1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
27 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
29 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
30 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
31 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf
34 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
35 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
36 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
37 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
38 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
39 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi
42 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
43 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
44 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
45 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
49 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
50 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
53 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
54 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
55 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
56 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
57 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
58 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
61 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
62 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
63 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
64 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
67 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
68 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
69 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
70 in next mpd5.3 release.
73 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
74 the base system (it was a port).
77 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
78 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
81 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
82 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
83 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
84 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
85 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
86 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
87 none of the L2 information.
90 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
91 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
93 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
95 to their kernel config files when specifying:
99 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
100 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
101 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
102 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
105 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
106 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
107 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
108 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
109 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
113 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
114 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
115 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
116 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
119 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
122 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
123 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
124 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
125 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
126 controller add the following to loader.conf:
132 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
133 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
137 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
138 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
139 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
140 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
141 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
144 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
150 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
152 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
153 cause compilation to fail.
156 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
159 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
161 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
162 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
163 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
164 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
165 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
166 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
167 accepting the RSA key.
169 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
170 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
173 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
174 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
175 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
179 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
180 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
181 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
183 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
184 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
185 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
186 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
187 use the new device names.
189 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
190 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
191 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
192 at the loader prompt:
194 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
195 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
196 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
197 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
201 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
205 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
206 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
207 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
208 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
211 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
212 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
215 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
216 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
217 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
218 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
219 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
222 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
223 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
224 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
225 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
227 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
230 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
231 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
232 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
233 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
235 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
236 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
237 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
240 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
241 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
242 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
243 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
244 other operation levels.
247 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
248 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
249 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
250 compatibility with any prior release:
252 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
253 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
254 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
257 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
258 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
259 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
260 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
261 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
265 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
266 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
267 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
268 with older hardware easier to do.
271 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
272 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
275 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
276 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
277 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
281 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
285 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
286 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
287 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
288 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
289 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
290 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
291 third-party software might fail to build after this change
292 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
293 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
294 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
295 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
296 case that a portable fix is impossible.
299 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
300 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
301 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
304 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
305 functionality is the default now.
308 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
309 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
310 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
311 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
312 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
314 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
315 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
316 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
319 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
320 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
321 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
322 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
323 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
324 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
325 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
326 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
327 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
328 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
332 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
333 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
335 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
336 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
337 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
343 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
344 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
347 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
348 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
349 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
350 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
351 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
354 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
355 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
356 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
357 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
361 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
362 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
363 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
366 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
367 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
368 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
371 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
372 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
373 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
374 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
375 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
378 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
379 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
380 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
381 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
382 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
383 will change after some settling time.
386 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
387 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
391 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
392 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
396 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
397 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
398 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
399 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
402 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
403 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
404 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
405 the IPv4 network stack.
407 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
408 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
409 has now been removed.
411 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
412 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
413 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
414 updated to reflect this.
416 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
417 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
421 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
422 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
423 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
424 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
425 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
426 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
427 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
428 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
429 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
430 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
434 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
435 function and starts providing an account management function.
436 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
437 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
438 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
440 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
442 and change it according to this example:
444 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
446 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
447 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
448 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
449 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
452 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
453 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
454 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
455 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
458 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
459 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
460 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
461 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
462 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
463 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
467 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
468 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
469 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
470 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
471 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
472 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
473 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
475 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
476 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
477 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
480 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
481 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
482 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
483 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
486 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
487 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
490 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
491 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
492 base operating system should be recompiled.
495 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
496 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
497 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
498 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
499 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
502 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
503 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
504 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
505 deprecated in previous releases.
506 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
507 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
510 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
511 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
512 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
514 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
517 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
518 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
519 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
520 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
523 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
524 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
525 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
526 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
527 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
528 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
529 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
530 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
531 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
534 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
535 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
536 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
537 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
541 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
542 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
543 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
545 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
546 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
547 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
550 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
551 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
552 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
553 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
554 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
558 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
559 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
560 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
561 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
562 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
565 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
566 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
567 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
568 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
571 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
572 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
573 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
574 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
578 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
579 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
580 with exceptions of followings:
581 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
582 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
583 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
584 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
585 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
586 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
587 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
588 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
591 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
592 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
593 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
594 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
595 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
596 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
598 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
600 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
601 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
602 the array the same way you built it originally.
605 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
606 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
607 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
608 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
609 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
610 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
611 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
614 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
615 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
616 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
617 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
618 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
621 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
622 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
623 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
624 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
625 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
628 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
629 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
630 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
631 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
632 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
633 added to 'struct proc'.
636 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
639 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
640 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
641 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
642 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
643 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
646 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
649 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
650 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
651 systat needs to be rebuilt.
654 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
657 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
658 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
659 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
662 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
663 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
664 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
665 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
666 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
669 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
670 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
671 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
672 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
675 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
676 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
680 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
681 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
682 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
683 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
684 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
687 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
688 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
689 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
690 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
691 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
692 `make installworld' with:
694 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
696 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
697 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
698 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
699 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
702 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
703 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
704 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
705 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
709 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
710 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
711 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
712 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
713 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
714 implements the interface to support it.
717 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
718 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
719 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
720 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
724 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
725 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
726 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
727 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
728 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
729 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
730 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
731 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
732 likely follow. Posting to current@:
734 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
737 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
738 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
741 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
742 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
743 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
744 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
748 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
749 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
750 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
753 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
754 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
757 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
758 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
759 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
760 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
761 on your next install.
762 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
763 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
764 to your /etc/make.conf.
767 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
768 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
769 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
772 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
773 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
774 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
777 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
778 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
781 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
782 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
783 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
784 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
787 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
788 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
789 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
792 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
793 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
794 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
798 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
799 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
800 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
801 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
802 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
803 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
804 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
805 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
808 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
809 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
810 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
813 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
814 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
817 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
818 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
821 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
822 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
823 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
826 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
827 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
828 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
829 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
830 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
831 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
835 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
836 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
839 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
840 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
843 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
844 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
845 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
846 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
850 RELENG_6 branched here.
853 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
854 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
855 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
856 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
857 removable_interfaces.
860 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
861 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
862 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
863 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
864 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
865 affect existing configurations.
868 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
869 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
870 updated to the new APIs.
873 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
874 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
875 will not behave correctly.
877 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
878 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
879 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
882 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
883 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
884 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
885 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
886 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
888 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
889 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
893 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
894 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
897 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
898 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
899 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
900 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
901 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
902 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
903 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
906 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
907 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
908 fail after this date. For full details, please see
909 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
912 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
913 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
914 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
917 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
918 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
919 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
923 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
924 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
925 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
926 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
929 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
930 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
931 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
932 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
933 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
937 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
938 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
941 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
942 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
946 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
947 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
948 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
951 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
952 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
953 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
954 if you have updated the kernel.
956 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
957 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
958 mounting the new volume.
961 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
962 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
963 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
964 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
967 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
968 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
971 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
972 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
973 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
974 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
975 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
976 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
979 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
980 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
981 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
982 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
983 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
986 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
987 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
988 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
989 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
990 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
991 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
992 and wlan_xauth as required.
995 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
996 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
997 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
998 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1002 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1003 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1004 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1005 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1006 the module when a wep key is configured).
1009 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1010 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1011 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1014 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1015 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1018 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1019 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1020 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1021 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1022 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1023 their /etc/rc scripts.
1026 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1029 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1030 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1031 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1034 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1035 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1036 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1039 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1040 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1046 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1047 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1048 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1049 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1050 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1051 on the -current branch).
1053 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1054 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1055 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1056 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1057 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1058 page for more details.
1060 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1061 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1062 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1063 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1064 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1069 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1070 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1071 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1073 make kernel-toolchain
1074 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1075 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1077 To test a kernel once
1078 ---------------------
1079 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1080 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1081 debugging information) run
1082 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1083 nextboot -k testkernel
1085 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1086 --------------------------------------------------------------
1087 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1088 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1089 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1091 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1092 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1093 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1098 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1100 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1101 -----------------------------------------------------------
1102 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1103 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1105 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1107 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1109 <reboot in single user> [3]
1117 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1118 --------------------------------------------------
1119 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1120 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1121 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1124 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1127 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1128 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1129 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1130 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1131 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1132 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1133 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1134 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1135 <reboot into current>
1136 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1137 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1141 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1142 ----------------------------------------------
1143 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1145 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1147 <reboot in single user> [3]
1154 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1155 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1156 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1157 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1158 the UPDATING entries.
1160 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1161 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1162 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1163 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1164 much fewer pitfalls.
1166 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1167 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1170 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1175 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1176 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1177 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1179 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1180 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1181 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1182 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1183 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1184 for potential gotchas.
1186 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1187 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1188 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1189 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1190 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1191 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1193 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1194 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1195 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1196 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1197 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1199 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1200 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1202 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1203 cvs prune empty directories.
1205 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1206 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1207 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1209 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1210 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1211 warn if it is improperly defined.
1214 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1215 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1216 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1217 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1219 Copyright information:
1221 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1223 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1224 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1225 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1227 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1228 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1229 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1230 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1231 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1232 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1233 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1234 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1235 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1236 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1237 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1239 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1242 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of