1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 5.x IS SLOW:
8 FreeBSD 5.x has many debugging features turned on, in
9 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
10 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
11 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
12 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
13 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
14 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
15 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
16 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
17 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
18 to maximize performance.
21 The netgraph ABI version number has been incremented to indicate
22 an incompatible change in the ABI. Old netgraph nodes will refuse
23 to attach until recompiled. Netgraph now uses mbuf tags to move
24 metadata and this commit removes its home-grown metadata facility.
25 Nodes should just recompile, unless they use metadata, in which
26 case the changes are simple; the file ng_ksocket.c serves as an
27 example of such changes.
30 ACPI has been updated to disable known-bad BIOS revisions. A message
31 will be printed on console indicating that ACPI has been disabled
32 automatically and that the user should use a newer BIOS, if possible.
33 If you think ACPI does work on your system and want to override
34 this (i.e., for testing), set hint.acpi.0.disabled="0" at the
38 pf was updated to OpenBSD-stable 3.5 and pflogd(8) is priviledge
39 separated now. It uses the newly created "_pflogd" user/group
40 combination. If you plan to use pflogd(8) make sure to run
41 mergemaster -p or install the "_pflogd" user and group manually.
44 Network interface cloning has been overhauled. This change will
45 require a recompile of modules using cloning and modification of
46 external ones to the new API. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
47 to 502119 to mark this change. Additionally, users creating
48 stf(4) interfaces via "ifconfig stf" will need to update their
49 scripts as this will create an interface named "stf" instead of
50 "stf0" and ifconfig will not print "stf0" to stdout.
53 On 20040524, the /etc/rc.d/nsswitch script was modified to
54 automatically create /etc/nsswitch.conf on startup if it did
55 not already exist. Unfortunately, an error in the man page
56 was carried over to the script, resulting in incorrect
57 nsswitch settings. The simplest remedy is to remove both
58 /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/host.conf; they will be recreated
59 during the next reboot.
62 The return value of sema_timedwait(9) has been changed to
63 make it consistent with cv_timedwait(9). Be sure to recompile
64 the ips module and any third-party modules which call
68 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet.
69 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of
70 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place
71 please recompile and reinstall world.
74 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c)
75 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree.
78 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly
79 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your
83 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command
84 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without
85 options are not affected but those with options may break until
86 ipfw(8) is recompiled.
89 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this
90 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to
94 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes
95 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable
96 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0.
99 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy
100 drive is still broken.
103 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management
104 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until
105 the unanticipated problems have been resolved.
108 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process,
109 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring
110 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes
111 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running
112 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running
113 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom".
116 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant
117 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and
118 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322,
119 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this
120 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack.
121 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should
122 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over.
123 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient
124 locking is merged to permit this to take place.
127 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to
128 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people
129 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for
130 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People
131 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event.
134 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make
135 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required
136 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your
137 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf.
138 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The
139 pf system consists of the following three devices:
141 device pflog # optional
142 device pfsync # optional
145 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition
146 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of
149 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1
150 libc_r.so libpthread.so
152 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r
153 to use libpthread instead.
156 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1
157 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is
158 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default).
159 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may
160 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced.
163 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated
164 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that
165 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some
166 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs
167 should remain unaffected.
170 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor
171 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that
172 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD
173 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions
174 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations
175 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors.
178 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm
179 and related userland network utilities neccessary.
182 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways.
183 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT.
184 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION.
185 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated.
188 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer
189 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time.
192 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the
193 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also
194 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For
195 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links
196 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until
197 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is
198 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that
199 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or
200 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended
201 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using
202 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf
203 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries
204 do not work with libpthread.
207 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler
208 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be
209 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more
210 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not
211 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option
212 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE.
215 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly
216 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory,
217 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option.
220 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail
221 if the login process is unable to successfully set the
222 process credentials to include all groups defined for the
223 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators
224 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups
225 defined, or they will be unable to log in.
228 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required
229 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically.
232 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to
233 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem
234 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel
235 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about
236 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will
237 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs
239 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the
240 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since
241 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option
242 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you
243 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4!
244 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs
245 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad
246 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports
247 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after
248 these changes are installed.
250 ****************************DANGER*******************************
252 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and
253 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a
254 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old
258 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This
259 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph
260 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require
261 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in
262 sync before rebooting.
265 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default
266 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical
267 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS.
268 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the
269 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel
270 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled.
273 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by
274 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily
275 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your
276 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver.
279 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing
280 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with
281 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most
282 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated
283 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to
287 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove
288 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly.
289 __FreeBSD_version bumpted to 501110.
292 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and
293 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel.
296 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS
297 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was
298 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has
299 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS
300 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c.
303 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally
304 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system
305 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See
306 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp.
309 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started
310 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This
311 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address
312 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute.
315 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be
316 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb
317 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when
318 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or
319 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest
320 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'.
321 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time
322 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts
323 may or may not exist on your system.
326 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h
327 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it.
328 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your
329 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically.
332 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel.
333 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be
334 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine
335 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted.
338 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated
339 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your
340 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel
341 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org
342 so the quirk can be re-enabled.
345 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues
346 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time.
349 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't
350 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but
351 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real
355 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue.
356 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others
357 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment.
358 People should report those issues to current@.
361 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN
362 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove
366 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code
367 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your
368 LANG environment variable.
371 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel
372 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly
373 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on
374 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig
375 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup
379 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you
380 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is
381 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure
382 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1)
383 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one-
384 time snafu. Typical failure mode:
386 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092:
387 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored
388 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored
389 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored
392 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC
393 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of
394 usr.bin/sed/process.c).
397 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting
398 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT
399 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS.
402 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and
403 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you
404 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE
405 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld.
408 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems
409 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org.
410 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can
411 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating,
412 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that
413 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed.
416 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd
417 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The
418 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You
419 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating
420 userland. In general, you should have a userland and
421 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the
422 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some
426 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit
427 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1)
428 while upgrading the system through a buildworld.
430 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
431 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update
432 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee
433 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc:
435 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \
436 make cleandir && make obj && \
437 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \
438 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install
441 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important
442 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses
443 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is
444 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines
445 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately.
448 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard.
449 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should
450 be removed when convenient.
453 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users
454 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys.
457 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently
458 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config.
459 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler
460 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like
461 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try
462 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion.
465 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree.
466 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate
469 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are
470 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line
471 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility
475 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC
476 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions
477 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous
478 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any
479 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not
480 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be
484 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay
485 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need
486 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work
487 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get
488 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301.
491 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on
492 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work
493 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in
494 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
497 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep
498 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT
502 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels.
503 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to
504 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you
505 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD
506 partition really is on. The old device names have gone
507 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust
508 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in
509 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.)
512 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or
513 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems
514 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory",
515 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD
516 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c).
518 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
519 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit
520 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the
521 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the
522 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN,
523 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR.
526 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible
527 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++
528 programs and libraries need to be recompiled.
530 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before
531 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed.
534 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm
535 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default.
536 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use
537 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings).
540 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was
541 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line
545 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as
546 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare
547 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The
548 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option.
551 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved.
552 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the
553 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP
554 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds.
555 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE.
558 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the
559 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and
563 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer
564 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add
565 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed
566 with the set-user-ID bit set.
569 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2.
570 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand
571 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to
572 generated debugging information for our native GDB.
575 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc
576 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc
577 and then do a cvs update.
580 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the
581 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio.
584 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it
585 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf
586 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail
587 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to
588 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting
589 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will
590 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot.
593 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option.
596 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today.
599 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer,
600 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line.
603 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no
604 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support
605 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run
606 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf,
607 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details.
609 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are
610 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID
611 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group
612 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will
613 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user
614 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and
615 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'.
616 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install
617 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a
618 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed
622 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/
623 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified
624 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If
625 you have local modifications, you can use
626 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your
629 Please see the following url for more details:
630 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no>
632 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable
633 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed
634 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za>
637 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file
638 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring
639 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its
640 own. All the accumulated features and bugfixes of the i4b
641 version have now been merged back into the base system's
642 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this
643 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with
644 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired
645 as well. (There has never been rc file support for
646 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be
647 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.)
650 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically
651 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and
652 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the
653 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of
654 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by
655 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They
656 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using
660 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed,
661 and truss(1) now works again.
664 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8)
665 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please
667 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org>
671 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the
672 kernel and burncd to be in sync.
675 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the
676 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your
677 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's
680 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead
681 until the issue has been resolved.
684 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been
688 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding
689 after this date. You need to do this only once.
692 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough
693 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be
694 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal."
697 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect
698 choppy waves in the upgrade process.
701 The asr driver problem has been resolved.
704 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver
705 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending
706 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you
707 try to use from this date forward.
710 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use
711 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET,
712 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on
713 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and
717 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed.
718 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications
722 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than
723 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will
724 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment,
725 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works
726 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa).
729 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines.
730 To disable ACPI you can add
731 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"
732 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot
735 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko
736 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config
737 file and not list acpi in that list.
740 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install
741 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries
742 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to
743 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the
744 following to get them installed only once:
745 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch>
747 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this.
750 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools
751 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This
752 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary
754 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO"
755 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This
756 can be removed afterwards.
758 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed.
761 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code.
762 NFS may be unstable after this date.
765 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in
766 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the
767 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and
771 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work
772 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer
773 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems
774 have been rectified around this date.
777 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as
778 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure
779 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8))
780 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make
781 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write)
782 permission for your name server configuration and that it
783 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and
786 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure
787 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying
792 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond
793 the ability of the shared library major number to handle.
794 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The
795 solution is to rebuild those ports.
798 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO
799 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO.
802 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected.
803 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is
804 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some
805 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events.
806 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts.
809 Softupdates problems have been corrected.
812 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always,
813 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional
814 kernel building methods.
817 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some
818 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your
819 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have
820 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet).
823 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not
824 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted
825 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file.
828 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing
829 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due
830 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To
831 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism
832 until this bug is fixed.
834 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config
835 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the
836 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not.
839 Locale names have changed to match other systems better.
842 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change
843 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by
844 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this.
845 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang.
847 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an
848 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what
851 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd
852 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before
853 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to
854 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags.
857 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this,
858 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only
859 a limited time. If you see
861 install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together
863 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using
867 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However,
868 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha
869 definitely is in bad shape.
872 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems
873 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see
874 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495
875 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message
877 Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty
880 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient.
883 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over
884 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if
885 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org.
888 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and
889 userland at the same time.
892 New ncurses imported.
895 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this
896 will be the only way to go starting July 1.
899 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different,
900 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no.
903 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT.
906 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT.
909 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to
910 go back in the water.
913 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after
914 this date, but before the correction date.
917 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed.
920 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations
921 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility.
922 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old
923 fsck with the new kernel ever.
926 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab.
927 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for
928 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary.
931 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your
932 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and
933 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work
934 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig.
937 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC
938 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have
939 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details.
942 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile
943 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus.
946 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode
950 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now.
951 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std.
952 ssh might not work if you don't.
955 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments,
956 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if
957 you use the ed driver.
960 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly
961 safe to go back into the water.
964 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If
965 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost
966 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned
967 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0
968 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time.
970 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following
971 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we
972 don't have to move this to the updating section.
974 To get around the installworld problem, do:
975 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed
979 If that doesn't work, then try:
980 # make -k installworld
984 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you
985 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result.
988 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated.
989 Remove them from your config.
992 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
993 buildkernel has been changed slightly
994 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
995 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You
996 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly.
999 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO.
1000 This requires a new config to build correctly.
1003 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the
1004 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it
1005 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations.
1008 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync.
1011 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in
1012 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit.
1015 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you
1016 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core
1017 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem
1018 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the
1019 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you
1020 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that
1021 might have been ignored by the -k option.
1023 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your
1024 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports
1028 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The
1029 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed
1030 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this.
1033 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver
1034 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line
1035 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys
1036 cards will not be recognized without it.
1039 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked
1040 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires
1041 adding the following in pam.conf:
1043 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so
1044 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass
1045 sshd session required pam_permit.so
1048 cvs updated to 1.11.
1051 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure
1052 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed
1053 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig,
1054 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one
1058 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1059 Sendmail has been updated.
1060 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1061 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary.
1062 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL
1064 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY
1066 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1).
1067 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed
1068 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf.
1069 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names
1071 More details can be found at
1072 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010
1075 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update
1076 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems.
1079 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses
1080 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete
1084 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout.
1085 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING
1086 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing
1087 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole
1088 tree for anything to work.
1091 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information.
1094 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken
1095 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the
1096 same time as your kernel.
1099 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to
1100 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time
1101 when they resume. Include
1103 in your config file and
1104 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa"
1105 to your /boot/device.hints file.
1108 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device,
1109 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have
1110 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your
1111 own kernel config file.
1116 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do
1120 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to
1121 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to
1122 reflect this if you load this module at boot time.
1123 The line should read:
1127 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it
1128 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely
1129 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make
1130 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at
1131 first blush appear related to SMP.
1134 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things,
1135 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See
1136 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network
1137 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you
1138 don't have one, and you have host.conf.
1141 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface
1142 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer
1143 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use
1144 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you
1145 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes.
1148 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is
1149 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location
1152 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time.
1153 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/
1154 installkernel/installworld dance.
1156 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory
1157 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale
1158 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct
1159 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures
1160 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update.
1162 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then
1163 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old
1164 chflags noschg /kernel.old
1165 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1166 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1170 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light.
1171 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will
1172 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than
1173 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the
1174 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and
1175 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail
1176 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email
1177 is not likely to be generated.
1180 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to
1181 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture
1182 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints
1183 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note,
1184 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and
1185 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot
1186 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the
1190 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and
1191 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to
1195 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but
1196 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use
1197 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true
1198 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this,
1199 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl
1200 will fix this until the next build.
1203 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more
1204 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration
1206 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README
1207 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users
1208 - MSA port (587) turned on by default
1209 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9
1210 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl')
1211 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured
1212 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial'
1213 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B
1214 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info
1217 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must
1218 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build.
1219 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and
1220 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a
1221 specific use for it.
1224 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading
1225 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to
1226 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup
1227 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course):
1228 # Enable network daemons for user convenience.
1230 portmap_enable="YES"
1231 sendmail_enable="YES"
1234 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you
1235 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES".
1238 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if
1239 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL'
1240 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel
1241 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have
1242 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL
1243 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel
1247 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get
1248 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check
1249 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read
1250 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt
1251 for details on potential problems that you might have and how
1254 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the
1255 clauses above, you needn't worry.
1258 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of
1259 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike
1260 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run
1261 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security.
1264 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard
1265 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options
1266 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that
1267 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do
1268 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently
1269 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange
1270 errors. (see below, 20000624).
1272 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto.
1275 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things
1276 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to
1277 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following:
1278 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf
1281 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This
1282 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6
1283 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly
1284 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will
1285 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the
1289 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done
1290 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at
1291 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for
1295 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to
1296 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th.
1299 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start
1300 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older
1301 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated.
1304 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree.
1305 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites,
1306 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org.
1309 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto
1310 system installed in order to build the system and kernel.
1311 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as
1312 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS
1313 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they
1314 were required. You should check with the latest collections
1315 to make sure that these haven't changed.
1318 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of
1319 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random.
1320 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD
1321 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services
1322 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress.
1323 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this
1324 date to the completion of the work.
1326 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add '
1327 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev
1328 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and
1329 recreate the random and urandom devices.
1332 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause
1333 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links
1334 that used to be required when updating.
1337 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on
1338 the config file update procedure.
1339 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html
1340 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES
1341 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file:
1342 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT
1345 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon
1346 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and
1347 that workaround will no longer be required.
1350 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the
1351 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update
1352 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd
1355 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a
1356 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern
1357 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases
1361 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail
1362 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will
1363 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive
1364 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format
1365 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or
1366 NEWCARD for examples of the new format.
1368 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry
1369 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism
1370 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards
1374 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody
1375 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need
1376 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a
1377 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel.
1379 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf
1380 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It
1381 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem
1385 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling.
1388 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected.
1389 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand
1390 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly.
1393 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info
1397 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and
1398 connected to the kernel building instead.
1401 You may need to build gperf
1402 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install
1403 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses
1404 an option only in -current.
1407 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more
1408 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to
1409 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem
1410 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but
1411 before you reboot, you'll need to issue:
1412 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig
1413 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine.
1416 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they
1417 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to
1418 cope if you have a problem combination is to add:
1419 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0
1420 to the start of /etc/rc.conf.
1423 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the
1424 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old
1425 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must
1426 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers
1427 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with
1428 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001.
1431 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party.
1432 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the
1433 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel
1434 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing.
1435 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules
1436 that you are loading are up to date.
1439 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you
1440 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0'
1441 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your
1442 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not
1446 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how
1447 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x.
1453 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1454 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1455 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1456 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1457 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1458 on the -current branch).
1460 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1461 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1462 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1463 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1464 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1465 page for more details.
1469 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1470 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
1471 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
1472 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1473 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1475 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1476 --------------------------------------------------------------
1477 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1478 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1479 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1481 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1482 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1483 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1488 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1490 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1491 -----------------------------------------------------------
1492 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1493 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1495 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1496 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1498 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1499 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1501 <reboot in single user> [3]
1502 /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1509 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1510 --------------------------------------------------
1511 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1512 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1513 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1516 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1519 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1520 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1521 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1522 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1523 cp /usr/src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \
1524 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed
1525 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1526 cd /usr/src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1527 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1528 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1529 <reboot into current>
1530 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1531 <maybe install compatibility libraries from /usr/src/lib/compat>
1535 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
1536 ----------------------------------------------
1537 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
1538 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x
1539 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
1540 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
1541 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
1542 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
1543 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
1546 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1547 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1549 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1550 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
1551 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1552 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6]
1554 <reboot in single user> [3]
1555 /usr/src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1557 rm -rf /usr/include/g++
1562 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1563 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1564 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1565 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1566 the UPDATING entries.
1568 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1569 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1570 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1571 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1572 much fewer pitfalls.
1574 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1575 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1578 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
1579 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
1582 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1587 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1588 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1589 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1590 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about
1591 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
1592 be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
1594 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1595 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1596 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1597 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1598 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1599 for potential gotchas.
1601 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1602 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1603 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1604 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1605 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1606 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1608 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
1609 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
1610 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
1612 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
1613 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
1616 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
1617 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386
1618 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the
1619 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break.
1620 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
1621 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a.
1623 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1624 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1625 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1626 that is hard to boot to recover.
1628 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1629 cvs prune empty directories. Also, if CPUTYPE is defined in your
1630 /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the "?=" instead of the "=" assignment
1631 operator, so that buildworld can override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1632 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything,
1633 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x
1634 compatibility libraries are build which should allow you to continue
1635 using your existing software for a while.
1637 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
1638 initialized by feeding data into it. /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
1642 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1643 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1644 and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
1645 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1647 Copyright information:
1649 Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1651 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1652 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1653 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1655 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1656 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1657 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1658 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1659 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1660 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1661 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1662 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1663 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1664 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1665 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1667 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1670 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of