1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
27 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
28 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
29 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
30 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
31 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
32 none of the L2 information.
35 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
36 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
38 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
40 to their kernel config files when specifying:
44 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
45 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
46 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
47 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
50 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
51 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
52 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
53 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
54 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
58 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
59 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
60 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
61 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
64 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
67 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
68 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
69 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
70 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
71 controller add the following to loader.conf:
77 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
78 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
82 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
83 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
84 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
85 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
86 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
95 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
97 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
98 cause compilation to fail.
101 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
104 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
106 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
107 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
108 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
109 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
110 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
111 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
112 accepting the RSA key.
114 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
115 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
118 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
119 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
120 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
124 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
125 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
126 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
128 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
129 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
130 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
131 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
132 use the new device names.
134 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
135 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
136 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
137 at the loader prompt:
139 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
140 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
141 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
142 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
146 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
150 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
151 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
152 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
153 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
156 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
157 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
160 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
161 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
162 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
163 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
164 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
167 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
168 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
169 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
170 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
172 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
175 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
176 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
177 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
178 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
180 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
181 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
182 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
185 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
186 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
187 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
188 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
189 other operation levels.
192 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
193 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
194 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
195 compatibility with any prior release:
197 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
198 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
199 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
202 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
203 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
204 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
205 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
206 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
210 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
211 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
212 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
213 with older hardware easier to do.
216 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
217 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
220 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
221 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
222 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
226 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
230 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
231 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
232 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
233 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
234 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
235 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
236 third-party software might fail to build after this change
237 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
238 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
239 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
240 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
241 case that a portable fix is impossible.
244 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
245 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
246 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
249 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
250 functionality is the default now.
253 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
254 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
255 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
256 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
257 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
259 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
260 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
261 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
264 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
265 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
266 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
267 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
268 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
269 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
270 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
271 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
272 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
273 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
277 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
278 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
280 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
281 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
282 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
288 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
289 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
292 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
293 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
294 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
295 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
296 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
299 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
300 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
301 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
302 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
306 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
307 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
308 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
311 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
312 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
313 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
316 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
317 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
318 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
319 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
320 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
323 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
324 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
325 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
326 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
327 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
328 will change after some settling time.
331 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
332 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
336 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
337 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
341 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
342 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
343 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
344 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
347 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
348 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
349 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
350 the IPv4 network stack.
352 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
353 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
354 has now been removed.
356 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
357 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
358 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
359 updated to reflect this.
361 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
362 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
366 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
367 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
368 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
369 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
370 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
371 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
372 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
373 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
374 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
375 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
379 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
380 function and starts providing an account management function.
381 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
382 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
383 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
385 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
387 and change it according to this example:
389 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
391 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
392 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
393 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
394 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
397 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
398 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
399 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
400 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
403 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
404 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
405 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
406 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
407 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
408 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
412 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
413 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
414 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
415 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
416 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
417 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
418 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
420 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
421 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
422 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
425 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
426 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
427 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
428 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
431 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
432 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
435 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
436 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
437 base operating system should be recompiled.
440 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
441 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
442 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
443 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
444 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
447 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
448 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
449 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
450 deprecated in previous releases.
451 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
452 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
455 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
456 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
457 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
459 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
462 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
463 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
464 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
465 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
468 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
469 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
470 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
471 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
472 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
473 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
474 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
475 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
476 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
479 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
480 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
481 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
482 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
486 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
487 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
488 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
490 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
491 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
492 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
495 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
496 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
497 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
498 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
499 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
503 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
504 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
505 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
506 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
507 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
510 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
511 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
512 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
513 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
516 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
517 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
518 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
519 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
523 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
524 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
525 with exceptions of followings:
526 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
527 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
528 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
529 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
530 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
531 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
532 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
533 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
536 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
537 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
538 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
539 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
540 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
541 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
543 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
545 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
546 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
547 the array the same way you built it originally.
550 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
551 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
552 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
553 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
554 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
555 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
556 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
559 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
560 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
561 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
562 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
563 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
566 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
567 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
568 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
569 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
570 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
573 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
574 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
575 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
576 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
577 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
578 added to 'struct proc'.
581 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
584 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
585 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
586 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
587 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
588 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
591 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
594 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
595 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
596 systat needs to be rebuilt.
599 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
602 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
603 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
604 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
607 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
608 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
609 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
610 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
611 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
614 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
615 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
616 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
617 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
620 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
621 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
625 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
626 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
627 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
628 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
629 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
632 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
633 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
634 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
635 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
636 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
637 `make installworld' with:
639 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
641 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
642 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
643 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
644 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
647 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
648 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
649 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
650 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
654 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
655 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
656 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
657 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
658 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
659 implements the interface to support it.
662 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
663 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
664 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
665 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
669 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
670 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
671 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
672 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
673 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
674 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
675 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
676 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
677 likely follow. Posting to current@:
679 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
682 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
683 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
686 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
687 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
688 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
689 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
693 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
694 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
695 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
698 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
699 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
702 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
703 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
704 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
705 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
706 on your next install.
707 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
708 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
709 to your /etc/make.conf.
712 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
713 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
714 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
717 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
718 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
719 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
722 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
723 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
726 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
727 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
728 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
729 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
732 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
733 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
734 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
737 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
738 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
739 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
743 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
744 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
745 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
746 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
747 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
748 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
749 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
750 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
753 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
754 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
755 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
758 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
759 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
762 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
763 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
766 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
767 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
768 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
771 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
772 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
773 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
774 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
775 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
776 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
780 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
781 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
784 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
785 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
788 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
789 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
790 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
791 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
795 RELENG_6 branched here.
798 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
799 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
800 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
801 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
802 removable_interfaces.
805 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
806 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
807 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
808 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
809 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
810 affect existing configurations.
813 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
814 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
815 updated to the new APIs.
818 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
819 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
820 will not behave correctly.
822 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
823 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
824 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
827 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
828 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
829 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
830 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
831 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
833 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
834 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
838 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
839 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
842 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
843 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
844 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
845 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
846 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
847 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
848 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
851 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
852 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
853 fail after this date. For full details, please see
854 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
857 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
858 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
859 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
862 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
863 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
864 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
868 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
869 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
870 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
871 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
874 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
875 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
876 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
877 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
878 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
882 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
883 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
886 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
887 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
891 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
892 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
893 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
896 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
897 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
898 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
899 if you have updated the kernel.
901 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
902 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
903 mounting the new volume.
906 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
907 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
908 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
909 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
912 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
913 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
916 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
917 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
918 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
919 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
920 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
921 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
924 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
925 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
926 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
927 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
928 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
931 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
932 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
933 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
934 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
935 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
936 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
937 and wlan_xauth as required.
940 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
941 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
942 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
943 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
947 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
948 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
949 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
950 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
951 the module when a wep key is configured).
954 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
955 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
956 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
959 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
960 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
963 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
964 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
965 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
966 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
967 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
968 their /etc/rc scripts.
971 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
974 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
975 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
976 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
979 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
980 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
981 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
984 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
985 in the RELENG_5 branch.
991 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
992 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
993 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
994 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
995 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
996 on the -current branch).
998 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
999 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1000 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1001 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1002 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1003 page for more details.
1005 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1006 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1007 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1008 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1009 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1014 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1015 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1016 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1018 make kernel-toolchain
1019 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1020 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1022 To test a kernel once
1023 ---------------------
1024 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1025 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1026 debugging information) run
1027 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1028 nextboot -k testkernel
1030 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1031 --------------------------------------------------------------
1032 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1033 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1034 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1036 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1037 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1038 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1043 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1045 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1046 -----------------------------------------------------------
1047 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1048 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1050 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1052 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1054 <reboot in single user> [3]
1062 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1063 --------------------------------------------------
1064 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1065 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1066 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1069 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1072 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1073 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1074 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1075 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1076 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1077 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1078 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1079 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1080 <reboot into current>
1081 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1082 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1086 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1087 ----------------------------------------------
1088 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1090 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1092 <reboot in single user> [3]
1099 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1100 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1101 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1102 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1103 the UPDATING entries.
1105 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1106 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1107 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1108 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1109 much fewer pitfalls.
1111 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1112 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1115 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1120 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1121 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1122 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1124 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1125 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1126 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1127 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1128 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1129 for potential gotchas.
1131 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1132 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1133 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1134 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1135 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1136 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1138 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1139 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1140 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1141 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1142 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1144 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1145 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1147 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1148 cvs prune empty directories.
1150 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1151 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1152 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1154 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1155 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1156 warn if it is improperly defined.
1159 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1160 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1161 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1162 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1164 Copyright information:
1166 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1168 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1169 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1170 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1172 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1173 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1174 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1175 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1176 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1177 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1178 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1179 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1180 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1181 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1182 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1184 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1187 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of