1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 5.x IS SLOW:
8 FreeBSD 5.x has many debugging features turned on, in
9 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
10 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
11 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
12 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
13 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
14 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
15 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
16 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
17 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
18 to maximize performance.
21 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet.
22 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of
23 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place
24 please recompile and reinstall world.
27 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c)
28 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree.
31 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly
32 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your
36 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command
37 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without
38 options are not affected but those with options may break until
39 ipfw(8) is recompiled.
42 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this
43 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to
47 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes
48 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable
49 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0.
52 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy
53 drive is still broken.
56 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management
57 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until
58 the unanticipated problems have been resolved.
61 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process,
62 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring
63 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes
64 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running
65 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running
66 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom".
69 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant
70 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and
71 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322,
72 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this
73 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack.
74 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should
75 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over.
76 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient
77 locking is merged to permit this to take place.
80 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to
81 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people
82 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for
83 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People
84 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event.
87 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make
88 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required
89 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your
90 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf.
91 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The
92 pf system consists of the following three devices:
94 device pflog # optional
95 device pfsync # optional
98 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition
99 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of
102 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1
103 libc_r.so libpthread.so
105 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r
106 to use libpthread instead.
109 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1
110 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is
111 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default).
112 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may
113 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced.
116 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated
117 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that
118 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some
119 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs
120 should remain unaffected.
123 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor
124 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that
125 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD
126 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions
127 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations
128 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors.
131 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm
132 and related userland network utilities neccessary.
135 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways.
136 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT.
137 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION.
138 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated.
141 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer
142 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time.
145 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the
146 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also
147 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For
148 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links
149 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until
150 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is
151 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that
152 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or
153 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended
154 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using
155 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf
156 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries
157 do not work with libpthread.
160 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler
161 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be
162 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more
163 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not
164 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option
165 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE.
168 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly
169 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory,
170 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option.
173 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail
174 if the login process is unable to successfully set the
175 process credentials to include all groups defined for the
176 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators
177 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups
178 defined, or they will be unable to log in.
181 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required
182 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically.
185 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to
186 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem
187 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel
188 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about
189 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will
190 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs
192 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the
193 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since
194 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option
195 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you
196 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4!
197 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs
198 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad
199 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports
200 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after
201 these changes are installed.
203 ****************************DANGER*******************************
205 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and
206 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a
207 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old
211 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This
212 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph
213 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require
214 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in
215 sync before rebooting.
218 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default
219 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical
220 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS.
221 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the
222 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel
223 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled.
226 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by
227 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily
228 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your
229 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver.
232 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing
233 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with
234 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most
235 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated
236 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to
240 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove
241 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly.
242 __FreeBSD_version bumpted to 501110.
245 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and
246 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel.
249 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS
250 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was
251 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has
252 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS
253 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c.
256 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally
257 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system
258 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See
259 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp.
262 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started
263 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This
264 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address
265 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute.
268 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be
269 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb
270 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when
271 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or
272 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest
273 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'.
274 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time
275 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts
276 may or may not exist on your system.
279 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h
280 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it.
281 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your
282 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically.
285 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel.
286 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be
287 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine
288 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted.
291 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated
292 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your
293 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel
294 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org
295 so the quirk can be re-enabled.
298 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues
299 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time.
302 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't
303 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but
304 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real
308 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue.
309 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others
310 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment.
311 People should report those issues to current@.
314 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN
315 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove
319 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code
320 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your
321 LANG environment variable.
324 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel
325 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly
326 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on
327 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig
328 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup
332 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you
333 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is
334 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure
335 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1)
336 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one-
337 time snafu. Typical failure mode:
339 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092:
340 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored
341 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored
342 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored
345 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC
346 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of
347 usr.bin/sed/process.c).
350 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting
351 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT
352 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS.
355 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and
356 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you
357 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE
358 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld.
361 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems
362 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org.
363 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can
364 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating,
365 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that
366 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed.
369 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd
370 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The
371 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You
372 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating
373 userland. In general, you should have a userland and
374 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the
375 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some
379 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit
380 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1)
381 while upgrading the system through a buildworld.
383 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
384 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update
385 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee
386 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc:
388 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \
389 make cleandir && make obj && \
390 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \
391 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install
394 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important
395 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses
396 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is
397 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines
398 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately.
401 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard.
402 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should
403 be removed when convenient.
406 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users
407 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys.
410 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently
411 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config.
412 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler
413 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like
414 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try
415 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion.
418 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree.
419 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate
422 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are
423 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line
424 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility
428 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC
429 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions
430 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous
431 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any
432 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not
433 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be
437 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay
438 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need
439 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work
440 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get
441 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301.
444 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on
445 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work
446 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in
447 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
450 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep
451 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT
455 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels.
456 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to
457 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you
458 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD
459 partition really is on. The old device names have gone
460 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust
461 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in
462 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.)
465 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or
466 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems
467 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory",
468 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD
469 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c).
471 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
472 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit
473 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the
474 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the
475 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN,
476 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR.
479 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible
480 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++
481 programs and libraries need to be recompiled.
483 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before
484 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed.
487 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm
488 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default.
489 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use
490 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings).
493 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was
494 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line
498 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as
499 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare
500 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The
501 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option.
504 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved.
505 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the
506 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP
507 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds.
508 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE.
511 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the
512 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and
516 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer
517 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add
518 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed
519 with the set-user-ID bit set.
522 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2.
523 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand
524 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to
525 generated debugging information for our native GDB.
528 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc
529 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc
530 and then do a cvs update.
533 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the
534 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio.
537 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it
538 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf
539 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail
540 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to
541 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting
542 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will
543 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot.
546 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option.
549 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today.
552 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer,
553 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line.
556 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no
557 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support
558 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run
559 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf,
560 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details.
562 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are
563 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID
564 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group
565 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will
566 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user
567 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and
568 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'.
569 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install
570 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a
571 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed
575 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/
576 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified
577 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If
578 you have local modifications, you can use
579 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your
582 Please see the following url for more details:
583 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no>
585 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable
586 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed
587 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za>
590 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file
591 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring
592 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its
593 own. All the accumulated features and bugfixes of the i4b
594 version have now been merged back into the base system's
595 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this
596 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with
597 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired
598 as well. (There has never been rc file support for
599 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be
600 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.)
603 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically
604 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and
605 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the
606 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of
607 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by
608 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They
609 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using
613 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed,
614 and truss(1) now works again.
617 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8)
618 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please
620 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org>
624 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the
625 kernel and burncd to be in sync.
628 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the
629 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your
630 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's
633 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead
634 until the issue has been resolved.
637 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been
641 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding
642 after this date. You need to do this only once.
645 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough
646 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be
647 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal."
650 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect
651 choppy waves in the upgrade process.
654 The asr driver problem has been resolved.
657 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver
658 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending
659 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you
660 try to use from this date forward.
663 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use
664 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET,
665 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on
666 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and
670 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed.
671 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications
675 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than
676 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will
677 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment,
678 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works
679 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa).
682 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines.
683 To disable ACPI you can add
684 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"
685 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot
688 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko
689 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config
690 file and not list acpi in that list.
693 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install
694 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries
695 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to
696 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the
697 following to get them installed only once:
698 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch>
700 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this.
703 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools
704 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This
705 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary
707 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO"
708 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This
709 can be removed afterwards.
711 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed.
714 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code.
715 NFS may be unstable after this date.
718 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in
719 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the
720 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and
724 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work
725 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer
726 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems
727 have been rectified around this date.
730 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as
731 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure
732 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8))
733 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make
734 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write)
735 permission for your name server configuration and that it
736 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and
739 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure
740 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying
745 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond
746 the ability of the shared library major number to handle.
747 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The
748 solution is to rebuild those ports.
751 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO
752 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO.
755 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected.
756 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is
757 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some
758 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events.
759 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts.
762 Softupdates problems have been corrected.
765 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always,
766 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional
767 kernel building methods.
770 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some
771 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your
772 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have
773 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet).
776 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not
777 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted
778 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file.
781 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing
782 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due
783 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To
784 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism
785 until this bug is fixed.
787 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config
788 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the
789 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not.
792 Locale names have changed to match other systems better.
795 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change
796 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by
797 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this.
798 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang.
800 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an
801 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what
804 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd
805 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before
806 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to
807 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags.
810 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this,
811 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only
812 a limited time. If you see
814 install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together
816 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using
820 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However,
821 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha
822 definitely is in bad shape.
825 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems
826 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see
827 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495
828 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message
830 Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty
833 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient.
836 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over
837 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if
838 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org.
841 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and
842 userland at the same time.
845 New ncurses imported.
848 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this
849 will be the only way to go starting July 1.
852 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different,
853 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no.
856 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT.
859 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT.
862 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to
863 go back in the water.
866 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after
867 this date, but before the correction date.
870 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed.
873 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations
874 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility.
875 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old
876 fsck with the new kernel ever.
879 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab.
880 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for
881 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary.
884 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your
885 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and
886 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work
887 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig.
890 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC
891 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have
892 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details.
895 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile
896 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus.
899 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode
903 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now.
904 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std.
905 ssh might not work if you don't.
908 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments,
909 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if
910 you use the ed driver.
913 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly
914 safe to go back into the water.
917 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If
918 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost
919 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned
920 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0
921 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time.
923 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following
924 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we
925 don't have to move this to the updating section.
927 To get around the installworld problem, do:
928 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed
932 If that doesn't work, then try:
933 # make -k installworld
937 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you
938 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result.
941 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated.
942 Remove them from your config.
945 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
946 buildkernel has been changed slightly
947 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
948 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You
949 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly.
952 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO.
953 This requires a new config to build correctly.
956 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the
957 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it
958 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations.
961 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync.
964 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in
965 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit.
968 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you
969 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core
970 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem
971 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the
972 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you
973 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that
974 might have been ignored by the -k option.
976 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your
977 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports
981 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The
982 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed
983 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this.
986 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver
987 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line
988 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys
989 cards will not be recognized without it.
992 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked
993 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires
994 adding the following in pam.conf:
996 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so
997 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass
998 sshd session required pam_permit.so
1001 cvs updated to 1.11.
1004 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure
1005 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed
1006 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig,
1007 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one
1011 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1012 Sendmail has been updated.
1013 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1014 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary.
1015 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL
1017 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY
1019 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1).
1020 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed
1021 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf.
1022 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names
1024 More details can be found at
1025 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010
1028 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update
1029 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems.
1032 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses
1033 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete
1037 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout.
1038 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING
1039 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing
1040 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole
1041 tree for anything to work.
1044 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information.
1047 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken
1048 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the
1049 same time as your kernel.
1052 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to
1053 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time
1054 when they resume. Include
1056 in your config file and
1057 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa"
1058 to your /boot/device.hints file.
1061 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device,
1062 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have
1063 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your
1064 own kernel config file.
1069 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do
1073 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to
1074 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to
1075 reflect this if you load this module at boot time.
1076 The line should read:
1080 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it
1081 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely
1082 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make
1083 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at
1084 first blush appear related to SMP.
1087 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things,
1088 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See
1089 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network
1090 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you
1091 don't have one, and you have host.conf.
1094 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface
1095 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer
1096 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use
1097 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you
1098 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes.
1101 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is
1102 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location
1105 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time.
1106 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/
1107 installkernel/installworld dance.
1109 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory
1110 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale
1111 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct
1112 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures
1113 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update.
1115 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then
1116 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old
1117 chflags noschg /kernel.old
1118 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1119 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1123 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light.
1124 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will
1125 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than
1126 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the
1127 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and
1128 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail
1129 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email
1130 is not likely to be generated.
1133 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to
1134 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture
1135 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints
1136 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note,
1137 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and
1138 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot
1139 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the
1143 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and
1144 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to
1148 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but
1149 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use
1150 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true
1151 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this,
1152 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl
1153 will fix this until the next build.
1156 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more
1157 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration
1159 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README
1160 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users
1161 - MSA port (587) turned on by default
1162 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9
1163 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl')
1164 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured
1165 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial'
1166 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B
1167 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info
1170 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must
1171 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build.
1172 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and
1173 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a
1174 specific use for it.
1177 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading
1178 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to
1179 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup
1180 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course):
1181 # Enable network daemons for user convenience.
1183 portmap_enable="YES"
1184 sendmail_enable="YES"
1187 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you
1188 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES".
1191 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if
1192 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL'
1193 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel
1194 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have
1195 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL
1196 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel
1200 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get
1201 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check
1202 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read
1203 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt
1204 for details on potential problems that you might have and how
1207 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the
1208 clauses above, you needn't worry.
1211 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of
1212 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike
1213 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run
1214 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security.
1217 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard
1218 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options
1219 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that
1220 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do
1221 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently
1222 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange
1223 errors. (see below, 20000624).
1225 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto.
1228 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things
1229 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to
1230 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following:
1231 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf
1234 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This
1235 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6
1236 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly
1237 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will
1238 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the
1242 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done
1243 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at
1244 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for
1248 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to
1249 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th.
1252 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start
1253 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older
1254 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated.
1257 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree.
1258 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites,
1259 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org.
1262 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto
1263 system installed in order to build the system and kernel.
1264 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as
1265 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS
1266 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they
1267 were required. You should check with the latest collections
1268 to make sure that these haven't changed.
1271 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of
1272 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random.
1273 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD
1274 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services
1275 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress.
1276 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this
1277 date to the completion of the work.
1279 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add '
1280 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev
1281 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and
1282 recreate the random and urandom devices.
1285 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause
1286 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links
1287 that used to be required when updating.
1290 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on
1291 the config file update procedure.
1292 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html
1293 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES
1294 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file:
1295 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT
1298 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon
1299 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and
1300 that workaround will no longer be required.
1303 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the
1304 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update
1305 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd
1308 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a
1309 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern
1310 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases
1314 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail
1315 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will
1316 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive
1317 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format
1318 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or
1319 NEWCARD for examples of the new format.
1321 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry
1322 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism
1323 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards
1327 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody
1328 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need
1329 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a
1330 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel.
1332 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf
1333 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It
1334 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem
1338 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling.
1341 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected.
1342 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand
1343 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly.
1346 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info
1350 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and
1351 connected to the kernel building instead.
1354 You may need to build gperf
1355 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install
1356 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses
1357 an option only in -current.
1360 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more
1361 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to
1362 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem
1363 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but
1364 before you reboot, you'll need to issue:
1365 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig
1366 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine.
1369 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they
1370 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to
1371 cope if you have a problem combination is to add:
1372 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0
1373 to the start of /etc/rc.conf.
1376 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the
1377 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old
1378 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must
1379 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers
1380 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with
1381 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001.
1384 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party.
1385 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the
1386 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel
1387 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing.
1388 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules
1389 that you are loading are up to date.
1392 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you
1393 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0'
1394 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your
1395 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not
1399 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how
1400 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x.
1406 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1407 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1408 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1409 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1410 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1411 on the -current branch).
1413 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1414 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1415 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1416 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1417 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1418 page for more details.
1422 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1423 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
1424 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
1425 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1426 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1428 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1429 --------------------------------------------------------------
1430 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1431 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1432 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1434 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1435 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1436 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1441 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1443 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1444 -----------------------------------------------------------
1445 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1446 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1448 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1449 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1451 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1452 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1454 <reboot in single user> [3]
1455 /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1462 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1463 --------------------------------------------------
1464 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1465 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1466 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1469 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1472 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1473 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1474 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1475 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1476 cp /usr/src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \
1477 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed
1478 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1479 cd /usr/src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1480 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1481 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1482 <reboot into current>
1483 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1484 <maybe install compatibility libraries from /usr/src/lib/compat>
1488 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
1489 ----------------------------------------------
1490 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
1491 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x
1492 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
1493 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
1494 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
1495 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
1496 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
1499 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1500 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1502 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1503 cp src/sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
1504 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1505 cd src/sys/boot ; make install [6]
1507 <reboot in single user> [3]
1508 /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1510 rm -rf /usr/include/g++
1515 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1516 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1517 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1518 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1519 the UPDATING entries.
1521 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1522 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1523 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1524 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1525 much fewer pitfalls.
1527 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1528 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1531 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
1532 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
1535 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1540 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1541 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1542 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1543 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about
1544 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
1545 be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
1547 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1548 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1549 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1550 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1551 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1552 for potential gotchas.
1554 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1555 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1556 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1557 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1558 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1559 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1561 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
1562 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
1563 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
1565 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
1566 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
1569 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
1570 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386
1571 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the
1572 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break.
1573 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
1574 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a.
1576 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1577 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1578 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1579 that is hard to boot to recover.
1581 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1582 cvs prune empty directories.
1584 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
1585 initialized by feeding data into it. /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
1589 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1590 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1591 and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
1592 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1594 Copyright information:
1596 Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1598 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1599 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1600 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1602 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1603 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1604 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1605 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1606 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1607 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1608 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1609 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1610 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1611 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1612 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1614 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1617 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of