1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
19 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
20 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
21 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
25 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
26 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
27 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
30 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
31 instructions can be found at
32 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
33 and other documents in that repo.
36 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
37 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
38 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
39 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
42 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
43 may be installed from ports or packages.
46 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
47 See ping(8) for details.
50 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
51 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
52 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
54 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
55 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
56 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
57 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
58 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
61 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
62 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
63 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
64 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
65 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
69 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
70 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
71 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
72 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
74 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
75 command you want to un-auger the tree is
78 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
79 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
82 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
83 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
84 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
85 unless you want to use new features.
87 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
88 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
89 rebuilding world may fail.
91 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
92 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
94 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
95 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
96 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
97 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
100 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
101 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
102 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
103 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
106 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
107 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
111 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
112 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
115 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
116 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
117 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
118 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
121 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
122 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
123 from sources, so a version bump was done.
126 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
127 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
128 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
129 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
132 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
133 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
134 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
135 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
136 continue to function.
138 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
139 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
140 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
141 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
144 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
145 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
146 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
147 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
148 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
149 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
150 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
153 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
154 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
157 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
158 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
159 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
162 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
163 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
164 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
165 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
167 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
168 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
169 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
170 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
174 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
175 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
176 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
177 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
180 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
181 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
184 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
185 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
186 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
187 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
188 be functional without closefrom(2).
191 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
192 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
193 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
194 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
195 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
196 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
199 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
200 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
201 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
202 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
205 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
206 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
207 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
210 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
213 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
214 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
215 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
218 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
219 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
222 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
223 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
224 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
228 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
229 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
233 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
234 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
235 together with their new kernel.
238 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
239 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
240 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
242 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
243 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
246 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
250 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
251 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
252 external toolchain package.
255 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
256 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
257 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
258 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
259 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
262 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
263 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
264 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
265 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
268 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
269 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
270 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
274 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
277 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
278 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
279 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
280 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
283 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
284 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
285 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
288 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
289 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
290 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
291 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
292 differences between those included in the port and those included in
293 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
294 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
295 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
298 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
299 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
303 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
304 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
305 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
306 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
307 add superio to the set.
310 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
311 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
314 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
315 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
316 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
317 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
318 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
319 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
320 completely in the future.
323 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
324 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
325 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
326 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
327 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
328 will be removed from the list.
331 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
332 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
333 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
334 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
337 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
338 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
339 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
340 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
343 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
344 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
345 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
346 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
349 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
350 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
351 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
354 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
355 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
356 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
357 your scripts, because they had no effect.
359 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
360 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
361 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
362 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
363 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
366 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
367 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
368 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
369 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
370 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
371 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
372 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
375 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
376 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
377 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
378 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
381 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
382 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
383 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
384 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
387 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
388 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
389 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
392 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
393 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
394 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
395 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
396 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
397 avoid running into the limit.
400 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
401 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
404 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
405 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
406 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
407 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
408 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
409 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
412 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
413 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
416 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
417 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
418 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
419 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
420 availability properties.
422 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
423 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
424 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
425 initial condition, if desired.
427 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
428 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
430 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
431 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
432 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
433 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
436 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
437 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
438 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
439 therefore unblocked).
442 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
443 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
444 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
445 is added to the command line.
446 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
447 not affected and should continue to work.
450 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
451 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
452 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
453 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
456 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
457 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
458 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
462 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
463 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
467 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
468 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
469 migrating to the drm ports.
472 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
473 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
474 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
475 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
476 is loaded automatically.
479 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
480 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
481 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
485 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
486 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
487 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
488 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
491 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
492 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
493 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
494 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
495 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
499 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
500 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
501 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
503 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
504 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
506 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
507 removed from the mips port.
510 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
511 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
512 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
516 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
517 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
520 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
521 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
522 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
523 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
526 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
527 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
528 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
531 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
532 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
533 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
537 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
538 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
539 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
541 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
542 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
543 being included using the command:
547 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
548 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
551 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
552 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
553 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
554 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
555 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
556 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
557 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
558 that as you will get better support.
560 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
561 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
562 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
563 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
565 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
566 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
567 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
568 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
572 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
573 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
574 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
575 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
576 be adjusted as necessary.
579 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
580 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
581 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
582 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
585 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
586 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
587 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
588 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
592 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
593 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
594 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
595 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
599 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
600 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
601 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
602 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
603 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
604 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
607 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
608 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
609 default since FreeBSD-11.
612 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
613 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
614 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
617 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
618 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
619 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
620 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
621 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
622 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
623 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
625 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
626 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
629 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
630 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
631 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
632 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
633 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
634 may not be observed in a future release.
637 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
638 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
642 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
643 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
644 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
645 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
648 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
649 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
650 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
651 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
655 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
656 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
657 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
660 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
661 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
662 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
663 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
664 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
667 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
668 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
669 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
670 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
671 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
672 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
675 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
676 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
677 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
681 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
682 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
683 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
686 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
687 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
688 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
689 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
690 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
691 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
692 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
693 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
694 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
695 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
699 Big endian arm support has been removed.
702 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
703 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
704 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
705 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
706 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
709 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
710 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
711 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
712 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
713 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
714 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
717 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
718 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
721 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
722 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
723 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
724 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
725 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
726 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
727 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
730 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
731 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
732 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
736 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
737 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
738 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
742 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
743 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
746 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
747 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
751 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
752 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
753 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
754 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
757 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
758 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
759 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
763 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
764 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
765 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
769 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
770 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
771 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
772 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
773 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
774 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
777 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
778 workaround is necessary.
781 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
782 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
783 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
784 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
787 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
788 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
789 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
790 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
791 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
794 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
795 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
796 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
797 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
800 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
801 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
802 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
806 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
807 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
811 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
812 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
816 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
817 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
818 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
819 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
820 microseconds and time zone offsets.
822 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
823 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
824 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
825 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
826 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
827 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
828 adjustments, depending on the software used.
830 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
831 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
834 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
837 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
838 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
839 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
841 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
843 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
844 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
845 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
846 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
847 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
848 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
849 thus expected to continue to function as before.
851 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
855 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
856 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
857 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
860 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
861 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
862 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
863 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
864 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
865 should be as simple as:
867 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
868 $ make depend all install
871 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
872 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
873 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
874 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
875 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
876 provisions for backup boot methods.
879 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
880 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
881 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
885 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
886 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
887 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
891 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
892 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
893 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
895 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
896 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
899 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
900 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
901 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
902 remove it from kernel config files.
905 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
906 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
907 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
909 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
910 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
913 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
914 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
915 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
916 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
919 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
920 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
923 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
924 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
925 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
926 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
929 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
930 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
931 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
932 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
933 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
934 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
937 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
938 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
939 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
942 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
943 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
944 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
945 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
946 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
949 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
950 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
951 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
952 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
953 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
957 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
958 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
959 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
960 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
961 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
962 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
963 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
964 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
965 than hardcoding paths.
968 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
969 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
970 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
973 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
974 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
975 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
976 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
979 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
980 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
983 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
984 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
985 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
986 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
989 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
990 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
991 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
992 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
993 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
996 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
997 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
998 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
999 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1003 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1004 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1005 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1006 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1007 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1010 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1011 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1014 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1015 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1019 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1020 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1024 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1025 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1026 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1027 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1029 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1030 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1031 sandbox if successful.
1033 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1034 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1035 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1036 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1037 an unprivileged user.
1040 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1041 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1042 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1043 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1044 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1045 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1046 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1047 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1048 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1049 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1050 to which you should answer yes.
1053 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1054 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1055 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1056 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1057 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1060 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1061 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1062 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1065 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1066 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1069 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1070 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1071 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1072 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1073 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1074 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1075 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1078 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1079 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1080 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1081 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1082 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1083 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1086 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1087 if you require the GPL compiler.
1090 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1091 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1092 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1095 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1096 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1097 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1101 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1102 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1103 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1104 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1105 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1106 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1109 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1110 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1111 which only require one chipset support.
1113 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1117 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1118 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1119 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1121 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1122 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1125 * load the chip modules in question
1126 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1128 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1129 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1131 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1134 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1135 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1136 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1138 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1139 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1140 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1142 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1143 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1144 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1145 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1146 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1147 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1148 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1149 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1152 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1153 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1154 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1157 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1158 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1159 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1162 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1163 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1164 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1165 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1166 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1167 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1168 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1171 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1172 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1173 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1174 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1177 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1178 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1179 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1182 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1183 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1184 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1187 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1188 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1190 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1191 via one of the following methods:
1192 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1193 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1194 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1195 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1197 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1200 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1201 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1202 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1203 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1207 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1208 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1209 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1210 be prefixed with colon.
1213 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1214 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1215 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1218 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1219 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1220 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1223 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1224 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1225 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1229 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1233 MCA bus support has been removed.
1236 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1237 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1240 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1241 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1244 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1245 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1246 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1250 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1251 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1252 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1255 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1256 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1257 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1260 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1261 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1262 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1265 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1266 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1267 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1268 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1271 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1272 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1274 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1275 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1278 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1279 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1280 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1284 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1285 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1286 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1289 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1290 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1293 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1294 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1295 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1296 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1299 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1300 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1301 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1302 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1303 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1306 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1309 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1310 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1311 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1312 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1315 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1316 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1317 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1321 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1322 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1323 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1324 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1325 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1329 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1330 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1333 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1336 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1337 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1338 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1339 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1340 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1341 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1345 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1346 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1347 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1348 previously contained a line like
1349 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1350 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1351 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1355 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1356 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1357 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1358 built with the old headers.
1361 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1362 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1363 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1364 installing a new libc.
1367 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1368 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1369 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1370 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1371 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1372 packages will be needed.
1374 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1375 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1376 and the install steps.
1379 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1380 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1381 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1382 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1383 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1384 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1387 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1388 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1389 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1390 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1391 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1393 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1394 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1395 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1396 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1397 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1399 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1400 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1401 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1402 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1403 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1404 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1407 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1408 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1409 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1410 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1411 quirks entry to 0x3.
1414 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1415 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1416 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1419 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1420 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1423 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1424 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1425 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1426 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1427 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1428 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1429 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1430 stale .depend files.
1433 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1434 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1435 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1439 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1440 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1441 make -C sys/boot install
1442 <reboot in single user>
1444 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1448 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1449 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1450 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1453 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1454 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1455 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1456 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1457 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1458 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1461 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1462 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1463 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1464 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1465 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1468 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1469 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1470 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1471 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1472 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1475 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1476 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1479 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1480 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1481 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1484 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1485 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1486 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1490 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1491 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1492 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1493 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1494 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1495 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1498 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1499 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1500 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1501 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1505 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1506 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1507 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1510 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1511 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1512 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1514 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1515 collation results will be different.
1517 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1518 locales before running make installworld.
1520 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1523 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1524 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1527 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1528 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1529 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1532 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1533 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1534 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1535 and 'make -N' will not.
1538 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1539 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1540 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1541 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1542 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1543 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1544 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1545 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1548 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1549 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1550 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1551 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1554 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1555 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1556 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1559 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1560 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1561 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1562 userland debug files.
1564 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1565 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1566 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1568 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1569 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1572 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1573 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1574 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1575 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1576 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1577 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1580 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1581 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1582 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1585 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1586 them, the kernel must have
1589 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1591 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1592 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1593 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1594 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1596 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1597 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1600 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1601 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1602 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1605 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1606 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1607 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1608 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1610 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1611 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1612 difference with this change.
1614 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1615 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1616 remove that workaround.
1619 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1620 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1621 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1624 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1627 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1628 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1629 loader.rc.local instead.
1632 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1633 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1634 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1637 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1638 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1639 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1641 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1642 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1645 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1646 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1647 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1648 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1649 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1650 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1651 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1652 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1653 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1654 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1655 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1656 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1659 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1660 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1662 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1663 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1664 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1666 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1667 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1669 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1670 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1671 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1673 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1674 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1675 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1676 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1678 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1679 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1680 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1681 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1683 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1684 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1685 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1686 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1687 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1688 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1689 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1690 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1694 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1695 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1698 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1699 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1702 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1703 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1704 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1705 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1706 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1709 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1710 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1711 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1712 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1715 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1716 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1717 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1718 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1719 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1720 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1721 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1723 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1724 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1725 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1726 replace it with '2'.
1727 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1728 a file path, create a new file with:
1729 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1730 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1731 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1732 5. Restart sendmail:
1733 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1735 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1739 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1740 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1741 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1742 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1745 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1748 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1749 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1750 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1753 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1754 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1757 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1758 same but content is different now
1759 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1760 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1761 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1762 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1763 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1766 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1767 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1768 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1771 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1772 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1775 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1776 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1779 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1780 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1781 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1784 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1785 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1786 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1787 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1790 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1791 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1792 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1795 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1796 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1797 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1798 kernel before rebooting.
1801 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1802 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1803 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1804 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1805 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1806 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1809 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1810 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1811 with the new kernel.
1814 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1815 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1816 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1819 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1820 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1821 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1822 are not already using 3.5.0.
1825 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1826 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1827 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1828 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1829 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1832 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1833 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1834 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1835 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1838 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1839 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1842 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1844 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1845 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1846 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1847 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1848 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1849 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1852 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1853 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1856 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1857 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1858 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1859 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1861 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1862 the instructions for 9.x above.
1864 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1865 default, and do not build clang.
1867 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1868 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1869 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1871 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1872 the following are most likely to appear:
1876 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1877 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1878 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1879 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1880 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1881 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1882 cast, or disable the warning.
1884 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1885 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1886 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1887 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1890 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1891 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1893 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1894 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1895 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1896 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1898 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1899 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1900 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1901 unreachable could be optimized away.
1904 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1905 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1906 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1907 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1908 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1909 the utilities will report errors.
1912 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1913 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1914 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1915 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1916 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1920 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1921 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1924 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1925 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1926 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1929 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1930 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1931 indicate what you need to do.
1933 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1934 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1935 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1937 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1938 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1942 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1943 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1947 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1948 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1952 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1956 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1957 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1958 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1959 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1960 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1961 their next update cycle.
1964 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1965 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1966 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1967 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1971 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1972 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1975 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1976 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1977 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1978 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1979 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1983 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1984 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1986 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1989 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1990 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1991 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1992 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1996 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1997 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2001 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2002 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2003 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2004 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2005 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2008 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2009 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2010 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2013 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2014 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2015 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2018 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2019 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2020 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2021 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2022 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2023 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2024 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2025 "make installworld".
2027 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2028 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2029 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2032 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2033 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2034 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2035 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2036 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2039 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2042 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2043 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2047 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2048 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2049 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2050 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2051 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2052 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2053 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2054 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2055 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2056 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2057 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2058 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2060 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2061 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2062 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2066 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2067 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2070 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2071 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2072 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2073 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2074 build hosts for older releases.
2076 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2077 r276991, respectively.
2080 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2081 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2082 will silently lack HESIOD.
2085 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2086 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2087 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2088 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2089 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2090 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2091 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2092 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2093 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2094 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2095 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2096 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2099 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2100 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2101 with command line option -W.
2104 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2105 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2106 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2107 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2108 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2111 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2114 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2115 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2118 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2119 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2120 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2121 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2122 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2125 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2126 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2127 kernel is still highly recommended.
2130 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2131 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2132 capability mode support in kernel.
2135 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2136 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2137 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2138 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2139 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2142 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2143 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2144 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2145 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2146 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2147 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2150 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2151 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2152 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2153 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2154 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2155 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2156 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2157 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2158 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2161 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2162 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2163 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2164 should change your settings to use the latter.
2167 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2168 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2169 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2170 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2171 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2174 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2175 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2176 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2178 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2180 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2183 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2190 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2191 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2192 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2193 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2194 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2195 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2196 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2197 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2199 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2200 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2201 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2202 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2203 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2204 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2205 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2206 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2209 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2210 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2211 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2212 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2215 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2216 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2217 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2218 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2220 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2221 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2222 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2223 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2224 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2225 should write them with this in mind.
2229 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2232 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2233 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2235 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2237 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2238 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2239 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2240 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2243 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2247 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2248 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2249 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2251 make kernel-toolchain
2252 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2253 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2255 To test a kernel once
2256 ---------------------
2257 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2258 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2259 debugging information) run
2260 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2261 nextboot -k testkernel
2263 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2264 -----------------------------------------------------------
2265 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2266 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2268 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2270 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2271 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2273 <reboot in single user> [3]
2280 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2281 --------------------------------------------------
2282 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2283 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2284 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2287 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2290 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2291 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2292 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2293 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2294 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2295 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2296 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2297 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2298 <reboot into current>
2299 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2300 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2304 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2305 ----------------------------------------------
2306 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2308 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2309 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2311 <reboot in single user> [3]
2318 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2319 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2320 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2321 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2322 the UPDATING entries.
2324 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2325 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2326 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2327 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2328 much fewer pitfalls.
2330 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2331 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2332 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2333 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2334 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2335 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2336 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2337 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2339 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2341 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2345 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2346 cd src # full path to source
2347 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2348 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2349 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2351 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2352 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2353 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2354 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2355 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2356 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2357 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2359 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2360 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2361 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2362 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2363 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2364 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2366 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2367 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2368 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2370 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2371 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2372 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2373 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2374 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2375 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2376 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2377 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2379 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2380 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2381 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2384 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2385 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2386 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2388 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2389 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2390 warn if it is improperly defined.
2393 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2394 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2395 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2396 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2397 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2399 Copyright information:
2401 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2403 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2404 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2405 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2407 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2408 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2409 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2410 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2411 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2412 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2413 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2414 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2415 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2416 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2417 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2419 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of