1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
16 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
17 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
18 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
21 12.3-RELEASE-p7 FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib
22 FreeBSD-EN-22:20.tzdata
24 zlib heap buffer overflow [SA-22:13.zlib]
26 Timezone database information update [EN-22:20.tzdata]
29 12.3-RELEASE-p6 FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf
34 Out of bounds read in elf_note_prpsinfo() [SA-22:09.elf]
36 AIO credential reference count leak [SA-22:10.aio]
38 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-22:11.vm]
40 Kernel memory corruption during SCSI error recovery [EN-22:17.cam]
43 12.3-RELEASE-p5 FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap
44 FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve
45 FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl
46 FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid
49 Potential jail escape vulnerabilities in netmap [SA-22:04.netmap]
51 Bhyve e82545 device emulation out-of-bounds write [SA-22:05.bhyve]
53 mpr/mps/mpt driver ioctl heap out-of-bounds write [SA-22:06.ioctl]
55 802.11 heap buffer overflow [SA-22:07.wifi_meshid]
57 zlib compression out-of-bounds write [SA-22:08.zlib]
60 12.3-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata
62 Timezone database information update. [EN-22:14.tzdata]
65 12.3-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update
67 FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl
69 freebsd-update creating erroneous boot environments [FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update]
71 Multiple WiFi issues [FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi]
73 OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop [FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl]
76 12.3-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
78 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
81 12.3-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
82 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
84 FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias
87 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
89 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
91 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
93 Fix fragmented UDP packets handling [FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias]
95 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
101 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
102 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
103 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
104 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
107 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
108 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
109 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
110 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
111 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
112 to update your sources past the above hash and do
115 % sudo -E make install
116 to enable building kernels again.
119 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
120 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
123 Commit 6ae32cc8182f changed the internal KAPI between the krpc and
124 nfsd modules. As such, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
125 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1202508.
128 Commit e9959506d2cc changed the internal KAPI between the
129 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
130 rebuilt from sources.
133 Commit 0a1fdb867c72 changed the internal KAPI between
134 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
135 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
136 Without this patch, NFSv4.1 mounts should not
137 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
138 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
141 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
142 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
143 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
145 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
146 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
147 for improved performance.
149 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
150 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
153 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
154 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
155 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
156 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
159 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
160 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
161 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
162 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
165 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
166 re-enable it for the entire system with the
167 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
169 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
170 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
171 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
172 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
175 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
176 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
177 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
178 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
179 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
180 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
183 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
184 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
185 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
186 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
189 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
190 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
191 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
192 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
193 differences between those included in the port and those included in
194 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
195 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
196 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
199 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
200 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
201 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
202 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
205 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
206 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
207 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
208 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
209 add superio to the set.
212 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
213 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
214 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
215 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
216 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
217 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
220 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
221 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
222 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
223 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
226 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
227 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
228 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
229 your scripts, because they had no effect.
231 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
232 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
233 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
234 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
235 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
238 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
239 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
240 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
241 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
244 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
245 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
246 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
247 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
248 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
249 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
250 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
253 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
254 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
255 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
256 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
259 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
260 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
261 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
264 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
265 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
266 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
270 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
271 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
272 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
275 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
276 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
277 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
281 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
282 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
286 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
287 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
288 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
289 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
290 is loaded automatically.
293 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
294 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
295 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
296 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
297 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
301 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
302 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
303 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
304 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
307 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
308 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
309 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
310 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
314 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
318 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
319 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
322 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
323 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
324 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
325 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
326 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
327 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
328 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
329 that as you will get better support.
331 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
332 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
333 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
334 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
336 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
337 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
338 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
339 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
343 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
344 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
345 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
346 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
347 be adjusted as necessary.
350 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
351 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
352 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
353 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
356 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
357 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
358 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
359 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
363 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
364 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
365 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
366 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
370 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
371 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
372 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
373 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
374 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
375 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
378 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
379 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
380 default since FreeBSD-11.
383 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
384 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
385 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
388 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
389 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
390 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
391 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
392 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
393 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
394 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
396 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
397 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
400 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
401 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
402 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
403 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
404 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
405 may not be observed in a future release.
408 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
409 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
413 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
414 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
415 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
416 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
419 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
420 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
421 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
422 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
426 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
427 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
428 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
431 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
432 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
433 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
434 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
435 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
438 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
439 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
440 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
441 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
442 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
443 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
446 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
447 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
448 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
452 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
453 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
454 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
457 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
458 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
459 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
460 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
461 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
462 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
463 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
464 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
465 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
466 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
470 Big endian arm support has been removed.
473 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
474 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
475 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
476 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
477 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
480 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
481 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
482 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
483 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
484 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
485 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
488 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
489 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
492 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
493 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
494 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
495 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
496 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
497 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
498 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
501 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
502 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
503 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
507 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
508 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
509 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
512 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
513 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
516 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
517 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
521 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
522 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
523 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
524 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
527 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
528 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
529 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
533 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
534 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
535 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
539 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
540 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
541 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
542 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
543 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
544 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
547 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
548 workaround is necessary.
551 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
552 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
553 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
554 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
557 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
558 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
559 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
560 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
561 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
564 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
565 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
566 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
567 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
570 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
571 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
572 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
576 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
577 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
581 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
582 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
586 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
587 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
588 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
589 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
590 microseconds and time zone offsets.
592 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
593 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
594 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
595 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
596 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
597 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
598 adjustments, depending on the software used.
600 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
601 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
604 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
607 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
608 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
609 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
611 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
613 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
614 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
615 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
616 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
617 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
618 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
619 thus expected to continue to function as before.
621 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
625 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
626 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
627 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
630 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
631 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
632 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
633 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
634 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
635 should be as simple as:
637 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
638 $ make depend all install
641 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
642 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
643 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
644 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
645 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
646 provisions for backup boot methods.
649 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
650 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
651 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
654 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
655 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
656 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
660 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
661 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
662 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
664 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
665 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
668 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
669 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
670 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
671 from kernel config files.
674 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
675 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
676 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
678 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
679 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
682 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
683 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
684 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
685 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
688 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
689 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
692 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
693 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
694 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
695 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
698 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
699 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
700 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
701 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
702 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
703 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
706 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
707 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
708 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
711 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
712 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
713 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
714 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
715 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
718 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
719 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
720 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
721 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
722 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
726 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
727 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
728 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
729 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
730 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
731 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
732 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
733 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
734 than hardcoding paths.
737 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
738 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
739 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
742 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
743 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
744 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
745 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
748 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
749 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
752 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
753 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
754 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
755 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
758 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
759 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
760 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
761 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
762 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
765 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
766 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
767 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
768 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
772 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
773 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
774 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
775 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
776 soft-float everything else should be affected.
779 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
780 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
783 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
784 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
788 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
789 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
793 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
794 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
795 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
796 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
798 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
799 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
800 sandbox if successful.
802 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
803 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
804 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
805 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
806 an unprivileged user.
809 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
810 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
811 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
812 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
813 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
814 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
815 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
816 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
817 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
818 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
819 to which you should answer yes.
822 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
823 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
824 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
825 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
826 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
829 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
830 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
831 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
834 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
835 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
838 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
839 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
840 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
841 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
842 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
843 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
844 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
847 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
848 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
849 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
850 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
851 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
852 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
855 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
856 if you require the GPL compiler.
859 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
860 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
861 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
864 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
865 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
866 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
870 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
871 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
872 from ports (and recommends to install it).
873 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
874 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
875 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
878 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
879 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
880 which only require one chipset support.
882 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
886 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
887 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
888 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
890 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
891 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
894 * load the chip modules in question
895 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
897 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
898 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
900 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
903 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
904 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
905 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
907 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
908 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
909 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
911 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
912 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
913 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
914 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
915 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
919 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
920 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
921 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
924 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
925 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
926 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
929 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
930 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
931 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
932 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
933 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
934 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
935 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
938 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
939 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
940 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
941 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
944 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
945 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
946 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
949 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
950 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
951 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
954 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
955 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
957 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
958 via one of the following methods:
959 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
960 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
961 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
962 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
964 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
967 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
968 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
969 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
970 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
974 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
975 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
976 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
977 be prefixed with colon.
980 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
981 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
982 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
985 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
986 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
987 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
990 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
991 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
992 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
996 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1000 MCA bus support has been removed.
1003 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1004 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1007 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1008 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1011 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1012 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1013 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1016 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1017 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1018 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1021 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1022 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1023 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1026 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1027 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1028 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1031 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1032 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1033 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1034 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1037 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1038 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1040 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1041 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1044 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1045 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1046 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1050 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1051 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1052 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1055 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1056 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1059 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1060 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1061 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1062 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1065 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1066 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1067 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1068 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1069 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1072 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1075 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1076 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1077 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1078 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1081 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1082 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1083 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1087 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1088 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1089 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1090 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1091 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1095 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1096 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1099 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1102 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1103 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1104 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1105 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1106 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1107 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1111 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1112 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1113 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1114 previously contained a line like
1115 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1116 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1117 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1121 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1122 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1123 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1124 built with the old headers.
1127 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1128 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1129 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1130 installing a new libc.
1133 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1134 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1135 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1136 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1137 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1138 packages will be needed.
1140 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1141 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1142 and the install steps.
1145 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1146 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1147 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1148 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1149 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1150 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1153 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1154 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1155 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1156 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1157 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1159 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1160 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1161 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1162 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1163 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1165 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1166 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1167 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1168 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1169 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1170 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1173 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1174 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1175 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1176 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1177 quirks entry to 0x3.
1180 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1181 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1182 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1185 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1186 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1189 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1190 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1191 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1192 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1193 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1194 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1195 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1196 stale .depend files.
1199 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1200 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1201 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1205 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1206 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1207 make -C sys/boot install
1208 <reboot in single user>
1210 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1214 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1215 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1216 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1219 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1220 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1221 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1222 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1223 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1224 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1227 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1228 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1229 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1230 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1231 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1234 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1235 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1236 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1237 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1238 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1241 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1242 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1245 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1246 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1247 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1250 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1251 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1252 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1256 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1257 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1258 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1259 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1260 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1261 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1264 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1265 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1266 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1267 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1271 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1272 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1273 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1276 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1277 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1278 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1280 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1281 collation results will be different.
1283 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1284 locales before running make installworld.
1286 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1289 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1290 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1293 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1294 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1295 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1298 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1299 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1300 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1301 and 'make -N' will not.
1304 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1305 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1306 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1307 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1308 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1309 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1310 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1311 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1314 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1315 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1316 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1317 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1320 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1321 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1322 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1325 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1326 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1327 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1328 userland debug files.
1330 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1331 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1332 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1334 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1335 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1338 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1339 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1340 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1341 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1342 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1343 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1346 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1347 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1348 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1351 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1352 them, the kernel must have
1355 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1357 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1358 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1359 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1360 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1362 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1363 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1366 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1367 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1368 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1371 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1372 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1373 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1374 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1376 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1377 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1378 difference with this change.
1380 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1381 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1382 remove that workaround.
1385 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1386 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1387 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1390 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1393 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1394 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1395 loader.rc.local instead.
1398 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1399 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1400 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1403 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1404 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1405 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1407 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1408 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1411 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1412 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1413 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1414 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1415 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1416 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1417 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1418 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1419 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1420 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1421 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1422 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1425 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1426 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1428 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1429 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1430 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1432 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1433 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1435 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1436 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1437 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1439 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1440 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1441 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1442 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1444 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1445 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1446 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1447 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1449 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1450 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1451 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1452 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1453 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1454 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1455 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1456 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1460 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1461 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1464 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1465 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1468 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1469 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1470 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1471 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1472 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1475 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1476 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1477 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1478 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1481 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1482 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1483 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1484 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1485 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1486 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1487 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1489 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1490 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1491 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1492 replace it with '2'.
1493 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1494 a file path, create a new file with:
1495 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1496 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1497 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1498 5. Restart sendmail:
1499 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1501 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1505 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1506 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1507 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1508 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1511 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1514 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1515 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1516 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1519 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1520 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1523 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1524 same but content is different now
1525 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1526 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1527 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1528 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1529 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1532 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1533 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1534 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1537 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1538 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1541 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1542 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1545 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1546 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1547 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1550 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1551 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1552 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1553 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1556 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1557 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1558 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1561 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1562 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1563 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1564 kernel before rebooting.
1567 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1568 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1569 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1570 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1571 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1572 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1575 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1576 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1577 with the new kernel.
1580 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1581 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1582 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1585 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1586 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1587 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1588 are not already using 3.5.0.
1591 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1592 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1593 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1594 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1595 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1598 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1599 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1600 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1601 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1604 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1605 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1608 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1610 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1611 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1612 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1613 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1614 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1615 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1618 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1619 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1622 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1623 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1624 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1625 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1627 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1628 the instructions for 9.x above.
1630 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1631 default, and do not build clang.
1633 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1634 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1635 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1637 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1638 the following are most likely to appear:
1642 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1643 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1644 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1645 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1646 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1647 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1648 cast, or disable the warning.
1650 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1651 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1652 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1653 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1656 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1657 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1659 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1660 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1661 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1662 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1664 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1665 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1666 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1667 unreachable could be optimized away.
1670 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1671 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1672 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1673 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1674 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1675 the utilities will report errors.
1678 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1679 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1680 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1681 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1682 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1686 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1687 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1690 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1691 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1692 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1695 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1696 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1697 indicate what you need to do.
1699 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1700 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1701 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1703 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1704 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1708 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1709 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1713 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1714 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1718 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1722 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1723 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1724 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1725 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1726 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1727 their next update cycle.
1730 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1731 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1732 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1733 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1737 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1738 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1741 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1742 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1743 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1744 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1745 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1749 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1750 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1752 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1755 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1756 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1757 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1758 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1762 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1763 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1767 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1768 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1769 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1770 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1771 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1774 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1775 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1776 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1779 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1780 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1781 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1784 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1785 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1786 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1787 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1788 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1789 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1790 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1791 "make installworld".
1793 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1794 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1795 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1798 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1799 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1800 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1801 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1802 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1805 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1808 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1809 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1813 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1814 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1815 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1816 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1817 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1818 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1819 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1820 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1821 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1822 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1823 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1824 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1826 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1827 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1828 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1832 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1833 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1836 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1837 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1838 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1839 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1840 build hosts for older releases.
1842 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1843 r276991, respectively.
1846 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1847 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1848 will silently lack HESIOD.
1851 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1852 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1853 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1854 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1855 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1856 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1857 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1858 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1859 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1860 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1861 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1862 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1865 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1866 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1867 with command line option -W.
1870 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1871 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1872 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1873 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1874 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1877 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1880 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1881 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1884 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1885 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1886 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1887 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1888 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1891 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1892 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1893 kernel is still highly recommended.
1896 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1897 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1898 capability mode support in kernel.
1901 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1902 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1903 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1904 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1905 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1908 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1909 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1910 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1911 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1912 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1913 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1916 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1917 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1918 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1919 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1920 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1921 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1922 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1923 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1924 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1927 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1928 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1929 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1930 should change your settings to use the latter.
1933 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1934 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1935 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1936 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1937 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1940 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1941 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1942 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1944 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1946 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1949 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1956 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1957 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1958 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1959 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1960 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1961 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1962 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1964 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1965 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1966 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1967 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1968 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1970 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1971 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1972 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1973 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1974 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1975 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1976 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1977 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1980 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1981 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1982 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1983 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1985 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1986 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1987 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1988 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1989 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1990 should write them with this in mind.
1994 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1997 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1998 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2000 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2002 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2003 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2004 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2006 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2010 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2011 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2012 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2014 make kernel-toolchain
2015 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2016 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2018 To test a kernel once
2019 ---------------------
2020 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2021 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2022 debugging information) run
2023 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2024 nextboot -k testkernel
2026 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2027 -----------------------------------------------------------
2028 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2029 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2031 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2033 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2034 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2036 <reboot in single user> [3]
2043 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2044 --------------------------------------------------
2045 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2046 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2047 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2050 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2053 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2054 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2055 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2056 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2057 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2058 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2059 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2060 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2061 <reboot into current>
2062 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2063 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2067 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2068 ----------------------------------------------
2069 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2071 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2072 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2074 <reboot in single user> [3]
2081 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2082 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2083 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2084 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2085 the UPDATING entries.
2087 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2088 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2089 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2090 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2091 much fewer pitfalls.
2093 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2094 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2097 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2102 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2103 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2104 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2106 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2107 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2108 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2109 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2110 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2111 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2112 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2114 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2115 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2116 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2117 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2118 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2119 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2121 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2122 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2123 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2125 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2126 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2127 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2128 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2129 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2130 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2131 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2133 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2134 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2136 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2137 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2138 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2140 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2141 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2142 warn if it is improperly defined.
2145 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2146 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2147 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2148 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2149 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2151 Copyright information:
2153 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2155 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2156 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2157 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2159 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2160 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2161 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2162 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2163 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2164 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2165 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2166 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2167 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2168 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2169 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2171 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of