1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
27 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
29 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
31 to their kernel config files when specifying:
35 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
36 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
37 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
38 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
41 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
42 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
43 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
44 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
45 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
49 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
50 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
51 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
52 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
55 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
58 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
59 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
60 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
61 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
62 controller add the following to loader.conf:
68 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
69 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
73 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
74 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
75 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
76 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
77 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
86 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
88 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
89 cause compilation to fail.
92 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
95 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
97 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
98 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
99 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
100 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
101 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
102 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
103 accepting the RSA key.
105 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
106 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
109 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
110 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
111 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
115 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
116 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
117 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
119 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
120 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
121 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
122 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
123 use the new device names.
125 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
126 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
127 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
128 at the loader prompt:
130 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
131 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
132 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
133 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
137 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
141 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
142 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
143 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
144 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
147 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
148 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
151 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
152 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
153 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
154 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
155 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
158 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
159 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
160 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
161 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
163 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
166 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
167 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
168 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
169 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
171 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
172 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
173 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
176 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
177 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
178 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
179 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
180 other operation levels.
183 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
184 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
185 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
186 compatibility with any prior release:
188 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
189 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
190 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
193 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
194 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
195 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
196 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
197 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
201 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
202 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
203 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
204 with older hardware easier to do.
207 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
208 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
211 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
212 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
213 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
217 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
221 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
222 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
223 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
224 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
225 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
226 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
227 third-party software might fail to build after this change
228 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
229 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
230 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
231 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
232 case that a portable fix is impossible.
235 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
236 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
237 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
240 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
241 functionality is the default now.
244 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
245 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
246 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
247 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
248 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
250 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
251 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
252 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
255 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
256 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
257 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
258 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
259 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
260 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
261 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
262 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
263 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
264 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
268 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
269 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
271 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
272 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
273 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
279 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
280 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
283 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
284 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
285 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
286 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
287 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
290 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
291 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
292 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
293 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
297 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
298 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
299 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
302 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
303 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
304 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
307 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
308 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
309 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
310 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
311 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
314 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
315 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
316 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
317 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
318 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
319 will change after some settling time.
322 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
323 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
327 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
328 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
332 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
333 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
334 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
335 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
338 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
339 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
340 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
341 the IPv4 network stack.
343 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
344 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
345 has now been removed.
347 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
348 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
349 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
350 updated to reflect this.
352 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
353 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
357 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
358 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
359 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
360 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
361 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
362 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
363 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
364 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
365 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
366 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
370 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
371 function and starts providing an account management function.
372 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
373 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
374 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
376 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
378 and change it according to this example:
380 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
382 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
383 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
384 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
385 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
388 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
389 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
390 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
391 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
394 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
395 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
396 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
397 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
398 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
399 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
403 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
404 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
405 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
406 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
407 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
408 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
409 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
411 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
412 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
413 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
416 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
417 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
418 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
419 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
422 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
423 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
426 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
427 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
428 base operating system should be recompiled.
431 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
432 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
433 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
434 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
435 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
438 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
439 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
440 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
441 deprecated in previous releases.
442 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
443 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
446 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
447 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
448 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
450 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
453 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
454 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
455 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
456 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
459 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
460 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
461 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
462 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
463 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
464 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
465 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
466 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
467 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
470 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
471 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
472 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
473 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
477 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
478 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
479 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
481 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
482 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
483 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
486 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
487 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
488 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
489 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
490 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
494 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
495 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
496 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
497 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
498 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
501 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
502 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
503 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
504 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
507 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
508 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
509 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
510 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
514 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
515 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
516 with exceptions of followings:
517 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
518 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
519 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
520 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
521 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
522 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
523 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
524 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
527 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
528 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
529 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
530 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
531 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
532 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
534 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
536 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
537 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
538 the array the same way you built it originally.
541 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
542 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
543 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
544 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
545 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
546 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
547 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
550 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
551 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
552 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
553 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
554 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
557 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
558 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
559 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
560 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
561 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
564 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
565 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
566 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
567 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
568 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
569 added to 'struct proc'.
572 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
575 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
576 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
577 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
578 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
579 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
582 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
585 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
586 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
587 systat needs to be rebuilt.
590 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
593 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
594 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
595 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
598 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
599 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
600 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
601 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
602 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
605 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
606 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
607 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
608 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
611 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
612 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
616 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
617 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
618 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
619 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
620 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
623 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
624 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
625 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
626 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
627 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
628 `make installworld' with:
630 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
632 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
633 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
634 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
635 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
638 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
639 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
640 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
641 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
645 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
646 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
647 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
648 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
649 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
650 implements the interface to support it.
653 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
654 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
655 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
656 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
660 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
661 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
662 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
663 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
664 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
665 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
666 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
667 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
668 likely follow. Posting to current@:
670 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
673 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
674 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
677 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
678 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
679 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
680 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
684 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
685 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
686 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
689 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
690 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
693 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
694 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
695 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
696 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
697 on your next install.
698 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
699 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
700 to your /etc/make.conf.
703 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
704 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
705 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
708 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
709 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
710 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
713 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
714 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
717 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
718 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
719 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
720 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
723 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
724 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
725 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
728 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
729 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
730 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
734 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
735 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
736 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
737 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
738 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
739 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
740 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
741 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
744 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
745 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
746 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
749 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
750 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
753 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
754 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
757 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
758 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
759 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
762 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
763 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
764 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
765 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
766 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
767 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
771 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
772 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
775 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
776 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
779 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
780 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
781 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
782 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
786 RELENG_6 branched here.
789 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
790 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
791 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
792 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
793 removable_interfaces.
796 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
797 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
798 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
799 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
800 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
801 affect existing configurations.
804 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
805 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
806 updated to the new APIs.
809 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
810 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
811 will not behave correctly.
813 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
814 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
815 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
818 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
819 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
820 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
821 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
822 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
824 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
825 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
829 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
830 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
833 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
834 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
835 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
836 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
837 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
838 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
839 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
842 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
843 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
844 fail after this date. For full details, please see
845 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
848 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
849 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
850 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
853 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
854 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
855 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
859 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
860 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
861 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
862 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
865 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
866 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
867 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
868 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
869 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
873 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
874 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
877 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
878 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
882 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
883 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
884 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
887 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
888 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
889 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
890 if you have updated the kernel.
892 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
893 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
894 mounting the new volume.
897 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
898 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
899 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
900 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
903 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
904 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
907 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
908 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
909 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
910 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
911 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
912 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
915 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
916 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
917 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
918 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
919 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
922 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
923 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
924 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
925 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
926 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
927 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
928 and wlan_xauth as required.
931 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
932 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
933 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
934 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
938 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
939 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
940 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
941 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
942 the module when a wep key is configured).
945 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
946 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
947 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
950 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
951 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
954 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
955 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
956 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
957 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
958 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
959 their /etc/rc scripts.
962 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
965 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
966 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
967 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
970 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
971 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
972 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
975 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
976 in the RELENG_5 branch.
982 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
983 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
984 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
985 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
986 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
987 on the -current branch).
989 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
990 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
991 environment when searching for values for global variables.
992 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
993 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
994 page for more details.
996 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
997 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
998 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
999 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1000 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1005 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1006 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1007 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1009 make kernel-toolchain
1010 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1011 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1013 To test a kernel once
1014 ---------------------
1015 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1016 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1017 debugging information) run
1018 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1019 nextboot -k testkernel
1021 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1022 --------------------------------------------------------------
1023 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1024 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1025 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1027 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1028 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1029 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1034 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1036 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1037 -----------------------------------------------------------
1038 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1039 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1041 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1043 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1045 <reboot in single user> [3]
1053 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1054 --------------------------------------------------
1055 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1056 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1057 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1060 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1063 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1064 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1065 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1066 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1067 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1068 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1069 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1070 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1071 <reboot into current>
1072 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1073 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1077 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1078 ----------------------------------------------
1079 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1081 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1083 <reboot in single user> [3]
1090 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1091 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1092 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1093 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1094 the UPDATING entries.
1096 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1097 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1098 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1099 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1100 much fewer pitfalls.
1102 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1103 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1106 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1111 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1112 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1113 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1115 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1116 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1117 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1118 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1119 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1120 for potential gotchas.
1122 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1123 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1124 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1125 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1126 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1127 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1129 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1130 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1131 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1132 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1133 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1135 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1136 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1138 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1139 cvs prune empty directories.
1141 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1142 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1143 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1145 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1146 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1147 warn if it is improperly defined.
1150 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1151 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1152 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1153 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1155 Copyright information:
1157 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1159 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1160 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1161 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1163 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1164 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1165 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1166 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1167 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1168 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1169 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1170 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1171 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1172 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1173 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1175 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1178 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of