1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
27 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
28 state will require a world rebuild.
29 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
31 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
32 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
33 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
36 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
37 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
38 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
39 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
41 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
43 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
44 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
45 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
46 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
47 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
48 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
49 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
50 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
53 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
54 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
55 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
58 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
59 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
60 introduces some changes:
62 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
63 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
64 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
66 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
67 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
68 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
69 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
71 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
72 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
73 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
76 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
79 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
80 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
84 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
85 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
86 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
87 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
88 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
91 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
92 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
93 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
94 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
98 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
99 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
100 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
101 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
104 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
105 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
108 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
109 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
111 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
112 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
113 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
115 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
116 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
117 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
118 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
119 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
120 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
121 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
122 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
124 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
125 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
126 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
127 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
128 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
129 to preserve the existing behaviour.
131 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
132 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
133 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
134 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
135 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
137 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
138 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
139 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
142 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
143 recompiled to reflect this.
144 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
147 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
148 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
149 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
150 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
151 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
152 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
155 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
156 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
157 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
158 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
159 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely
160 raised to allow such segments to be created.
163 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
164 network device driver modules.
167 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
168 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
171 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
172 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
173 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
174 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
175 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
179 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
180 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
181 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
185 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
186 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
188 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
189 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
190 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
193 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
194 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
195 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
196 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
197 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
198 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
200 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
201 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
203 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
204 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
207 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
208 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
209 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
210 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
214 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
215 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
218 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
219 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
220 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
221 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
222 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
223 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
226 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
227 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
228 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
229 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
232 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
233 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
234 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
235 in next mpd5.3 release.
238 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
239 the base system (it was a port).
242 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
243 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
246 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
247 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
248 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
249 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
250 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
251 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
252 none of the L2 information.
255 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
256 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
258 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
260 to their kernel config files when specifying:
264 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
265 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
266 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
267 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
270 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
271 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
272 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
273 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
274 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
278 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
279 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
280 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
281 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
284 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
287 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
288 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
289 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
290 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
291 controller add the following to loader.conf:
297 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
298 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
302 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
303 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
304 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
305 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
306 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
309 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
315 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
317 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
318 cause compilation to fail.
321 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
324 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
326 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
327 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
328 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
329 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
330 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
331 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
332 accepting the RSA key.
334 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
335 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
338 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
339 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
340 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
344 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
345 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
346 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
348 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
349 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
350 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
351 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
352 use the new device names.
354 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
355 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
356 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
357 at the loader prompt:
359 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
360 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
361 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
362 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
366 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
370 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
371 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
372 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
373 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
376 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
377 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
380 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
381 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
382 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
383 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
384 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
387 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
388 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
389 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
390 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
392 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
395 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
396 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
397 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
398 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
400 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
401 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
402 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
405 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
406 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
407 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
408 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
409 other operation levels.
412 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
413 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
414 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
415 compatibility with any prior release:
417 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
418 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
419 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
422 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
423 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
424 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
425 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
426 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
430 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
431 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
432 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
433 with older hardware easier to do.
436 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
437 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
440 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
441 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
442 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
446 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
450 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
451 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
452 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
453 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
454 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
455 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
456 third-party software might fail to build after this change
457 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
458 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
459 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
460 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
461 case that a portable fix is impossible.
464 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
465 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
466 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
469 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
470 functionality is the default now.
473 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
474 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
475 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
476 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
477 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
479 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
480 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
481 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
484 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
485 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
486 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
487 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
488 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
489 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
490 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
491 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
492 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
493 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
497 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
498 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
500 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
501 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
502 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
508 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
509 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
512 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
513 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
514 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
515 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
516 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
519 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
520 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
521 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
522 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
526 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
527 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
528 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
531 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
532 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
533 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
536 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
537 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
538 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
539 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
540 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
543 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
544 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
545 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
546 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
547 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
548 will change after some settling time.
551 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
552 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
556 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
557 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
561 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
562 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
563 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
564 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
567 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
568 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
569 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
570 the IPv4 network stack.
572 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
573 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
574 has now been removed.
576 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
577 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
578 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
579 updated to reflect this.
581 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
582 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
586 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
587 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
588 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
589 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
590 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
591 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
592 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
593 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
594 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
595 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
599 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
600 function and starts providing an account management function.
601 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
602 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
603 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
605 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
607 and change it according to this example:
609 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
611 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
612 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
613 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
614 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
617 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
618 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
619 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
620 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
623 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
624 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
625 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
626 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
627 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
628 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
632 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
633 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
634 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
635 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
636 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
637 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
638 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
640 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
641 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
642 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
645 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
646 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
647 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
648 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
651 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
652 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
655 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
656 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
657 base operating system should be recompiled.
660 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
661 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
662 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
663 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
664 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
667 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
668 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
669 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
670 deprecated in previous releases.
671 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
672 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
675 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
676 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
677 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
679 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
682 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
683 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
684 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
685 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
688 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
689 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
690 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
691 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
692 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
693 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
694 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
695 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
696 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
699 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
700 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
701 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
702 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
706 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
707 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
708 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
710 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
711 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
712 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
715 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
716 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
717 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
718 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
719 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
723 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
724 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
725 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
726 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
727 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
730 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
731 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
732 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
733 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
736 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
737 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
738 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
739 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
743 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
744 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
745 with exceptions of followings:
746 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
747 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
748 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
749 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
750 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
751 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
752 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
753 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
756 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
757 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
758 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
759 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
760 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
761 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
763 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
765 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
766 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
767 the array the same way you built it originally.
770 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
771 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
772 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
773 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
774 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
775 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
776 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
779 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
780 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
781 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
782 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
783 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
786 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
787 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
788 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
789 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
790 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
793 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
794 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
795 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
796 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
797 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
798 added to 'struct proc'.
801 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
804 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
805 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
806 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
807 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
808 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
811 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
814 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
815 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
816 systat needs to be rebuilt.
819 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
822 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
823 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
824 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
827 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
828 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
829 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
830 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
831 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
834 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
835 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
836 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
837 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
840 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
841 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
845 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
846 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
847 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
848 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
849 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
852 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
853 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
854 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
855 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
856 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
857 `make installworld' with:
859 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
861 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
862 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
863 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
864 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
867 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
868 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
869 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
870 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
874 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
875 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
876 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
877 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
878 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
879 implements the interface to support it.
882 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
883 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
884 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
885 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
889 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
890 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
891 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
892 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
893 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
894 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
895 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
896 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
897 likely follow. Posting to current@:
899 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
902 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
903 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
906 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
907 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
908 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
909 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
913 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
914 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
915 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
918 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
919 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
922 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
923 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
924 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
925 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
926 on your next install.
927 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
928 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
929 to your /etc/make.conf.
932 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
933 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
934 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
937 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
938 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
939 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
942 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
943 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
946 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
947 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
948 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
949 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
952 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
953 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
954 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
957 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
958 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
959 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
963 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
964 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
965 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
966 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
967 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
968 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
969 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
970 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
973 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
974 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
975 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
978 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
979 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
982 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
983 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
986 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
987 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
988 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
991 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
992 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
993 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
994 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
995 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
996 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1000 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1001 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1004 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1005 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1008 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1009 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1010 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1011 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1015 RELENG_6 branched here.
1018 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1019 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1020 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1021 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1022 removable_interfaces.
1025 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1026 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1027 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1028 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1029 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1030 affect existing configurations.
1033 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1034 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1035 updated to the new APIs.
1038 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1039 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1040 will not behave correctly.
1042 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1043 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1044 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1047 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1048 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1049 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1050 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1051 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1053 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1054 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1058 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1059 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1062 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1063 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1064 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1065 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1066 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1067 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1068 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1071 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1072 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1073 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1074 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1077 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1078 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1079 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1082 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1083 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1084 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1088 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1089 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1090 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1091 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1094 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1095 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1096 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1097 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1098 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1099 none at this point.)
1102 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1103 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1106 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1107 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1108 with the new kernel.
1111 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1112 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1113 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1116 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1117 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1118 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1119 if you have updated the kernel.
1121 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1122 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1123 mounting the new volume.
1126 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1127 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1128 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1129 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1132 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1133 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1136 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1137 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1138 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1139 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1140 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1141 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1144 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1145 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1146 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1147 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1148 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1151 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1152 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1153 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1154 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1155 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1156 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1157 and wlan_xauth as required.
1160 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1161 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1162 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1163 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1167 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1168 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1169 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1170 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1171 the module when a wep key is configured).
1174 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1175 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1176 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1179 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1180 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1183 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1184 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1185 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1186 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1187 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1188 their /etc/rc scripts.
1191 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1194 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1195 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1196 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1199 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1200 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1201 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1204 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1205 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1211 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1212 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1213 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1214 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1215 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1216 on the -current branch).
1218 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1219 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1220 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1221 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1222 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1223 page for more details.
1225 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1226 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1227 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1228 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1229 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1234 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1235 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1236 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1238 make kernel-toolchain
1239 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1240 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1242 To test a kernel once
1243 ---------------------
1244 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1245 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1246 debugging information) run
1247 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1248 nextboot -k testkernel
1250 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1251 --------------------------------------------------------------
1252 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1253 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1254 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1256 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1257 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1258 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1263 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1265 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1266 -----------------------------------------------------------
1267 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1268 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1270 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1272 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1274 <reboot in single user> [3]
1282 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1283 --------------------------------------------------
1284 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1285 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1286 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1289 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1292 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1293 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1294 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1295 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1296 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1297 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1298 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1299 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1300 <reboot into current>
1301 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1302 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1306 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1307 ----------------------------------------------
1308 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1310 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1312 <reboot in single user> [3]
1319 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1320 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1321 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1322 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1323 the UPDATING entries.
1325 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1326 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1327 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1328 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1329 much fewer pitfalls.
1331 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1332 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1335 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1340 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1341 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1342 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1344 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1345 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1346 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1347 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1348 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1349 for potential gotchas.
1351 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1352 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1353 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1354 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1355 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1356 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1358 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1359 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1360 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1361 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1362 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1364 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1365 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1367 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1368 cvs prune empty directories.
1370 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1371 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1372 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1374 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1375 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1376 warn if it is improperly defined.
1379 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1380 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1381 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1382 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1384 Copyright information:
1386 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1388 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1389 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1390 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1392 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1393 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1394 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1395 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1396 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1397 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1398 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1399 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1400 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1401 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1402 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1404 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1407 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of