1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
9 portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes).
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance.
25 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
26 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
27 when crossing this point.
30 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
31 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
32 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
33 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
34 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
38 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
39 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
42 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
43 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
47 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
48 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
49 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
52 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
53 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
54 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
55 if you have updated the kernel.
57 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
58 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
59 mounting the new volume.
62 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
63 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
64 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
65 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
68 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
69 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
72 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
73 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
74 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
75 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
76 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
77 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
80 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
81 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
82 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
83 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
84 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
87 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
88 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
89 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
90 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
91 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
92 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
93 and wlan_xauth as required.
96 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
97 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
98 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
99 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
103 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
104 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
105 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
106 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
107 the module when a wep key is configured).
110 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
111 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
112 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
115 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
116 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
119 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
120 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
121 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
122 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
123 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
124 their /etc/rc scripts.
127 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
130 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
131 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
132 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
135 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
136 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
137 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
140 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
141 in the RELENG_5 branch.
145 # NOTE: 5.x below applies to 6.0-current as well, for the
146 # moment. 4.any -> 5.any upgrade support will remain in
147 # place for 6.0 current, but after 5.3 RELEASE, the 4.any ->
148 # 6.0-current upgrade path will require moving through 5.3
153 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
154 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
155 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
156 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
157 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
158 on the -current branch).
160 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
161 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
162 environment when searching for values for global variables.
163 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
164 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
165 page for more details.
169 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
170 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
171 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
172 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
173 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
175 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
176 --------------------------------------------------------------
177 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
178 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
179 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
181 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
182 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
183 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
188 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
190 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
191 -----------------------------------------------------------
192 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
193 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
195 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
196 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
198 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
200 <reboot in single user> [3]
201 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
208 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
209 --------------------------------------------------
210 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
211 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
212 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
215 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
218 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
219 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
220 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
221 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
222 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
223 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
224 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
225 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
226 <reboot into current>
227 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
228 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat>
232 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
233 ----------------------------------------------
234 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
235 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.x onto a 4.x
236 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
237 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
238 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
239 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
240 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
243 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
244 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
246 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
247 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
248 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6]
250 <reboot in single user> [3]
251 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
253 rm -rf /usr/include/g++
258 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
259 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
260 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
261 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
262 the UPDATING entries.
264 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
265 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
266 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
267 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
270 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
271 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
274 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
275 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
278 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
283 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
284 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
285 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
286 For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about
287 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
288 be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
290 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
291 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
292 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
293 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
294 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
295 for potential gotchas.
297 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
298 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
299 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
300 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
301 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
302 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
304 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
305 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
306 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
308 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
309 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
312 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
313 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form /dev/ad0a
314 without the actual slice name. These will break with 5.x and newer.
315 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
316 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. i386 and pc98 are affected, while alpha
319 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
320 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
321 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
322 that is hard to boot to recover.
324 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
325 last time you updated your kernel config file.
327 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
328 cvs prune empty directories.
330 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
331 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
332 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
334 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
335 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
336 warn if it is improperly defined.
338 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything,
339 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x
340 compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue
341 using your existing software for a while. Alternatively, you can
342 install the misc/compat4x port.
344 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
345 initialized by feeding data into it. src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
349 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
350 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
351 and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
352 previous releases if your system is older than this.
354 Copyright information:
356 Copyright 1998-2004 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
358 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
359 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
360 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
362 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
363 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
364 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
365 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
366 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
367 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
368 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
369 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
370 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
371 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
372 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
374 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
377 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of