 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
453 deprecated in previous releases.
454 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
455 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
458 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
459 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
460 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
462 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
465 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
466 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
467 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
468 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
471 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
472 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
473 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
474 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
475 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
476 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
477 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
478 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
479 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
482 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
483 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
484 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
485 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
489 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
490 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
491 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
493 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
494 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
495 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
498 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
499 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
500 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
501 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
502 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
506 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
507 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
508 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
509 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
510 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
513 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
514 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
515 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
516 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
519 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
520 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
521 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
522 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
526 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
527 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
528 with exceptions of followings:
529 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
530 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
531 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
532 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
533 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
534 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
535 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
536 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
539 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
540 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
541 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
542 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
543 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
544 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
546 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
548 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
549 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
550 the array the same way you built it originally.
553 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
554 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
555 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
556 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
557 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
558 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
559 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
562 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
563 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
564 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
565 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
566 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
569 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
570 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
571 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
572 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
573 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
576 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
577 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
578 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
579 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
580 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
581 added to 'struct proc'.
584 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
587 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
588 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
589 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
590 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
591 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
594 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
597 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
598 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
599 systat needs to be rebuilt.
602 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
605 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
606 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
607 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
610 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
611 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
612 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
613 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
614 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
617 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
618 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
619 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
620 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
623 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
624 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
628 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
629 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
630 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
631 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
632 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
635 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
636 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
637 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
638 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
639 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
640 `make installworld' with:
642 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
644 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
645 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
646 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
647 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
650 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
651 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
652 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
653 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
657 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
658 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
659 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
660 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
661 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
662 implements the interface to support it.
665 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
666 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
667 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
668 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
672 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
673 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
674 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
675 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
676 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
677 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
678 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
679 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
680 likely follow. Posting to current@:
682 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
685 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
686 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
689 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
690 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
691 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
692 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
696 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
697 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
698 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
701 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
702 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
705 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
706 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
707 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
708 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
709 on your next install.
710 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
711 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
712 to your /etc/make.conf.
715 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
716 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
717 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
720 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
721 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
722 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
725 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
726 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
729 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
730 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
731 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
732 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
735 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
736 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
737 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
740 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
741 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
742 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
746 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
747 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
748 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
749 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
750 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
751 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
752 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
753 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
756 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
757 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
758 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
761 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
762 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
765 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
766 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
769 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
770 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
771 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
774 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
775 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
776 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
777 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
778 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
779 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
783 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
784 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
787 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
788 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
791 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
792 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
793 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
794 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
798 RELENG_6 branched here.
801 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
802 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
803 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
804 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
805 removable_interfaces.
808 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
809 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
810 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
811 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
812 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
813 affect existing configurations.
816 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
817 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
818 updated to the new APIs.
821 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
822 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
823 will not behave correctly.
825 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
826 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
827 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
830 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
831 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
832 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
833 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
834 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
836 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
837 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
841 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
842 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
845 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
846 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
847 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
848 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
849 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
850 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
851 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
854 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
855 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
856 fail after this date. For full details, please see
857 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
860 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
861 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
862 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
865 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
866 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
867 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
871 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
872 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
873 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
874 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
877 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
878 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
879 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
880 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
881 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
885 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
886 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
889 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
890 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
894 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
895 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
896 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
899 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
900 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
901 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
902 if you have updated the kernel.
904 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
905 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
906 mounting the new volume.
909 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
910 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
911 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
912 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
915 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
916 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
919 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
920 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
921 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
922 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
923 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
924 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
927 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
928 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
929 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
930 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
931 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
934 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
935 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
936 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
937 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
938 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
939 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
940 and wlan_xauth as required.
943 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
944 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
945 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
946 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
950 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
951 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
952 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
953 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
954 the module when a wep key is configured).
957 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
958 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
959 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
962 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
963 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
966 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
967 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
968 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
969 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
970 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
971 their /etc/rc scripts.
974 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
977 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
978 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
979 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
982 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
983 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
984 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
987 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
988 in the RELENG_5 branch.
994 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
995 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
996 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
997 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
998 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
999 on the -current branch).
1001 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1002 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1003 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1004 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1005 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1006 page for more details.
1008 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1009 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1010 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1011 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1012 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1017 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1018 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1019 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1021 make kernel-toolchain
1022 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1023 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1025 To test a kernel once
1026 ---------------------
1027 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1028 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1029 debugging information) run
1030 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1031 nextboot -k testkernel
1033 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1034 --------------------------------------------------------------
1035 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1036 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1037 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1039 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1040 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1041 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1046 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1048 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1049 -----------------------------------------------------------
1050 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1051 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1053 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1055 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1057 <reboot in single user> [3]
1065 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1066 --------------------------------------------------
1067 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1068 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1069 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1072 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1075 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1076 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1077 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1078 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1079 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1080 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1081 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1082 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1083 <reboot into current>
1084 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1085 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1089 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1090 ----------------------------------------------
1091 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1093 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1095 <reboot in single user> [3]
1102 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1103 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1104 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1105 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1106 the UPDATING entries.
1108 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1109 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1110 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1111 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1112 much fewer pitfalls.
1114 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1115 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1118 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1123 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1124 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1125 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1127 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1128 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1129 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1130 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1131 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1132 for potential gotchas.
1134 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1135 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1136 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1137 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1138 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1139 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1141 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1142 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1143 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1144 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1145 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1147 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1148 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1150 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1151 cvs prune empty directories.
1153 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1154 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1155 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1157 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1158 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1159 warn if it is improperly defined.
1162 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1163 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1164 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1165 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1167 Copyright information:
1169 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1171 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1172 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1173 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1175 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1176 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1177 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1178 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1179 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1180 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1181 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1182 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1183 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1184 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1185 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1187 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1190 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of