1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
10 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
12 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW:
13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
27 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
28 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
29 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
30 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
31 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers for each type in order of
32 detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, see cam(4)).
34 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
35 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
36 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
38 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
39 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
40 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
45 , and instead add back:
46 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
47 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
48 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
49 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
50 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
51 options ATA_STATIC_ID # Static device numbering
54 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
55 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
56 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
57 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
58 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
59 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
62 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
63 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
64 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
67 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
68 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
69 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
70 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
71 in order to use ath on everything else.
73 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
74 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
77 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
78 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
79 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
82 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
83 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
84 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
85 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
86 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
87 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
90 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
91 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
92 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
93 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
94 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
96 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
97 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
100 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
101 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
102 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
103 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
104 The function remains undocumented.
107 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
108 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
109 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
110 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
111 systems where the define is not present can check against
112 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
114 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
115 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
116 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
117 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
118 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
119 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
122 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
123 the following warning:
124 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
125 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
126 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
127 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
128 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
129 install it on your system.
131 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
132 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
133 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
134 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
137 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
138 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
139 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
140 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
144 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
145 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
146 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
147 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
148 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
149 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
150 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
151 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
152 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
153 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
154 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
156 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
158 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
159 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
160 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
161 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
162 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
163 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
164 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
166 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
167 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
170 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
171 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
172 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
173 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
174 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
177 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
178 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
179 migrate local entries to the new format.
182 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
183 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
187 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
188 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
189 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
190 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
191 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
192 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
195 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
196 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
198 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
199 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
200 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
203 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
204 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
205 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
206 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
207 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
209 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
210 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
211 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
214 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
215 now i386 and amd64 only.
216 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
217 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
218 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
219 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
220 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
221 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
224 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
225 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
228 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
229 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
230 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
231 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
232 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
233 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
234 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
235 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
236 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
237 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
238 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
241 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
242 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
243 machine powerpc powerpc
245 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
249 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
250 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
251 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
252 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
253 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
256 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
257 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
258 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
259 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
260 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
263 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
264 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
265 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
266 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
268 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
269 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
270 to unwanted behavior.
273 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
274 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
275 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
276 be modified accordingly.
279 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
280 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
281 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
282 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
283 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
284 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
286 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
287 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
288 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
291 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
292 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
293 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
294 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
295 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
298 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
299 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
300 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
303 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
304 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
305 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
306 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
307 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
309 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
310 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
311 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
313 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
319 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
320 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
321 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
322 operation of applications on the console.
324 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
325 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
326 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
329 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
330 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
331 performed by syscons(4).
334 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
335 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
336 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
338 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
339 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
343 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
344 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
345 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
346 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
347 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
351 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
352 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
354 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
355 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
356 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
358 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
359 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
361 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
364 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
365 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
367 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
368 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
369 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
371 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
372 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
373 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
374 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
375 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
376 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
377 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
378 using ifconfig(8) like:
380 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
382 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
385 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
387 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
388 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
389 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
390 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
391 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
394 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
395 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
398 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
399 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
400 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
401 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
402 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
403 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
406 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
407 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
410 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
411 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
412 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
416 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
417 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
418 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
421 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
422 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
425 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
426 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
427 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
430 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
431 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
432 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
435 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
436 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
437 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
438 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
439 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
442 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
443 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
444 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
445 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
446 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
449 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
450 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
451 may need to be adjusted.
454 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
455 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
456 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
457 with routing sockets.
460 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
461 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
462 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
465 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
466 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
467 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
471 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
472 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
473 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
476 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
477 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
478 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
479 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
480 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
481 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
482 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
483 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
485 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
486 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
487 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
488 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
489 authentication method is used.
492 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
493 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
494 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
495 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
496 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
499 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
500 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
503 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
507 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
508 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
511 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
512 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
515 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
516 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
520 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
521 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
523 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
526 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
530 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
531 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
534 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
536 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
539 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
540 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
541 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
542 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
543 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
544 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
547 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
548 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
551 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
553 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
556 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
557 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
560 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
561 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
564 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
565 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
566 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
567 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
568 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
571 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
572 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
573 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
574 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
575 correctly checking networking state from userland.
576 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
579 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
580 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
581 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
582 follows the IPv4 implementation.
584 For kernel developers:
586 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
587 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
588 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
590 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
591 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
592 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
593 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
595 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
596 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
597 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
598 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
599 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
600 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
601 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
602 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
603 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
604 multicast membership on-link.
605 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
606 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
607 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
609 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
610 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
612 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
613 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
616 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
617 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
618 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
619 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
621 For application developers:
623 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
626 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
627 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
629 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
630 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
631 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
632 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
634 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
635 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
636 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
637 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
638 Multicast Source Filters'.
640 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
642 For systems administrators:
644 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
645 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
646 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
647 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
648 returned by getifaddrs(3).
650 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
651 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
653 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
654 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
655 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
656 recommended for optimal system performance.
658 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
659 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
660 back forwarded datagrams.
662 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
665 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
666 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
669 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
670 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
671 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
672 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
675 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
676 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
677 state will require a world rebuild.
678 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
681 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
682 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
683 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
686 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
687 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
688 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
689 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
691 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
694 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
695 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
696 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
697 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
698 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
699 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
700 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
701 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
704 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
705 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
706 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
709 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
710 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
711 introduces some changes:
713 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
714 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
715 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
717 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
718 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
719 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
720 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
722 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
723 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
724 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
727 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
730 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
731 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
735 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
736 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
737 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
738 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
739 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
742 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
743 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
744 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
745 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
749 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
750 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
751 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
752 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
755 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
756 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
759 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
760 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
762 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
763 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
764 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
766 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
767 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
768 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
769 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
770 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
771 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
772 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
773 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
775 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
776 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
777 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
778 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
779 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
780 to preserve the existing behaviour.
782 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
783 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
784 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
785 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
786 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
788 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
789 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
790 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
793 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
794 recompiled to reflect this.
795 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
798 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
799 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
800 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
801 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
802 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
803 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
806 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
807 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
808 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
809 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
810 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
811 raised to allow such segments to be created.
814 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
815 network device driver modules.
818 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
819 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
822 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
823 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
824 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
825 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
826 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
830 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
831 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
832 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
836 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
837 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
839 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
840 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
841 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
844 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
845 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
846 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
847 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
848 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
849 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
851 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
852 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
854 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
855 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
858 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
859 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
860 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
863 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
864 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
865 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
866 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
870 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
871 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
874 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
875 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
876 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
877 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
878 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
879 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
882 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
883 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
884 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
885 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
888 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
889 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
890 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
891 in next mpd5.3 release.
894 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
895 the base system (it was a port).
898 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
899 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
902 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
903 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
904 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
905 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
906 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
907 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
908 none of the L2 information.
911 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
912 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
914 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
916 to their kernel config files when specifying:
920 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
921 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
922 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
923 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
926 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
927 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
928 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
929 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
930 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
934 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
935 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
936 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
937 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
940 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
943 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
944 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
945 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
946 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
947 controller add the following to loader.conf:
953 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
954 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
958 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
959 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
960 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
961 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
962 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
963 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
964 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
967 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
968 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
969 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
970 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
971 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
974 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
980 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
982 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
983 cause compilation to fail.
986 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
989 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
991 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
992 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
993 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
994 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
995 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
996 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
997 accepting the RSA key.
999 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1000 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1003 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1004 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1005 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1009 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1010 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1011 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1013 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1014 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1015 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1016 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1017 use the new device names.
1019 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1020 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1021 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1022 at the loader prompt:
1024 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1025 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1026 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1027 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1031 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1035 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1036 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1037 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1038 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1041 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1042 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1045 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1046 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1047 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1048 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1049 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1052 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1053 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1054 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1055 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1056 For example, change:
1057 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1060 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1061 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1062 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1063 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1065 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1066 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1067 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1070 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1071 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1072 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1073 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1074 other operation levels.
1077 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1078 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1079 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1080 compatibility with any prior release:
1082 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1083 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1084 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1087 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1088 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1089 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1090 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1091 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1095 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1096 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1097 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1098 with older hardware easier to do.
1101 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1102 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1105 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1106 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1107 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1111 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1115 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1116 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1117 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1118 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1119 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1120 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1121 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1122 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1123 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1124 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1125 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1126 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1129 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1130 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1131 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1134 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1135 functionality is the default now.
1138 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1139 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1140 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1141 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1142 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1144 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1145 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1146 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1149 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1150 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1151 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1152 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1153 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1154 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1155 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1156 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1157 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1158 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1162 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1163 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1164 used kproc_start()..
1165 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1166 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1167 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1176 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1177 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1178 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1179 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1180 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1181 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1182 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1184 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1185 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1186 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1187 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1188 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1190 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1191 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1192 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1193 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1194 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1198 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1201 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1202 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1204 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1206 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1207 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1208 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1210 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1214 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1215 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1216 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1218 make kernel-toolchain
1219 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1220 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1222 To test a kernel once
1223 ---------------------
1224 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1225 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1226 debugging information) run
1227 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1228 nextboot -k testkernel
1230 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1231 --------------------------------------------------------------
1232 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1233 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1234 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1236 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1237 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1238 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1243 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1245 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1246 -----------------------------------------------------------
1247 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1248 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1250 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1252 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1254 <reboot in single user> [3]
1262 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1263 --------------------------------------------------
1264 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1265 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1266 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1269 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1272 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1273 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1274 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1275 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1276 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1277 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1278 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1279 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1280 <reboot into current>
1281 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1282 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1286 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current
1287 ----------------------------------------------
1288 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1290 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1292 <reboot in single user> [3]
1299 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1300 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1301 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1302 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1303 the UPDATING entries.
1305 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1306 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1307 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1308 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1309 much fewer pitfalls.
1311 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1312 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1315 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1320 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1321 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1322 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1324 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1325 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1326 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1327 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1328 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1329 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1330 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1332 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1333 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1334 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1335 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1336 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1337 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1339 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1340 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1341 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1343 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1344 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1345 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1346 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1347 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1348 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1350 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1351 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1353 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1354 cvs prune empty directories.
1356 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1357 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1358 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1360 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1361 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1362 warn if it is improperly defined.
1365 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1366 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1367 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1368 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1370 Copyright information:
1372 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1374 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1375 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1376 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1378 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1379 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1380 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1381 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1382 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1383 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1384 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1385 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1386 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1387 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1388 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1390 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of