1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
27 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
30 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
32 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
35 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
36 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
37 data to /etc/localtime.
40 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
41 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
44 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
45 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
46 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
47 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
48 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
49 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
52 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
53 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
54 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
55 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
56 correctly checking networking state from userland.
57 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
60 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
61 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
62 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
63 follows the IPv4 implementation.
65 For kernel developers:
67 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
68 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
69 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
71 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
72 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
73 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
74 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
76 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
77 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
78 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
79 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
80 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
81 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
82 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
83 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
84 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
85 multicast membership on-link.
86 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
87 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
88 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
90 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
91 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
93 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
94 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
97 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
98 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
99 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
100 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
102 For application developers:
104 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
107 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
108 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
110 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
111 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
112 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
113 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
115 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
116 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
117 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
118 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
119 Multicast Source Filters'.
121 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
123 For systems administrators:
125 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
126 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
127 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
128 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
129 returned by getifaddrs(3).
131 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
132 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
134 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
135 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
136 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
137 recommended for optimal system performance.
139 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
140 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
141 back forwarded datagrams.
143 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
146 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
147 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
150 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
151 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
152 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
153 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
156 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
157 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
158 state will require a world rebuild.
159 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
162 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
163 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
164 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
167 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
168 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
169 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
170 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
172 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
175 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
176 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
177 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
178 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
179 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
180 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
181 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
182 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
185 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
186 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
187 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
190 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
191 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
192 introduces some changes:
194 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
195 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
196 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
198 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
199 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
200 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
201 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
203 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
204 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
205 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
208 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
211 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
212 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
216 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
217 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
218 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
219 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
220 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
223 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
224 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
225 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
226 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
230 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
231 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
232 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
233 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
236 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
237 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
240 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
241 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
243 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
244 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
245 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
247 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
248 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
249 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
250 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
251 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
252 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
253 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
254 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
256 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
257 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
258 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
259 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
260 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
261 to preserve the existing behaviour.
263 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
264 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
265 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
266 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
267 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
269 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
270 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
271 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
274 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
275 recompiled to reflect this.
276 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
279 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
280 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
281 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
282 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
283 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
284 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
287 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
288 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
289 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
290 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
291 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
292 raised to allow such segments to be created.
295 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
296 network device driver modules.
299 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
300 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
303 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
304 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
305 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
306 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
307 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
311 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
312 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
313 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
317 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
318 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
320 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
321 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
322 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
325 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
326 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
327 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
328 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
329 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
330 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
332 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
333 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
335 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
336 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
339 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
340 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
341 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
342 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
346 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
347 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
350 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
351 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
352 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
353 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
354 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
355 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
358 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
359 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
360 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
361 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
364 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
365 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
366 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
367 in next mpd5.3 release.
370 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
371 the base system (it was a port).
374 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
375 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
378 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
379 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
380 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
381 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
382 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
383 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
384 none of the L2 information.
387 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
388 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
390 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
392 to their kernel config files when specifying:
396 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
397 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
398 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
399 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
402 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
403 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
404 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
405 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
406 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
410 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
411 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
412 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
413 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
416 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
419 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
420 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
421 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
422 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
423 controller add the following to loader.conf:
429 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
430 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
434 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
435 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
436 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
437 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
438 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
441 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
447 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
449 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
450 cause compilation to fail.
453 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
456 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
458 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
459 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
460 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
461 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
462 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
463 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
464 accepting the RSA key.
466 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
467 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
470 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
471 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
472 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
476 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
477 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
478 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
480 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
481 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
482 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
483 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
484 use the new device names.
486 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
487 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
488 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
489 at the loader prompt:
491 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
492 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
493 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
494 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
498 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
502 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
503 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
504 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
505 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
508 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
509 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
512 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
513 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
514 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
515 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
516 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
519 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
520 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
521 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
522 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
524 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
527 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
528 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
529 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
530 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
532 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
533 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
534 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
537 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
538 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
539 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
540 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
541 other operation levels.
544 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
545 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
546 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
547 compatibility with any prior release:
549 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
550 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
551 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
554 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
555 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
556 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
557 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
558 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
562 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
563 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
564 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
565 with older hardware easier to do.
568 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
569 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
572 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
573 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
574 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
578 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
582 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
583 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
584 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
585 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
586 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
587 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
588 third-party software might fail to build after this change
589 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
590 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
591 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
592 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
593 case that a portable fix is impossible.
596 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
597 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
598 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
601 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
602 functionality is the default now.
605 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
606 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
607 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
608 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
609 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
611 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
612 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
613 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
616 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
617 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
618 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
619 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
620 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
621 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
622 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
623 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
624 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
625 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
629 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
630 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
632 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
633 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
634 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
640 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
641 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
644 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
645 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
646 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
647 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
648 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
651 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
652 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
653 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
654 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
658 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
659 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
660 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
663 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
664 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
665 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
668 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
669 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
670 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
671 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
672 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
675 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
676 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
677 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
678 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
679 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
680 will change after some settling time.
683 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
684 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
688 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
689 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
693 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
694 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
695 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
696 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
699 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
700 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
701 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
702 the IPv4 network stack.
704 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
705 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
706 has now been removed.
708 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
709 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
710 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
711 updated to reflect this.
713 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
714 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
718 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
719 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
720 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
721 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
722 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
723 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
724 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
725 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
726 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
727 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
731 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
732 function and starts providing an account management function.
733 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
734 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
735 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
737 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
739 and change it according to this example:
741 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
743 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
744 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
745 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
746 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
749 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
750 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
751 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
752 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
755 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
756 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
757 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
758 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
759 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
760 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
764 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
765 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
766 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
767 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
768 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
769 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
770 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
772 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
773 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
774 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
777 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
778 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
779 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
780 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
783 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
784 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
787 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
788 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
789 base operating system should be recompiled.
792 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
793 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
794 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
795 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
796 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
799 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
800 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
801 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
802 deprecated in previous releases.
803 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
804 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
807 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
808 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
809 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
811 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
814 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
815 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
816 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
817 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
820 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
821 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
822 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
823 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
824 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
825 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
826 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
827 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
828 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
831 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
832 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
833 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
834 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
838 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
839 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
840 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
842 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
843 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
844 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
847 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
848 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
849 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
850 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
851 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
855 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
856 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
857 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
858 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
859 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
862 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
863 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
864 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
865 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
868 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
869 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
870 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
871 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
875 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
876 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
877 with exceptions of followings:
878 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
879 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
880 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
881 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
882 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
883 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
884 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
885 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
888 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
889 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
890 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
891 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
892 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
893 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
895 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
897 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
898 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
899 the array the same way you built it originally.
902 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
903 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
904 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
905 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
906 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
907 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
908 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
911 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
912 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
913 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
914 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
915 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
918 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
919 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
920 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
921 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
922 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
925 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
926 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
927 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
928 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
929 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
930 added to 'struct proc'.
933 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
936 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
937 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
938 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
939 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
940 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
943 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
946 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
947 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
948 systat needs to be rebuilt.
951 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
954 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
955 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
956 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
959 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
960 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
961 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
962 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
963 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
966 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
967 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
968 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
969 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
972 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
973 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
977 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
978 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
979 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
980 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
981 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
984 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
985 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
986 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
987 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
988 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
989 `make installworld' with:
991 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
993 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
994 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
995 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
996 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
999 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1000 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1001 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1002 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1006 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1007 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1008 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1009 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1010 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1011 implements the interface to support it.
1014 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1015 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1016 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1017 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1021 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1022 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1023 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1024 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1025 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1026 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1027 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1028 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1029 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1031 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1034 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1035 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1038 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1039 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1040 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1041 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1045 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1046 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1047 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1050 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1051 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1054 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1055 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1056 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1057 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1058 on your next install.
1059 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1060 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1061 to your /etc/make.conf.
1064 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1065 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1066 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1069 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1070 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1071 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1074 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1075 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1078 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1079 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1080 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1081 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1084 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1085 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1086 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1089 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1090 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1091 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1095 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1096 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1097 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1098 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1099 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1100 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1101 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1102 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1105 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1106 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1107 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1110 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1111 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1114 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1115 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1118 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1119 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1120 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1123 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1124 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1125 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1126 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1127 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1128 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1132 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1133 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1136 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1137 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1140 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1141 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1142 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1143 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1147 RELENG_6 branched here.
1150 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1151 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1152 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1153 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1154 removable_interfaces.
1157 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1158 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1159 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1160 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1161 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1162 affect existing configurations.
1165 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1166 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1167 updated to the new APIs.
1170 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1171 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1172 will not behave correctly.
1174 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1175 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1176 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1179 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1180 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1181 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1182 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1183 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1185 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1186 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1190 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1191 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1194 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1195 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1196 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1197 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1198 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1199 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1200 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1203 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1204 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1205 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1206 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1209 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1210 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1211 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1214 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1215 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1216 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1220 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1221 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1222 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1223 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1226 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1227 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1228 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1229 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1230 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1231 none at this point.)
1234 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1235 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1238 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1239 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1240 with the new kernel.
1243 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1244 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1245 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1248 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1249 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1250 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1251 if you have updated the kernel.
1253 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1254 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1255 mounting the new volume.
1258 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1259 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1260 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1261 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1264 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1265 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1268 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1269 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1270 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1271 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1272 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1273 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1276 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1277 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1278 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1279 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1280 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1283 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1284 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1285 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1286 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1287 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1288 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1289 and wlan_xauth as required.
1292 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1293 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1294 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1295 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1299 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1300 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1301 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1302 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1303 the module when a wep key is configured).
1306 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1307 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1308 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1311 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1312 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1315 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1316 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1317 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1318 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1319 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1320 their /etc/rc scripts.
1323 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1326 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1327 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1328 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1331 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1332 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1333 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1336 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1337 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1343 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1344 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1345 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1346 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1347 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1348 on the -current branch).
1350 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1351 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1352 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1353 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1354 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1355 page for more details.
1357 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1358 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1359 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1360 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1361 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1366 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1367 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1368 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1370 make kernel-toolchain
1371 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1372 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1374 To test a kernel once
1375 ---------------------
1376 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1377 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1378 debugging information) run
1379 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1380 nextboot -k testkernel
1382 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1383 --------------------------------------------------------------
1384 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1385 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1386 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1388 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1389 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1390 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1395 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1397 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1398 -----------------------------------------------------------
1399 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1400 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1402 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1404 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1406 <reboot in single user> [3]
1414 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1415 --------------------------------------------------
1416 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1417 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1418 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1421 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1424 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1425 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1426 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1427 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1428 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1429 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1430 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1431 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1432 <reboot into current>
1433 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1434 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1438 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1439 ----------------------------------------------
1440 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1442 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1444 <reboot in single user> [3]
1451 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1452 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1453 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1454 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1455 the UPDATING entries.
1457 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1458 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1459 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1460 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1461 much fewer pitfalls.
1463 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1464 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1467 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1472 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1473 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1474 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1476 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1477 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1478 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1479 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1480 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1481 for potential gotchas.
1483 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1484 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1485 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1486 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1487 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1488 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1490 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1491 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1492 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1493 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1494 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1496 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1497 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1499 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1500 cvs prune empty directories.
1502 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1503 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1504 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1506 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1507 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1508 warn if it is improperly defined.
1511 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1512 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1513 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1514 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1516 Copyright information:
1518 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1520 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1521 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1522 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1524 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1525 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1526 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1527 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1528 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1529 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1530 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1531 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1532 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1533 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1534 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1536 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1539 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of