1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
27 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
28 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
29 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
30 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
31 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
32 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
33 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
34 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
36 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
37 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
38 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
39 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
40 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
43 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
44 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
45 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
46 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
47 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
50 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
51 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
55 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
59 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
60 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
61 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
64 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
65 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
68 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
69 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
73 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
74 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
76 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
79 For those who use ipfw and especially pf, those two firewalls
80 are now started BEFORE the network is initialized (i.e., before
81 rc.d/netif). Please review your rules to make sure that your
82 interfaces will be properly described.
85 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
89 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
90 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
93 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
95 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
98 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
99 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
100 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
101 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
102 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
103 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
106 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
107 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
110 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
112 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
115 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
116 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
117 data to /etc/localtime.
120 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
121 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
124 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
125 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
126 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
127 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
128 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
129 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
132 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
133 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
134 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
135 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
136 correctly checking networking state from userland.
137 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
140 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
141 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
142 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
143 follows the IPv4 implementation.
145 For kernel developers:
147 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
148 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
149 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
151 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
152 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
153 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
154 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
156 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
157 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
158 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
159 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
160 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
161 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
162 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
163 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
164 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
165 multicast membership on-link.
166 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
167 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
168 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
170 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
171 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
173 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
174 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
177 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
178 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
179 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
180 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
182 For application developers:
184 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
187 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
188 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
190 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
191 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
192 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
193 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
195 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
196 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
197 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
198 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
199 Multicast Source Filters'.
201 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
203 For systems administrators:
205 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
206 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
207 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
208 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
209 returned by getifaddrs(3).
211 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
212 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
214 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
215 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
216 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
217 recommended for optimal system performance.
219 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
220 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
221 back forwarded datagrams.
223 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
226 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
227 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
230 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
231 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
232 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
233 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
236 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
237 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
238 state will require a world rebuild.
239 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
242 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
243 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
247 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
248 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
249 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
250 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
252 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
255 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
256 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
257 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
258 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
259 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
260 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
261 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
262 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
265 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
266 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
267 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
270 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
271 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
272 introduces some changes:
274 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
275 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
276 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
278 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
279 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
280 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
281 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
283 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
284 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
285 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
288 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
291 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
292 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
296 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
297 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
298 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
299 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
300 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
303 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
304 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
305 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
306 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
310 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
311 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
312 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
313 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
316 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
317 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
320 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
321 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
323 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
324 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
325 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
327 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
328 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
329 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
330 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
331 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
332 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
333 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
334 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
336 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
337 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
338 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
339 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
340 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
341 to preserve the existing behaviour.
343 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
344 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
345 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
346 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
347 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
349 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
350 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
351 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
354 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
355 recompiled to reflect this.
356 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
359 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
360 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
361 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
362 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
363 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
364 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
367 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
368 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
369 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
370 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
371 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
372 raised to allow such segments to be created.
375 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
376 network device driver modules.
379 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
380 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
383 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
384 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
385 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
386 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
387 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
391 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
392 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
393 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
397 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
398 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
400 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
401 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
402 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
405 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
406 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
407 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
408 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
409 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
410 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
412 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
413 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
415 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
416 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
419 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
420 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
421 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
422 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
426 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
427 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
430 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
431 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
432 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
433 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
434 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
435 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
438 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
439 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
440 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
441 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
444 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
445 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
446 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
447 in next mpd5.3 release.
450 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
451 the base system (it was a port).
454 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
455 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
458 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
459 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
460 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
461 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
462 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
463 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
464 none of the L2 information.
467 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
468 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
470 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
472 to their kernel config files when specifying:
476 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
477 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
478 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
479 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
482 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
483 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
484 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
485 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
486 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
490 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
491 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
492 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
493 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
496 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
499 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
500 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
501 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
502 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
503 controller add the following to loader.conf:
509 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
510 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
514 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
515 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
516 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
517 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
518 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
521 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
527 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
529 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
530 cause compilation to fail.
533 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
536 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
538 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
539 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
540 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
541 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
542 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
543 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
544 accepting the RSA key.
546 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
547 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
550 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
551 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
552 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
556 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
557 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
558 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
560 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
561 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
562 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
563 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
564 use the new device names.
566 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
567 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
568 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
569 at the loader prompt:
571 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
572 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
573 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
574 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
578 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
582 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
583 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
584 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
585 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
588 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
589 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
592 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
593 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
594 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
595 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
596 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
599 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
600 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
601 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
602 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
604 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
607 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
608 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
609 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
610 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
612 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
613 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
614 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
617 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
618 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
619 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
620 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
621 other operation levels.
624 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
625 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
626 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
627 compatibility with any prior release:
629 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
630 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
631 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
634 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
635 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
636 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
637 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
638 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
642 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
643 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
644 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
645 with older hardware easier to do.
648 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
649 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
652 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
653 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
654 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
658 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
662 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
663 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
664 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
665 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
666 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
667 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
668 third-party software might fail to build after this change
669 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
670 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
671 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
672 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
673 case that a portable fix is impossible.
676 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
677 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
678 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
681 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
682 functionality is the default now.
685 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
686 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
687 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
688 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
689 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
691 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
692 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
693 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
696 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
697 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
698 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
699 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
700 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
701 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
702 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
703 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
704 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
705 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
709 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
710 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
712 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
713 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
714 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
720 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
721 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
724 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
725 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
726 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
727 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
728 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
731 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
732 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
733 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
734 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
738 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
739 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
740 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
743 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
744 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
745 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
748 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
749 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
750 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
751 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
752 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
755 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
756 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
757 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
758 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
759 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
760 will change after some settling time.
763 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
764 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
768 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
769 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
773 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
774 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
775 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
776 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
779 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
780 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
781 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
782 the IPv4 network stack.
784 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
785 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
786 has now been removed.
788 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
789 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
790 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
791 updated to reflect this.
793 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
794 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
798 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
799 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
800 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
801 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
802 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
803 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
804 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
805 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
806 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
807 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
811 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
812 function and starts providing an account management function.
813 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
814 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
815 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
817 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
819 and change it according to this example:
821 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
823 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
824 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
825 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
826 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
829 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
830 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
831 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
832 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
835 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
836 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
837 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
838 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
839 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
840 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
844 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
845 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
846 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
847 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
848 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
849 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
850 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
852 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
853 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
854 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
857 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
858 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
859 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
860 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
863 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
864 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
867 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
868 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
869 base operating system should be recompiled.
872 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
873 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
874 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
875 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
876 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
879 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
880 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
881 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
882 deprecated in previous releases.
883 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
884 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
887 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
888 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
889 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
891 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
894 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
895 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
896 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
897 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
900 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
901 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
902 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
903 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
904 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
905 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
906 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
907 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
908 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
911 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
912 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
913 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
914 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
918 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
919 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
920 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
922 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
923 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
924 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
927 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
928 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
929 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
930 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
931 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
935 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
936 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
937 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
938 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
939 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
942 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
943 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
944 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
945 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
948 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
949 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
950 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
951 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
955 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
956 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
957 with exceptions of followings:
958 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
959 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
960 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
961 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
962 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
963 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
964 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
965 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
968 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
969 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
970 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
971 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
972 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
973 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
975 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
977 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
978 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
979 the array the same way you built it originally.
982 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
983 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
984 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
985 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
986 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
987 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
988 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
991 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
992 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
993 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
994 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
995 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
998 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
999 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1000 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1001 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1002 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1005 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1006 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1007 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1008 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1009 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1010 added to 'struct proc'.
1013 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1016 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1017 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1018 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1019 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1020 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1023 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1026 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1027 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1028 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1031 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1034 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1035 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1036 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1039 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1040 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1041 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1042 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1043 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1046 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1047 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1048 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1049 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1052 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1053 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1057 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1058 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1059 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1060 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1061 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1064 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1065 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1066 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1067 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1068 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1069 `make installworld' with:
1071 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1073 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1074 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1075 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1076 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1079 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1080 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1081 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1082 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1086 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1087 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1088 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1089 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1090 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1091 implements the interface to support it.
1094 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1095 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1096 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1097 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1101 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1102 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1103 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1104 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1105 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1106 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1107 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1108 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1109 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1111 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1114 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1115 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1118 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1119 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1120 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1121 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1125 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1126 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1127 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1130 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1131 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1134 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1135 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1136 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1137 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1138 on your next install.
1139 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1140 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1141 to your /etc/make.conf.
1144 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1145 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1146 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1149 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1150 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1151 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1154 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1155 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1158 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1159 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1160 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1161 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1164 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1165 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1166 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1169 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1170 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1171 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1175 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1176 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1177 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1178 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1179 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1180 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1181 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1182 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1185 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1186 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1187 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1190 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1191 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1194 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1195 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1198 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1199 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1200 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1203 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1204 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1205 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1206 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1207 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1208 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1212 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1213 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1216 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1217 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1220 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1221 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1222 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1223 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1227 RELENG_6 branched here.
1230 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1231 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1232 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1233 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1234 removable_interfaces.
1237 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1238 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1239 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1240 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1241 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1242 affect existing configurations.
1245 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1246 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1247 updated to the new APIs.
1250 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1251 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1252 will not behave correctly.
1254 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1255 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1256 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1259 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1260 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1261 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1262 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1263 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1265 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1266 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1270 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1271 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1274 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1275 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1276 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1277 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1278 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1279 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1280 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1283 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1284 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1285 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1286 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1289 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1290 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1291 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1294 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1295 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1296 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1300 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1301 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1302 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1303 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1306 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1307 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1308 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1309 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1310 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1311 none at this point.)
1314 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1315 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1318 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1319 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1320 with the new kernel.
1323 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1324 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1325 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1328 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1329 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1330 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1331 if you have updated the kernel.
1333 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1334 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1335 mounting the new volume.
1338 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1339 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1340 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1341 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1344 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1345 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1348 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1349 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1350 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1351 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1352 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1353 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1356 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1357 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1358 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1359 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1360 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1363 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1364 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1365 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1366 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1367 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1368 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1369 and wlan_xauth as required.
1372 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1373 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1374 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1375 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1379 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1380 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1381 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1382 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1383 the module when a wep key is configured).
1386 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1387 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1388 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1391 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1392 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1395 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1396 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1397 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1398 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1399 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1400 their /etc/rc scripts.
1403 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1406 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1407 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1408 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1411 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1412 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1413 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1416 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1417 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1423 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1424 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1425 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1426 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1427 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1428 on the -current branch).
1430 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1431 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1432 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1433 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1434 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1435 page for more details.
1437 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1438 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1439 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1440 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1441 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1446 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1447 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1448 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1450 make kernel-toolchain
1451 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1452 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1454 To test a kernel once
1455 ---------------------
1456 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1457 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1458 debugging information) run
1459 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1460 nextboot -k testkernel
1462 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1463 --------------------------------------------------------------
1464 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1465 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1466 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1468 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1469 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1470 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1475 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1477 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1478 -----------------------------------------------------------
1479 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1480 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1482 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1484 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1486 <reboot in single user> [3]
1494 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1495 --------------------------------------------------
1496 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1497 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1498 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1501 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1504 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1505 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1506 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1507 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1508 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1509 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1510 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1511 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1512 <reboot into current>
1513 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1514 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1518 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1519 ----------------------------------------------
1520 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1522 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1524 <reboot in single user> [3]
1531 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1532 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1533 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1534 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1535 the UPDATING entries.
1537 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1538 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1539 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1540 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1541 much fewer pitfalls.
1543 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1544 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1547 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1552 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1553 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1554 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1556 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1557 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1558 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1559 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1560 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1561 for potential gotchas.
1563 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1564 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1565 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1566 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1567 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1568 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1570 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1571 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1572 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1573 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1574 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1576 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1577 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1579 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1580 cvs prune empty directories.
1582 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1583 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1584 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1586 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1587 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1588 warn if it is improperly defined.
1591 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1592 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1593 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1594 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1596 Copyright information:
1598 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1600 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1601 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1602 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1604 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1605 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1606 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1607 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1608 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1609 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1610 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1611 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1612 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1613 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1614 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1616 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1619 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of