1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
27 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
28 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
29 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
30 correctly checking networking state from userland.
31 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
34 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
35 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
36 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
37 follows the IPv4 implementation.
39 For kernel developers:
41 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
42 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
43 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
45 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
46 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
47 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
48 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
50 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
51 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
52 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
53 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
54 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
55 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
56 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
57 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
58 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
59 multicast membership on-link.
60 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
61 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
62 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
64 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
65 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
67 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
68 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
71 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
72 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
73 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
74 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
76 For application developers:
78 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
81 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
82 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
84 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
85 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
86 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
87 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
89 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
90 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
91 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
92 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
93 Multicast Source Filters'.
95 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
97 For systems administrators:
99 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
100 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
101 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
102 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
103 returned by getifaddrs(3).
105 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
106 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
108 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
109 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
110 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
111 recommended for optimal system performance.
113 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
114 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
115 back forwarded datagrams.
117 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
120 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
121 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
124 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
125 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
126 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
127 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
130 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
131 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
132 state will require a world rebuild.
133 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
136 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
137 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
138 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
141 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
142 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
143 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
144 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
146 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
149 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
150 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
151 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
152 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
153 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
154 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
155 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
156 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
159 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
160 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
161 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
164 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
165 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
166 introduces some changes:
168 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
169 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
170 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
172 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
173 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
174 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
175 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
177 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
178 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
179 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
182 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
185 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
186 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
190 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
191 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
192 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
193 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
194 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
197 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
198 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
199 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
200 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
204 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
205 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
206 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
207 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
210 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
211 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
214 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
215 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
217 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
218 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
219 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
221 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
222 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
223 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
224 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
225 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
226 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
227 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
228 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
230 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
231 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
232 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
233 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
234 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
235 to preserve the existing behaviour.
237 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
238 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
239 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
240 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
241 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
243 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
244 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
245 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
248 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
249 recompiled to reflect this.
250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
253 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
254 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
255 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
256 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
257 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
258 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
261 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
262 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
263 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
264 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
265 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely
266 raised to allow such segments to be created.
269 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
270 network device driver modules.
273 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
274 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
277 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
278 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
279 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
280 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
281 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
285 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
286 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
287 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
291 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
292 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
294 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
295 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
296 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
299 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
300 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
301 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
302 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
303 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
304 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
306 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
307 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
309 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
310 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
313 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
314 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
315 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
316 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
320 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
321 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
324 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
325 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
326 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
327 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
328 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
329 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
332 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
333 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
334 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
335 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
338 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
339 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
340 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
341 in next mpd5.3 release.
344 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
345 the base system (it was a port).
348 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
349 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
352 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
353 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
354 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
355 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
356 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
357 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
358 none of the L2 information.
361 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
362 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
364 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
366 to their kernel config files when specifying:
370 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
371 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
372 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
373 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
376 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
377 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
378 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
379 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
380 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
384 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
385 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
386 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
387 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
390 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
393 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
394 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
395 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
396 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
397 controller add the following to loader.conf:
403 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
404 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
408 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
409 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
410 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
411 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
412 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
415 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
421 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
423 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
424 cause compilation to fail.
427 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
430 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
432 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
433 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
434 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
435 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
436 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
437 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
438 accepting the RSA key.
440 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
441 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
444 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
445 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
446 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
450 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
451 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
452 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
454 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
455 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
456 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
457 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
458 use the new device names.
460 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
461 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
462 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
463 at the loader prompt:
465 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
466 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
467 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
468 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
472 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
476 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
477 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
478 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
479 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
482 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
483 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
486 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
487 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
488 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
489 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
490 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
493 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
494 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
495 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
496 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
498 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
501 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
502 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
503 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
504 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
506 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
507 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
508 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
511 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
512 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
513 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
514 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
515 other operation levels.
518 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
519 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
520 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
521 compatibility with any prior release:
523 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
524 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
525 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
528 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
529 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
530 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
531 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
532 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
536 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
537 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
538 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
539 with older hardware easier to do.
542 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
543 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
546 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
547 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
548 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
552 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
556 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
557 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
558 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
559 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
560 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
561 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
562 third-party software might fail to build after this change
563 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
564 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
565 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
566 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
567 case that a portable fix is impossible.
570 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
571 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
572 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
575 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
576 functionality is the default now.
579 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
580 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
581 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
582 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
583 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
585 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
586 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
587 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
590 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
591 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
592 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
593 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
594 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
595 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
596 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
597 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
598 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
599 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
603 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
604 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
606 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
607 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
608 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
614 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
615 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
618 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
619 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
620 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
621 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
622 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
625 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
626 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
627 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
628 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
632 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
633 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
634 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
637 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
638 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
639 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
642 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
643 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
644 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
645 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
646 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
649 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
650 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
651 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
652 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
653 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
654 will change after some settling time.
657 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
658 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
662 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
663 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
667 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
668 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
669 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
670 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
673 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
674 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
675 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
676 the IPv4 network stack.
678 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
679 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
680 has now been removed.
682 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
683 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
684 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
685 updated to reflect this.
687 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
688 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
692 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
693 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
694 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
695 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
696 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
697 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
698 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
699 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
700 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
701 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
705 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
706 function and starts providing an account management function.
707 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
708 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
709 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
711 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
713 and change it according to this example:
715 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
717 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
718 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
719 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
720 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
723 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
724 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
725 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
726 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
729 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
730 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
731 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
732 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
733 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
734 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
738 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
739 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
740 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
741 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
742 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
743 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
744 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
746 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
747 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
748 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
751 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
752 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
753 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
754 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
757 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
758 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
761 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
762 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
763 base operating system should be recompiled.
766 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
767 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
768 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
769 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
770 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
773 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
774 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
775 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
776 deprecated in previous releases.
777 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
778 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
781 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
782 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
783 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
785 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
788 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
789 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
790 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
791 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
794 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
795 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
796 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
797 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
798 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
799 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
800 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
801 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
802 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
805 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
806 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
807 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
808 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
812 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
813 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
814 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
816 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
817 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
818 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
821 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
822 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
823 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
824 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
825 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
829 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
830 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
831 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
832 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
833 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
836 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
837 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
838 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
839 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
842 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
843 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
844 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
845 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
849 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
850 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
851 with exceptions of followings:
852 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
853 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
854 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
855 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
856 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
857 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
858 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
859 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
862 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
863 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
864 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
865 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
866 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
867 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
869 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
871 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
872 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
873 the array the same way you built it originally.
876 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
877 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
878 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
879 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
880 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
881 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
882 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
885 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
886 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
887 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
888 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
889 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
892 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
893 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
894 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
895 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
896 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
899 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
900 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
901 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
902 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
903 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
904 added to 'struct proc'.
907 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
910 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
911 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
912 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
913 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
914 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
917 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
920 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
921 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
922 systat needs to be rebuilt.
925 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
928 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
929 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
930 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
933 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
934 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
935 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
936 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
937 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
940 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
941 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
942 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
943 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
946 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
947 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
951 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
952 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
953 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
954 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
955 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
958 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
959 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
960 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
961 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
962 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
963 `make installworld' with:
965 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
967 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
968 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
969 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
970 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
973 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
974 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
975 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
976 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
980 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
981 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
982 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
983 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
984 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
985 implements the interface to support it.
988 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
989 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
990 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
991 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
995 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
996 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
997 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
998 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
999 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1000 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1001 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1002 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1003 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1005 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1008 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1009 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1012 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1013 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1014 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1015 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1019 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1020 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1021 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1024 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1025 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1028 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1029 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1030 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1031 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1032 on your next install.
1033 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1034 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1035 to your /etc/make.conf.
1038 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1039 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1040 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1043 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1044 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1045 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1048 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1049 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1052 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1053 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1054 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1055 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1058 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1059 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1060 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1063 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1064 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1065 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1069 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1070 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1071 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1072 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1073 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1074 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1075 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1076 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1079 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1080 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1081 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1084 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1085 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1088 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1089 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1092 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1093 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1094 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1097 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1098 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1099 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1100 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1101 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1102 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1106 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1107 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1110 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1111 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1114 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1115 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1116 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1117 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1121 RELENG_6 branched here.
1124 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1125 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1126 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1127 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1128 removable_interfaces.
1131 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1132 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1133 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1134 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1135 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1136 affect existing configurations.
1139 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1140 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1141 updated to the new APIs.
1144 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1145 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1146 will not behave correctly.
1148 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1149 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1150 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1153 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1154 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1155 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1156 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1157 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1159 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1160 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1164 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1165 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1168 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1169 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1170 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1171 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1172 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1173 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1174 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1177 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1178 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1179 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1180 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1183 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1184 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1185 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1188 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1189 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1190 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1194 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1195 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1196 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1197 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1200 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1201 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1202 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1203 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1204 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1205 none at this point.)
1208 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1209 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1212 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1213 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1214 with the new kernel.
1217 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1218 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1219 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1222 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1223 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1224 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1225 if you have updated the kernel.
1227 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1228 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1229 mounting the new volume.
1232 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1233 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1234 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1235 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1238 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1239 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1242 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1243 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1244 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1245 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1246 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1247 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1250 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1251 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1252 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1253 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1254 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1257 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1258 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1259 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1260 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1261 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1262 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1263 and wlan_xauth as required.
1266 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1267 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1268 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1269 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1273 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1274 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1275 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1276 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1277 the module when a wep key is configured).
1280 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1281 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1282 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1285 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1286 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1289 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1290 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1291 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1292 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1293 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1294 their /etc/rc scripts.
1297 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1300 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1301 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1302 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1305 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1306 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1307 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1310 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1311 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1317 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1318 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1319 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1320 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1321 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1322 on the -current branch).
1324 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1325 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1326 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1327 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1328 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1329 page for more details.
1331 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1332 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1333 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1334 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1335 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1340 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1341 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1342 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1344 make kernel-toolchain
1345 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1346 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1348 To test a kernel once
1349 ---------------------
1350 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1351 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1352 debugging information) run
1353 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1354 nextboot -k testkernel
1356 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1357 --------------------------------------------------------------
1358 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1359 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1360 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1362 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1363 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1364 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1369 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1371 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1372 -----------------------------------------------------------
1373 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1374 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1376 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1378 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1380 <reboot in single user> [3]
1388 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1389 --------------------------------------------------
1390 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1391 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1392 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1395 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1398 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1399 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1400 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1401 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1402 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1403 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1404 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1405 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1406 <reboot into current>
1407 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1408 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1412 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1413 ----------------------------------------------
1414 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1416 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1418 <reboot in single user> [3]
1425 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1426 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1427 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1428 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1429 the UPDATING entries.
1431 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1432 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1433 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1434 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1435 much fewer pitfalls.
1437 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1438 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1441 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1446 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1447 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1448 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1450 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1451 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1452 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1453 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1454 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1455 for potential gotchas.
1457 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1458 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1459 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1460 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1461 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1462 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1464 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1465 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1466 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1467 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1468 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1470 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1471 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1473 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1474 cvs prune empty directories.
1476 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1477 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1478 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1480 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1481 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1482 warn if it is improperly defined.
1485 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1486 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1487 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1488 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1490 Copyright information:
1492 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1494 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1495 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1496 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1498 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1499 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1500 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1501 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1502 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1503 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1504 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1505 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1506 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1507 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1508 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1510 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1513 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of