1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 incorporates the makefs tool is
27 part of the base system (it was a port).
30 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
31 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
34 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
35 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
36 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
37 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
38 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
39 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
40 none of the L2 information.
43 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
44 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
46 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
48 to their kernel config files when specifying:
52 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
53 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
54 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
55 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
58 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
59 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
60 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
61 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
62 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
66 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
67 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
68 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
69 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
72 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
75 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
76 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
77 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
78 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
79 controller add the following to loader.conf:
85 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
86 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
90 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
91 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
92 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
93 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
94 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
103 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
105 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
106 cause compilation to fail.
109 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
112 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
114 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
115 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
116 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
117 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
118 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
119 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
120 accepting the RSA key.
122 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
123 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
126 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
127 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
128 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
132 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
133 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
134 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
136 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
137 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
138 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
139 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
140 use the new device names.
142 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
143 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
144 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
145 at the loader prompt:
147 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
148 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
149 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
150 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
154 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
158 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
159 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
160 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
161 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
164 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
165 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
168 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
169 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
170 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
171 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
172 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
175 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
176 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
177 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
178 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
180 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
183 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
184 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
185 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
186 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
188 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
189 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
190 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
193 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
194 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
195 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
196 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
197 other operation levels.
200 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
201 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
202 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
203 compatibility with any prior release:
205 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
206 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
207 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
210 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
211 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
212 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
213 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
214 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
218 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
219 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
220 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
221 with older hardware easier to do.
224 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
225 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
228 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
229 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
230 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
234 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
238 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
239 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
240 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
241 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
242 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
243 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
244 third-party software might fail to build after this change
245 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
246 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
247 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
248 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
249 case that a portable fix is impossible.
252 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
253 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
254 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
257 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
258 functionality is the default now.
261 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
262 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
263 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
264 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
265 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
267 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
268 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
269 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
272 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
273 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
274 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
275 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
276 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
277 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
278 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
279 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
280 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
281 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
285 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
286 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
288 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
289 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
290 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
296 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
297 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
300 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
301 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
302 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
303 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
304 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
307 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
308 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
309 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
310 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
314 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
315 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
316 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
319 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
320 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
321 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
324 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
325 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
326 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
327 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
328 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
331 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
332 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
333 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
334 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
335 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
336 will change after some settling time.
339 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
340 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
344 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
345 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
349 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
350 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
351 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
352 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
355 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
356 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
357 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
358 the IPv4 network stack.
360 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
361 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
362 has now been removed.
364 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
365 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
366 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
367 updated to reflect this.
369 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
370 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
374 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
375 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
376 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
377 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
378 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
379 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
380 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
381 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
382 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
383 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
387 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
388 function and starts providing an account management function.
389 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
390 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
391 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
393 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
395 and change it according to this example:
397 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
399 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
400 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
401 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
402 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
405 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
406 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
407 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
408 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
411 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
412 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
413 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
414 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
415 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
416 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
420 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
421 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
422 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
423 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
424 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
425 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
426 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
428 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
429 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
430 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
433 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
434 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
435 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
436 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
439 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
440 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
443 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
444 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
445 base operating system should be recompiled.
448 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
449 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
450 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
451 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
452 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
455 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
456 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
457 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
458 deprecated in previous releases.
459 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
460 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
463 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
464 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
465 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
467 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
470 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
471 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
472 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
473 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
476 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
477 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
478 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
479 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
480 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
481 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
482 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
483 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
484 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
487 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
488 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
489 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
490 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
494 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
495 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
496 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
498 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
499 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
500 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
503 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
504 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
505 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
506 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
507 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
511 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
512 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
513 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
514 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
515 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
518 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
519 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
520 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
521 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
524 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
525 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
526 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
527 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
531 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
532 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
533 with exceptions of followings:
534 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
535 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
536 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
537 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
538 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
539 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
540 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
541 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
544 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
545 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
546 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
547 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
548 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
549 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
551 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
553 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
554 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
555 the array the same way you built it originally.
558 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
559 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
560 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
561 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
562 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
563 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
564 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
567 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
568 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
569 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
570 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
571 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
574 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
575 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
576 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
577 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
578 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
581 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
582 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
583 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
584 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
585 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
586 added to 'struct proc'.
589 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
592 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
593 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
594 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
595 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
596 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
599 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
602 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
603 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
604 systat needs to be rebuilt.
607 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
610 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
611 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
612 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
615 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
616 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
617 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
618 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
619 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
622 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
623 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
624 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
625 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
628 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
629 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
633 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
634 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
635 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
636 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
637 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
640 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
641 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
642 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
643 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
644 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
645 `make installworld' with:
647 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
649 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
650 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
651 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
652 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
655 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
656 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
657 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
658 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
662 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
663 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
664 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
665 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
666 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
667 implements the interface to support it.
670 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
671 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
672 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
673 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
677 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
678 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
679 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
680 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
681 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
682 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
683 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
684 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
685 likely follow. Posting to current@:
687 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
690 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
691 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
694 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
695 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
696 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
697 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
701 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
702 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
703 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
706 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
707 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
710 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
711 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
712 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
713 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
714 on your next install.
715 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
716 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
717 to your /etc/make.conf.
720 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
721 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
722 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
725 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
726 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
727 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
730 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
731 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
734 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
735 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
736 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
737 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
740 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
741 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
742 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
745 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
746 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
747 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
751 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
752 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
753 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
754 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
755 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
756 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
757 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
758 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
761 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
762 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
763 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
766 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
767 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
770 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
771 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
774 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
775 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
776 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
779 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
780 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
781 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
782 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
783 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
784 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
788 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
789 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
792 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
793 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
796 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
797 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
798 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
799 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
803 RELENG_6 branched here.
806 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
807 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
808 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
809 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
810 removable_interfaces.
813 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
814 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
815 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
816 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
817 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
818 affect existing configurations.
821 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
822 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
823 updated to the new APIs.
826 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
827 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
828 will not behave correctly.
830 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
831 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
832 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
835 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
836 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
837 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
838 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
839 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
841 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
842 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
846 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
847 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
850 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
851 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
852 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
853 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
854 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
855 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
856 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
859 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
860 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
861 fail after this date. For full details, please see
862 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
865 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
866 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
867 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
870 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
871 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
872 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
876 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
877 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
878 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
879 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
882 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
883 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
884 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
885 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
886 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
890 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
891 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
894 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
895 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
899 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
900 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
901 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
904 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
905 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
906 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
907 if you have updated the kernel.
909 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
910 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
911 mounting the new volume.
914 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
915 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
916 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
917 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
920 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
921 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
924 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
925 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
926 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
927 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
928 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
929 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
932 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
933 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
934 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
935 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
936 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
939 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
940 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
941 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
942 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
943 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
944 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
945 and wlan_xauth as required.
948 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
949 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
950 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
951 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
955 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
956 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
957 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
958 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
959 the module when a wep key is configured).
962 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
963 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
964 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
967 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
968 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
971 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
972 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
973 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
974 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
975 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
976 their /etc/rc scripts.
979 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
982 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
983 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
984 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
987 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
988 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
989 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
992 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
993 in the RELENG_5 branch.
999 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1000 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1001 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1002 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1003 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1004 on the -current branch).
1006 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1007 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1008 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1009 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1010 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1011 page for more details.
1013 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1014 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1015 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1016 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1017 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1022 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1023 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1024 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1026 make kernel-toolchain
1027 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1028 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1030 To test a kernel once
1031 ---------------------
1032 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1033 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1034 debugging information) run
1035 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1036 nextboot -k testkernel
1038 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1039 --------------------------------------------------------------
1040 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1041 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1042 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1044 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1045 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1046 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1051 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1053 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1054 -----------------------------------------------------------
1055 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1056 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1058 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1060 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1062 <reboot in single user> [3]
1070 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1071 --------------------------------------------------
1072 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1073 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1074 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1077 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1080 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1081 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1082 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1083 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1084 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1085 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1086 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1087 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1088 <reboot into current>
1089 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1090 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1094 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1095 ----------------------------------------------
1096 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1098 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1100 <reboot in single user> [3]
1107 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1108 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1109 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1110 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1111 the UPDATING entries.
1113 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1114 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1115 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1116 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1117 much fewer pitfalls.
1119 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1120 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1123 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1128 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1129 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1130 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1132 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1133 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1134 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1135 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1136 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1137 for potential gotchas.
1139 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1140 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1141 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1142 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1143 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1144 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1146 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1147 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1148 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1149 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1150 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1152 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1153 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1155 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1156 cvs prune empty directories.
1158 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1159 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1160 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1162 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1163 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1164 warn if it is improperly defined.
1167 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1168 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1169 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1170 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1172 Copyright information:
1174 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1176 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1177 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1178 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1180 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1181 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1182 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1183 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1184 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1185 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1186 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1187 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1188 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1189 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1190 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1192 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1195 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of