1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
9 portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes).
11 [[ The UPDATING file will be trimmed to 20040814 on or about Oct 1, 2004 ]]
13 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW:
14 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in
15 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
16 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
17 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
18 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
19 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
20 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
21 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
22 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
23 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
24 to maximize performance.
27 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
28 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
29 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
30 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
31 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
32 their /etc/rc scripts.
35 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
36 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
37 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
40 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
41 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
42 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
45 A major sweep over the tty drivers to elimnate approx 3100
46 lines of copy&pasted code have been performed. As a part of
47 this change some tty devices have changed names:
48 sio devices are now named: {tty,cua}d%d[.init,.lock]
49 ucom devices are now named: {tty,cua}U%d[.init,.lock]
50 For other drivers see the commit logs.
53 The FreeBSD keyword is no longer a requirement for a valid
54 rc.d script. The rc(8) and rc.shutdown(8) scripts no longer check
55 for the existence of this keyword when ordering rc.d scripts.
56 This change touches most of the file in /etc/rc.d; therefore,
57 if you have not modified any files in that directory it may
58 be easier to rm -rf /etc/rc.d and then use the -i switch with
62 One of the syscalls the 1:1 threading library libthr uses has
63 changed, thus breaking ABI compatibility. Make sure you rebuild
64 this library with the kernel.
67 The following libraries had their version number bumped up:
68 /lib/libm.so.2 -> libm.so.3
69 /lib/libreadline.so.4 -> libreadline.so.5
70 /usr/lib/libhistory.so.4 -> libhistory.so.5
71 /usr/lib/libopie.so.2 -> libopie.so.3
72 /usr/lib/libpcap.so.2 -> libpcap.so.3
73 FreeBSD 4.10 versions of these libraries will be added to the
74 compat4x collection. If you expect to be able to run old 4.X
75 executables you will need to remove the old versions of these
76 libraries. However note that any 5.X executables you have built
77 will stop working once you remove those old libraries. You should
78 have all your ports/packages rebuilt before removing the old
82 The pfil API has gained an additional argument to pass an inpcb.
83 You should rebuild all pfil consuming modules: ipfw, ipfilter
87 If named is enabled, the default is now to run it in a chroot
88 "sandbox." For users with existing configurations in
89 /etc/namedb the migration should be simple. Upgrade your
90 world as usual, then after installworld but before
91 mergemaster do the following:
93 If named is running: /etc/rc.d/named stop
96 mkdir -p /var/named/etc/namedb
97 cp -Rp namedb.bak/* /var/named/etc/namedb/
98 mergemaster (with your usual options)
99 If using the generated localhost* files:
100 cd /var/named/etc/namedb
101 /bin/sh make-localhost
102 rm -f localhost-v6.rev localhost.rev
103 /etc/rc.d/syslogd restart
104 /etc/rc.d/named start
106 If you are using a custom configuration, or if you have
107 customised the named_* variables in /etc/rc.conf[.local]
108 then you may have to adjust the instructions accordingly.
109 It is suggested that you carefully examine the new named
110 variables in /etc/defaults/rc.conf and the options in
111 /var/named/etc/namedb/named.conf to see if they might
112 now be more suitable.
115 BIND 9 has been imported into the base, and is now fully
116 functional. BIND 8 has now been removed. There are numerous
117 differences between BIND 8 and 9, and users with critical
118 named installations should read the migration documentation
119 in /usr/share/doc/bind9/misc/migration. There is also a
120 new instruction manual in /usr/share/doc/bind9/arm.
122 The key differences that most users will experience are in
123 how picky BIND 9 is about zone file format. If you are using
124 named as a resolving (caching) name server, you will likely
127 The following files are part of the old BIND 8 installation
128 and should be removed:
129 /usr/bin/dnskeygen /usr/bin/dnsquery /usr/libexec/named-xfer
130 /usr/sbin/named.restart /usr/sbin/ndc
132 The following files have moved to /usr/bin, and should be
133 removed from their old locations:
134 /usr/sbin/nslookup /usr/sbin/nsupdate
137 The format of the pflogd(8) logfile "/var/log/pflog" has changed for
138 architectures that have a 64 bit long type to make it compatible to
139 the standard pcap format. In order to prevent corruption move away
140 any old logfile before using a new pflogd(8).
143 debug.witness_* has been renamed to debug.witness.*. There are
144 compatibility tunables left in for a few days. Update loader.conf
148 The ifi_epoch change has been reverted because the ABI breakage
149 was too extensive. If you are running with a kernel/userland
150 containing the initial change (20040830), you should heed the
151 warning about ifconfig incompatibility when upgrading again.
152 With this change, 5.3 and 6.0 ifconfigs and kernels are once
156 A new variable, ifi_epoch, has been added to struct if_data
157 which is part if struct ifnet. This means all network drivers
158 and network monitoring applications need to be recompiled.
160 WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING
162 This also breaks ifconfig compatibility. An old ifconfig will
163 not work with the new kernel and a new ifconfig will not work
164 with the old. It is strongly recommended that you make a copy
165 of your old ifconfig before installworld. If you are installing
166 remotely, you must copy over a new ifconfig before rebooting in
170 The default configuration for the network stack has been changed
171 such that it now runs without the Giant lock unless configured
172 otherwise. If you experience network-related instability, you
173 may wish to try setting "debug.mpsafenet=0" or compiling the
174 kernel with "options NET_WITH_GIANT". Details on the netperf
175 project may be found at:
177 http://www.watson.org/~robert/freebsd/netperf/
179 Including the 20040828 announcement of configuration change
183 PFIL_HOOKS are a fixed part of the network stack now and do not
184 need to be specified in the kernel configuration file anymore.
187 Netgraph changed its message format slightly to align the data
188 portion well on 64 bit machines.
189 Netgraph using utilities (e.g. ngctl, nghook, ppp, mpd,
190 pppoed, bluetooth, ATM) should be recompiled when a new kernel
194 IPFW has been converted to use PFIL_HOOKS. This change is
195 transparent to userland and preserves the ipfw ABI. The ipfw
196 core packet inspection and filtering functions have not been
197 changed, only how ipfw is invoked is different. Note that
198 "option PFIL_HOOKS" is required to use IPFIREWALL compiled
199 into the kernel or as KLD.
202 The RANDOM_IP_ID option has been replaced by the sysctl
203 net.inet.ip.random_id. If you had RANDOM_IP_ID in your kernel then
204 you may want to add "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" to /etc/sysctl.conf.
207 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of the
208 if_carp placeholder. All kernel modules implementing network
209 interfaces must be recompiled as a result.
212 Module loading has been fixed. Some older installations will
213 drop proper module_path initialization and modules will fail to
214 load properly. If you have a line in /boot/loader.rc that says:
215 "initialize drop", do (i386 only):
216 cp /usr/src/sys/boot/i386/loader/loader.rc /boot/loader.rc
217 chown root:wheel /boot/loader.rc
218 chmod 444 /boot/loader.rc
221 making /dev/(null|zero) into a module proved to be too unpopular,
222 so this bit has been revoked from the previous (20040801) entry.
225 The /dev/mem, /dev/io /dev/(null/zero) devices are now modules,
226 so you may wish to add them to your kernel config file. See
227 GENERIC for examples.
230 System compiler has been upgraded to GCC 3.4.2-pre. As with any major
231 compiler upgrade, there are several issues to be aware of. GCC 3.4.x
232 has broken C++ ABI compatibility with previous releases yet again
233 and users will have to rebuild all their C++ programs with the new
234 compiler. If you are getting run-time error such as
235 /libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Undefined symbol "_ZNSs20_S_empty_rep_storageE"
236 This entry does apply to you.
238 A new unit-at-a-time optimization mode, which is default in this
239 compiler release, is more aggressive in removing unused static
240 symbols. This is the likely cause of 'make buildworld' breakages
241 with non-default CFLAGS where optimization level is set to -O2
244 With the upgrade of the system compiler, the kernel has been upgraded
245 to match the new system compiler. This makes it impossible to build
246 a new kernel with the old compiler. Upgrade your system via
247 make buildworld and make kernel (see below) to fix this problem.
250 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of
251 the IFF_NEEDSGIANT flag (and what it implies). All kernel
252 modules implementing network interfaces must be recompiled as
256 The sound device drivers are renamed. `sound' is always required,
257 while `snd_*' should be configured accordingly to your hardware.
258 Refer to NOTES for the detail of the drivers.
261 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 502122.
264 The console initialization on Alpha has been reworked and is now
265 identical to other platforms. This means that the hardcoding of
266 the serial console and the debug port has been removed. As such,
267 hints are now required for the sio(4) driver to become a console
268 or debug port. The NO_SIO option has been decommissioned because
272 A revamp of the debugging code in the kernel with some visible
273 changes beyond just the debugging experience:
274 o The DDB option is now specific to the DDB debugger backend
275 and should not be used any more for conditional compilation
276 of debugging code for when debugging is enabled. Use the KDB
278 o The WITNESS_DDB, DDB_TRACE and DDB_UNATTENDED options have
279 been renamed to WITNESS_KDB, KDB_TRACE and KDB_UNATTENDED
280 respectively. This is in line with the first bullet.
281 o The remote GDB support has been untangled from DDB and needs
282 to be enabled separately now. Use the GDB option for this.
283 o The GDB_REMOTE_CHAT option has been removed. Support for this
284 homegrown feature is discontinued. The GDB remote protocol
285 supports console output and it makes sense to use that.
286 o The DDB_NOKLDSYM option has been removed. The DDB debugger
287 now supports both direct symbol table lookups as well as KLD
288 symbol lookups through the linker.
291 Bluetooth code has been marked as non-i386 specific.
292 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 502121 to mark this change.
295 The native preemption has been added to the kernel scheduler.
296 There is some report that the ULE scheduler was broken in some
297 machines and we encourage users using the ULE scheduler either
298 stick with a known good kernel, or temporarily switch to the 4BSD
299 scheduler as a workaround.
302 The netgraph ABI version number has been incremented to indicate
303 an incompatible change in the ABI. Old netgraph nodes will refuse
304 to attach until recompiled. Netgraph now uses mbuf tags to move
305 metadata and this commit removes its home-grown metadata facility.
306 Nodes should just recompile, unless they use metadata, in which
307 case the changes are simple; the file ng_ksocket.c serves as an
308 example of such changes.
310 This also broke i4b, although the compile problem has been papered
314 ACPI has been updated to disable known-bad BIOS revisions. A message
315 will be printed on the console indicating that ACPI has been disabled
316 automatically and that the user should use a newer BIOS, if possible.
317 If you think ACPI does work on your system and want to override
318 this (i.e., for testing), set hint.acpi.0.disabled="0" at the
322 pf was updated to OpenBSD-stable 3.5 and pflogd(8) is privilege
323 separated now. It uses the newly created "_pflogd" user/group
324 combination. If you plan to use pflogd(8) make sure to run
325 mergemaster -p or install the "_pflogd" user and group manually.
328 Network interface cloning has been overhauled. This change will
329 require a recompile of modules using cloning and modification of
330 external ones to the new API. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
331 to 502119 to mark this change. Additionally, users creating
332 stf(4) interfaces via "ifconfig stf" will need to update their
333 scripts as this will create an interface named "stf" instead of
334 "stf0" and ifconfig will not print "stf0" to stdout.
337 On 20040524, the /etc/rc.d/nsswitch script was modified to
338 automatically create /etc/nsswitch.conf on startup if it did
339 not already exist. Unfortunately, an error in the man page
340 was carried over to the script, resulting in incorrect
341 nsswitch settings. The simplest remedy is to remove both
342 /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/host.conf; they will be recreated
343 during the next reboot.
346 The return value of sema_timedwait(9) has been changed to
347 make it consistent with cv_timedwait(9). Be sure to recompile
348 the ips module and any third-party modules which call
352 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet.
353 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of
354 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place
355 please recompile and reinstall world.
358 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c)
359 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree.
362 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly
363 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your
364 kernel configuration.
367 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command
368 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without
369 options are not affected but those with options may break until
370 ipfw(8) is recompiled.
373 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this
374 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to
378 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes
379 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable
380 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0.
383 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy
384 drive is still broken.
387 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management
388 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until
389 the unanticipated problems have been resolved.
392 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process,
393 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring
394 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes
395 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running
396 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running
397 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom".
400 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant
401 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and
402 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322,
403 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this
404 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack.
405 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should
406 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over.
407 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient
408 locking is merged to permit this to take place.
411 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to
412 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people
413 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for
414 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People
415 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event.
418 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make
419 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required
420 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your
421 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf.
422 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The
423 pf system consists of the following three devices:
425 device pflog # optional
426 device pfsync # optional
429 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition
430 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of
433 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1
434 libc_r.so libpthread.so
436 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r
437 to use libpthread instead.
440 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1
441 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is
442 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default).
443 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may
444 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced.
447 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated
448 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that
449 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some
450 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs
451 should remain unaffected.
454 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor
455 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that
456 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD
457 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions
458 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations
459 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors.
462 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm
463 and related userland network utilities necessary.
466 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways.
467 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT.
468 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION.
469 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated.
472 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer
473 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time.
476 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the
477 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also
478 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For
479 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links
480 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until
481 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is
482 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that
483 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or
484 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended
485 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using
486 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf
487 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries
488 do not work with libpthread.
491 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler
492 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be
493 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more
494 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not
495 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option
496 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE.
499 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly
500 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory,
501 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option.
504 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail
505 if the login process is unable to successfully set the
506 process credentials to include all groups defined for the
507 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators
508 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups
509 defined, or they will be unable to log in.
512 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required
513 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically.
516 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to
517 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem
518 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel
519 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about
520 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will
521 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs
523 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the
524 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since
525 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option
526 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you
527 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4!
528 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs
529 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad
530 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports
531 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after
532 these changes are installed.
534 ****************************DANGER*******************************
536 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and
537 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a
538 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old
542 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This
543 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph
544 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require
545 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in
546 sync before rebooting.
549 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default
550 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical
551 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS.
552 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the
553 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel
554 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled.
557 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by
558 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily
559 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your
560 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver.
563 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing
564 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with
565 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most
566 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated
567 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to
571 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove
572 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly.
573 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 501110.
576 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and
577 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel.
580 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS
581 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was
582 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has
583 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS
584 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c.
587 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally
588 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system
589 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See
590 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp.
593 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started
594 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This
595 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address
596 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute.
599 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be
600 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb
601 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when
602 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or
603 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest
604 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'.
605 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time
606 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts
607 may or may not exist on your system.
610 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h
611 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it.
612 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your
613 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically.
616 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel.
617 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be
618 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine
619 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted.
622 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated
623 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your
624 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel
625 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org
626 so the quirk can be re-enabled.
629 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues
630 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time.
633 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't
634 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but
635 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real
639 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue.
640 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others
641 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment.
642 People should report those issues to current@.
645 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN
646 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove
650 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code
651 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your
652 LANG environment variable.
655 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel
656 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly
657 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on
658 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig
659 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup
663 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you
664 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is
665 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure
666 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1)
667 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one-
668 time snafu. Typical failure mode:
670 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092:
671 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored
672 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored
673 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored
676 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC
677 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of
678 usr.bin/sed/process.c).
681 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting
682 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT
683 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS.
686 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and
687 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you
688 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE
689 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld.
692 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems
693 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org.
694 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can
695 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating,
696 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that
697 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed.
700 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd
701 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The
702 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You
703 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating
704 userland. In general, you should have a userland and
705 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the
706 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some
710 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit
711 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1)
712 while upgrading the system through a buildworld.
714 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
715 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update
716 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee
717 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc:
719 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \
720 make cleandir && make obj && \
721 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \
722 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install
725 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important
726 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses
727 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is
728 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines
729 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately.
732 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard.
733 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should
734 be removed when convenient.
737 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users
738 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys.
741 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently
742 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config.
743 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler
744 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like
745 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try
746 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion.
749 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree.
750 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate
753 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are
754 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line
755 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility
759 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC
760 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions
761 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous
762 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any
763 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not
764 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be
768 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay
769 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need
770 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work
771 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get
772 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301.
775 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on
776 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work
777 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in
778 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
781 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep
782 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT
786 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels.
787 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to
788 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you
789 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD
790 partition really is on. The old device names have gone
791 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust
792 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in
793 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.)
796 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or
797 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems
798 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory",
799 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD
800 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c).
802 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
803 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit
804 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the
805 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the
806 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN,
807 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR.
810 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible
811 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++
812 programs and libraries need to be recompiled.
814 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before
815 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed.
818 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm
819 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default.
820 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use
821 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings).
824 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was
825 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line
829 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as
830 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare
831 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The
832 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option.
835 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved.
836 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the
837 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP
838 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds.
839 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE.
842 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the
843 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and
847 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer
848 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add
849 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed
850 with the set-user-ID bit set.
853 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2.
854 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand
855 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to
856 generated debugging information for our native GDB.
859 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc
860 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc
861 and then do a cvs update.
864 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the
865 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio.
868 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it
869 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf
870 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail
871 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to
872 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting
873 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will
874 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot.
877 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option.
880 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today.
883 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer,
884 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line.
887 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no
888 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support
889 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run
890 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf,
891 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details.
893 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are
894 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID
895 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group
896 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will
897 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user
898 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and
899 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'.
900 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install
901 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a
902 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed
906 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/
907 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified
908 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If
909 you have local modifications, you can use
910 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your
913 Please see the following url for more details:
914 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no>
916 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable
917 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed
918 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za>
921 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file
922 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring
923 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its
924 own. All the accumulated features and bug fixes of the i4b
925 version have now been merged back into the base system's
926 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this
927 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with
928 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired
929 as well. (There has never been rc file support for
930 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be
931 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.)
934 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically
935 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and
936 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the
937 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of
938 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by
939 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They
940 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using
944 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed,
945 and truss(1) now works again.
948 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8)
949 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please
951 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org>
955 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the
956 kernel and burncd to be in sync.
959 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the
960 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your
961 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's
964 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead
965 until the issue has been resolved.
968 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been
972 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding
973 after this date. You need to do this only once.
976 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough
977 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be
978 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal."
981 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect
982 choppy waves in the upgrade process.
985 The asr driver problem has been resolved.
988 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver
989 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending
990 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you
991 try to use from this date forward.
994 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use
995 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET,
996 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on
997 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and
1001 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed.
1002 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications
1006 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than
1007 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will
1008 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment,
1009 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works
1010 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa).
1013 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines.
1014 To disable ACPI you can add
1015 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"
1016 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot
1017 loader "ok" prompt).
1019 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko
1020 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config
1021 file and not list acpi in that list.
1024 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install
1025 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries
1026 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to
1027 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the
1028 following to get them installed only once:
1029 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch>
1031 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this.
1034 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools
1035 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This
1036 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary
1037 workaround is to add
1038 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO"
1039 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This
1040 can be removed afterwards.
1042 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed.
1045 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code.
1046 NFS may be unstable after this date.
1049 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in
1050 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the
1051 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and
1055 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work
1056 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer
1057 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems
1058 have been rectified around this date.
1061 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as
1062 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure
1063 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8))
1064 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make
1065 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write)
1066 permission for your name server configuration and that it
1067 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and
1070 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure
1071 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying
1076 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond
1077 the ability of the shared library major number to handle.
1078 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The
1079 solution is to rebuild those ports.
1082 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO
1083 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO.
1086 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected.
1087 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is
1088 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some
1089 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events.
1090 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts.
1093 Softupdates problems have been corrected.
1096 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always,
1097 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional
1098 kernel building methods.
1101 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some
1102 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your
1103 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have
1104 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet).
1107 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not
1108 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted
1109 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file.
1112 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing
1113 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due
1114 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To
1115 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism
1116 until this bug is fixed.
1118 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config
1119 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the
1120 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not.
1123 Locale names have changed to match other systems better.
1126 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change
1127 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by
1128 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this.
1129 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang.
1131 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an
1132 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what
1135 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd
1136 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before
1137 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to
1138 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags.
1141 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this,
1142 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only
1143 a limited time. If you see
1145 install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together
1147 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using
1151 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However,
1152 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha
1153 definitely is in bad shape.
1156 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems
1157 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see
1158 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495
1159 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message
1161 Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty
1164 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient.
1167 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over
1168 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if
1169 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org.
1172 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and
1173 userland at the same time.
1176 New ncurses imported.
1179 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this
1180 will be the only way to go starting July 1.
1183 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different,
1184 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no.
1187 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT.
1190 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT.
1193 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to
1194 go back in the water.
1197 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after
1198 this date, but before the correction date.
1201 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed.
1204 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations
1205 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility.
1206 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old
1207 fsck with the new kernel ever.
1210 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab.
1211 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for
1212 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary.
1215 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your
1216 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and
1217 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work
1218 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig.
1221 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC
1222 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have
1223 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details.
1226 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile
1227 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus.
1230 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode
1234 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now.
1235 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std.
1236 ssh might not work if you don't.
1239 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments,
1240 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if
1241 you use the ed driver.
1244 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly
1245 safe to go back into the water.
1248 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If
1249 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost
1250 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned
1251 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0
1252 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time.
1254 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following
1255 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we
1256 don't have to move this to the updating section.
1258 To get around the installworld problem, do:
1259 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed
1263 If that doesn't work, then try:
1264 # make -k installworld
1268 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you
1269 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result.
1272 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated.
1273 Remove them from your config.
1276 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1277 buildkernel has been changed slightly
1278 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1279 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You
1280 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly.
1283 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO.
1284 This requires a new config to build correctly.
1287 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the
1288 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it
1289 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations.
1292 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync.
1295 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in
1296 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit.
1299 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you
1300 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core
1301 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem
1302 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the
1303 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you
1304 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that
1305 might have been ignored by the -k option.
1307 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your
1308 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports
1312 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The
1313 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed
1314 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this.
1317 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver
1318 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line
1319 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys
1320 cards will not be recognized without it.
1323 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked
1324 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires
1325 adding the following in pam.conf:
1327 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so
1328 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass
1329 sshd session required pam_permit.so
1332 cvs updated to 1.11.
1335 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure
1336 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed
1337 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig,
1338 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one
1342 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1343 Sendmail has been updated.
1344 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1345 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary.
1346 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL
1348 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY
1350 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1).
1351 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed
1352 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf.
1353 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names
1355 More details can be found at
1356 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010
1359 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update
1360 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems.
1363 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses
1364 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete
1368 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout.
1369 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING
1370 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing
1371 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole
1372 tree for anything to work.
1375 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information.
1378 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken
1379 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the
1380 same time as your kernel.
1383 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to
1384 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time
1385 when they resume. Include
1387 in your config file and
1388 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa"
1389 to your /boot/device.hints file.
1392 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device,
1393 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have
1394 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your
1395 own kernel config file.
1400 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do
1404 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to
1405 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to
1406 reflect this if you load this module at boot time.
1407 The line should read:
1411 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it
1412 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely
1413 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make
1414 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at
1415 first blush appear related to SMP.
1418 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things,
1419 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See
1420 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network
1421 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you
1422 don't have one, and you have host.conf.
1425 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface
1426 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer
1427 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use
1428 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you
1429 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes.
1432 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is
1433 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location
1436 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time.
1437 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/
1438 installkernel/installworld dance.
1440 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory
1441 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale
1442 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct
1443 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures
1444 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update.
1446 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then
1447 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old
1448 chflags noschg /kernel.old
1449 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1450 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1454 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light.
1455 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will
1456 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than
1457 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the
1458 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and
1459 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail
1460 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email
1461 is not likely to be generated.
1464 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to
1465 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture
1466 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints
1467 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note,
1468 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and
1469 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot
1470 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the
1474 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and
1475 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to
1479 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but
1480 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use
1481 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true
1482 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this,
1483 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl
1484 will fix this until the next build.
1487 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more
1488 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration
1490 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README
1491 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users
1492 - MSA port (587) turned on by default
1493 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9
1494 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl')
1495 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured
1496 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial'
1497 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B
1498 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info
1501 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must
1502 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build.
1503 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and
1504 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a
1505 specific use for it.
1508 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading
1509 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to
1510 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup
1511 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course):
1512 # Enable network daemons for user convenience.
1514 portmap_enable="YES"
1515 sendmail_enable="YES"
1518 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you
1519 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES".
1522 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if
1523 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL'
1524 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel
1525 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have
1526 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL
1527 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel
1531 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get
1532 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check
1533 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read
1534 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt
1535 for details on potential problems that you might have and how
1538 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the
1539 clauses above, you needn't worry.
1542 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of
1543 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike
1544 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run
1545 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security.
1548 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard
1549 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options
1550 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that
1551 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do
1552 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently
1553 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange
1554 errors. (see below, 20000624).
1556 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto.
1559 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things
1560 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to
1561 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following:
1562 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf
1565 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This
1566 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6
1567 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly
1568 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will
1569 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the
1573 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done
1574 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at
1575 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for
1579 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to
1580 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th.
1583 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start
1584 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older
1585 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated.
1588 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree.
1589 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites,
1590 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org.
1593 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto
1594 system installed in order to build the system and kernel.
1595 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as
1596 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS
1597 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they
1598 were required. You should check with the latest collections
1599 to make sure that these haven't changed.
1602 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of
1603 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random.
1604 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD
1605 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services
1606 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress.
1607 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this
1608 date to the completion of the work.
1610 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add '
1611 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev
1612 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and
1613 recreate the random and urandom devices.
1616 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause
1617 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links
1618 that used to be required when updating.
1621 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on
1622 the config file update procedure.
1623 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html
1624 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES
1625 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file:
1626 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT
1629 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon
1630 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and
1631 that workaround will no longer be required.
1634 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the
1635 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update
1636 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd
1639 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a
1640 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern
1641 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases
1645 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail
1646 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will
1647 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive
1648 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format
1649 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or
1650 NEWCARD for examples of the new format.
1652 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry
1653 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism
1654 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards
1658 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody
1659 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need
1660 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a
1661 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel.
1663 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf
1664 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It
1665 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem
1669 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling.
1672 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected.
1673 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand
1674 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly.
1677 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info
1681 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and
1682 connected to the kernel building instead.
1685 You may need to build gperf
1686 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install
1687 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses
1688 an option only in -current.
1691 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more
1692 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to
1693 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem
1694 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but
1695 before you reboot, you'll need to issue:
1696 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig
1697 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine.
1700 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they
1701 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to
1702 cope if you have a problem combination is to add:
1703 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0
1704 to the start of /etc/rc.conf.
1707 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the
1708 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old
1709 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must
1710 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers
1711 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with
1712 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001.
1715 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party.
1716 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the
1717 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel
1718 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing.
1719 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules
1720 that you are loading are up to date.
1723 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you
1724 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0'
1725 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your
1726 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not
1730 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how
1731 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x.
1735 # NOTE: 5.x below applies to 6.0-currrent as well, for the
1736 # momemnt. 4.any -> 5.any upgrade support will remain in
1737 # place for 6.0 current, but after 5.3 RELEASE, the 4.any ->
1738 # 6.0-current upgrade path will require moving through 5.3
1743 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1744 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1745 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1746 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1747 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1748 on the -current branch).
1750 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1751 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1752 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1753 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1754 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1755 page for more details.
1759 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1760 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
1761 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
1762 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1763 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1765 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1766 --------------------------------------------------------------
1767 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1768 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1769 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1771 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1772 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1773 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1778 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1780 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1781 -----------------------------------------------------------
1782 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1783 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1785 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1786 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1788 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1790 <reboot in single user> [3]
1791 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1798 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1799 --------------------------------------------------
1800 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1801 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1802 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1805 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1808 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1809 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1810 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1811 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1812 cp src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \
1813 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed
1814 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1815 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1816 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1817 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1818 <reboot into current>
1819 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1820 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat>
1824 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
1825 ----------------------------------------------
1826 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
1827 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.x onto a 4.x
1828 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
1829 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
1830 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
1831 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
1832 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
1835 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1836 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1838 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
1839 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1840 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6]
1842 <reboot in single user> [3]
1843 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1845 rm -rf /usr/include/g++
1850 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1851 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1852 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1853 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1854 the UPDATING entries.
1856 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1857 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1858 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1859 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1860 much fewer pitfalls.
1862 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1863 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1866 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
1867 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
1870 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1875 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1876 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1877 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1878 For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about
1879 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
1880 be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
1882 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1883 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1884 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1885 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1886 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1887 for potential gotchas.
1889 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1890 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1891 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1892 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1893 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1894 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1896 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
1897 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
1898 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
1900 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
1901 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
1904 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
1905 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form /dev/ad0a
1906 without the actual slice name. These will break with 5.x and newer.
1907 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
1908 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. i386 and pc98 are affected, while alpha
1911 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1912 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1913 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1914 that is hard to boot to recover.
1916 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1917 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1919 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1920 cvs prune empty directories.
1922 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1923 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1924 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1926 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1927 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1928 warn if it is improperly defined.
1930 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything,
1931 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x
1932 compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue
1933 using your existing software for a while. Alternatively, you can
1934 install the misc/compat4x port.
1936 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
1937 initialized by feeding data into it. src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
1941 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1942 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1943 and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
1944 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1946 Copyright information:
1948 Copyright 1998-2004 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1950 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1951 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1952 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1954 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1955 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1956 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1957 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1958 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1959 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1960 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1961 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1962 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1963 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1964 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1966 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1969 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of