1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 5.x IS SLOW:
8 FreeBSD 5.x has many debugging features turned on, in
9 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
10 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
11 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
12 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
13 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
14 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
15 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
16 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
17 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
18 to maximize performance.
21 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c)
22 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree.
25 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly
26 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your
30 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command
31 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without
32 options are not affected but those with options may break until
33 ipfw(8) is recompiled.
36 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this
37 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to
41 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes
42 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable
43 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0.
46 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy
47 drive is still broken.
50 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management
51 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until
52 the unanticipated problems have been resolved.
55 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process,
56 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring
57 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes
58 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running
59 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running
60 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom".
63 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant
64 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and
65 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322,
66 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this
67 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack.
68 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should
69 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over.
70 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient
71 locking is merged to permit this to take place.
74 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to
75 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people
76 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for
77 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People
78 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event.
81 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make
82 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required
83 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your
84 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf.
85 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The
86 pf system consists of the following three devices:
88 device pflog # optional
89 device pfsync # optional
92 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition
93 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of
96 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1
97 libc_r.so libpthread.so
99 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r
100 to use libpthread instead.
103 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1
104 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is
105 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default).
106 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may
107 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced.
110 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated
111 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that
112 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some
113 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs
114 should remain unaffected.
117 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor
118 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that
119 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD
120 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions
121 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations
122 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors.
125 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm
126 and related userland network utilities neccessary.
129 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways.
130 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT.
131 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION.
132 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated.
135 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer
136 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time.
139 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the
140 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also
141 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For
142 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links
143 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until
144 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is
145 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that
146 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or
147 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended
148 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using
149 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf
150 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries
151 do not work with libpthread.
154 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler
155 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be
156 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more
157 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not
158 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option
159 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE.
162 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly
163 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory,
164 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option.
167 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail
168 if the login process is unable to successfully set the
169 process credentials to include all groups defined for the
170 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators
171 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups
172 defined, or they will be unable to log in.
175 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required
176 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically.
179 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to
180 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem
181 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel
182 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about
183 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will
184 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs
186 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the
187 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since
188 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option
189 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you
190 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4!
191 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs
192 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad
193 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports
194 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after
195 these changes are installed.
197 ****************************DANGER*******************************
199 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and
200 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a
201 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old
205 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This
206 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph
207 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require
208 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in
209 sync before rebooting.
212 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default
213 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical
214 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS.
215 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the
216 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel
217 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled.
220 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by
221 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily
222 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your
223 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver.
226 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing
227 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with
228 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most
229 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated
230 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to
234 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove
235 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly.
236 __FreeBSD_version bumpted to 501110.
239 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and
240 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel.
243 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS
244 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was
245 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has
246 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS
247 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c.
250 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally
251 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system
252 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See
253 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp.
256 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started
257 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This
258 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address
259 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute.
262 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be
263 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb
264 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when
265 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or
266 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest
267 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'.
268 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time
269 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts
270 may or may not exist on your system.
273 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h
274 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it.
275 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your
276 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically.
279 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel.
280 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be
281 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine
282 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted.
285 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated
286 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your
287 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel
288 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org
289 so the quirk can be re-enabled.
292 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues
293 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time.
296 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't
297 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but
298 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real
302 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue.
303 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others
304 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment.
305 People should report those issues to current@.
308 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN
309 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove
313 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code
314 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your
315 LANG environment variable.
318 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel
319 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly
320 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on
321 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig
322 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup
326 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you
327 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is
328 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure
329 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1)
330 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one-
331 time snafu. Typical failure mode:
333 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092:
334 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored
335 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored
336 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored
339 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC
340 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of
341 usr.bin/sed/process.c).
344 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting
345 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT
346 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS.
349 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and
350 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you
351 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE
352 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld.
355 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems
356 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org.
357 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can
358 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating,
359 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that
360 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed.
363 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd
364 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The
365 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You
366 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating
367 userland. In general, you should have a userland and
368 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the
369 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some
373 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit
374 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1)
375 while upgrading the system through a buildworld.
377 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
378 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update
379 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee
380 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc:
382 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \
383 make cleandir && make obj && \
384 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \
385 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install
388 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important
389 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses
390 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is
391 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines
392 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately.
395 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard.
396 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should
397 be removed when convenient.
400 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users
401 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys.
404 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently
405 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config.
406 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler
407 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like
408 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try
409 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion.
412 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree.
413 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate
416 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are
417 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line
418 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility
422 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC
423 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions
424 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous
425 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any
426 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not
427 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be
431 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay
432 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need
433 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work
434 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get
435 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301.
438 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on
439 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work
440 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in
441 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
444 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep
445 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT
449 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels.
450 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to
451 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you
452 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD
453 partition really is on. The old device names have gone
454 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust
455 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in
456 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.)
459 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or
460 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems
461 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory",
462 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD
463 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c).
465 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
466 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit
467 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the
468 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the
469 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN,
470 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR.
473 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible
474 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++
475 programs and libraries need to be recompiled.
477 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before
478 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed.
481 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm
482 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default.
483 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use
484 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings).
487 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was
488 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line
492 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as
493 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare
494 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The
495 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option.
498 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved.
499 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the
500 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP
501 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds.
502 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE.
505 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the
506 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and
510 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer
511 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add
512 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed
513 with the set-user-ID bit set.
516 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2.
517 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand
518 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to
519 generated debugging information for our native GDB.
522 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc
523 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc
524 and then do a cvs update.
527 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the
528 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio.
531 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it
532 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf
533 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail
534 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to
535 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting
536 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will
537 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot.
540 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option.
543 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today.
546 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer,
547 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line.
550 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no
551 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support
552 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run
553 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf,
554 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details.
556 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are
557 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID
558 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group
559 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will
560 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user
561 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and
562 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'.
563 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install
564 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a
565 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed
569 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/
570 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified
571 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If
572 you have local modifications, you can use
573 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your
576 Please see the following url for more details:
577 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no>
579 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable
580 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed
581 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za>
584 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file
585 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring
586 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its
587 own. All the accumulated features and bugfixes of the i4b
588 version have now been merged back into the base system's
589 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this
590 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with
591 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired
592 as well. (There has never been rc file support for
593 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be
594 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.)
597 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically
598 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and
599 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the
600 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of
601 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by
602 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They
603 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using
607 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed,
608 and truss(1) now works again.
611 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8)
612 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please
614 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org>
618 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the
619 kernel and burncd to be in sync.
622 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the
623 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your
624 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's
627 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead
628 until the issue has been resolved.
631 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been
635 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding
636 after this date. You need to do this only once.
639 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough
640 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be
641 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal."
644 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect
645 choppy waves in the upgrade process.
648 The asr driver problem has been resolved.
651 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver
652 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending
653 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you
654 try to use from this date forward.
657 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use
658 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET,
659 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on
660 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and
664 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed.
665 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications
669 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than
670 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will
671 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment,
672 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works
673 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa).
676 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines.
677 To disable ACPI you can add
678 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"
679 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot
682 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko
683 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config
684 file and not list acpi in that list.
687 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install
688 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries
689 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to
690 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the
691 following to get them installed only once:
692 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch>
694 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this.
697 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools
698 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This
699 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary
701 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO"
702 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This
703 can be removed afterwards.
705 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed.
708 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code.
709 NFS may be unstable after this date.
712 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in
713 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the
714 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and
718 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work
719 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer
720 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems
721 have been rectified around this date.
724 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as
725 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure
726 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8))
727 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make
728 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write)
729 permission for your name server configuration and that it
730 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and
733 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure
734 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying
739 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond
740 the ability of the shared library major number to handle.
741 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The
742 solution is to rebuild those ports.
745 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO
746 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO.
749 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected.
750 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is
751 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some
752 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events.
753 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts.
756 Softupdates problems have been corrected.
759 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always,
760 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional
761 kernel building methods.
764 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some
765 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your
766 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have
767 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet).
770 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not
771 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted
772 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file.
775 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing
776 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due
777 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To
778 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism
779 until this bug is fixed.
781 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config
782 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the
783 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not.
786 Locale names have changed to match other systems better.
789 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change
790 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by
791 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this.
792 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang.
794 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an
795 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what
798 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd
799 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before
800 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to
801 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags.
804 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this,
805 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only
806 a limited time. If you see
808 install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together
810 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using
814 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However,
815 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha
816 definitely is in bad shape.
819 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems
820 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see
821 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495
822 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message
824 Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty
827 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient.
830 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over
831 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if
832 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org.
835 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and
836 userland at the same time.
839 New ncurses imported.
842 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this
843 will be the only way to go starting July 1.
846 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different,
847 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no.
850 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT.
853 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT.
856 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to
857 go back in the water.
860 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after
861 this date, but before the correction date.
864 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed.
867 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations
868 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility.
869 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old
870 fsck with the new kernel ever.
873 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab.
874 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for
875 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary.
878 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your
879 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and
880 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work
881 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig.
884 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC
885 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have
886 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details.
889 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile
890 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus.
893 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode
897 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now.
898 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std.
899 ssh might not work if you don't.
902 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments,
903 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if
904 you use the ed driver.
907 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly
908 safe to go back into the water.
911 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If
912 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost
913 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned
914 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0
915 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time.
917 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following
918 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we
919 don't have to move this to the updating section.
921 To get around the installworld problem, do:
922 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed
926 If that doesn't work, then try:
927 # make -k installworld
931 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you
932 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result.
935 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated.
936 Remove them from your config.
939 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
940 buildkernel has been changed slightly
941 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
942 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You
943 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly.
946 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO.
947 This requires a new config to build correctly.
950 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the
951 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it
952 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations.
955 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync.
958 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in
959 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit.
962 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you
963 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core
964 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem
965 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the
966 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you
967 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that
968 might have been ignored by the -k option.
970 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your
971 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports
975 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The
976 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed
977 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this.
980 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver
981 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line
982 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys
983 cards will not be recognized without it.
986 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked
987 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires
988 adding the following in pam.conf:
990 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so
991 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass
992 sshd session required pam_permit.so
998 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure
999 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed
1000 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig,
1001 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one
1005 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1006 Sendmail has been updated.
1007 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1008 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary.
1009 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL
1011 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY
1013 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1).
1014 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed
1015 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf.
1016 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names
1018 More details can be found at
1019 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010
1022 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update
1023 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems.
1026 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses
1027 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete
1031 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout.
1032 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING
1033 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing
1034 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole
1035 tree for anything to work.
1038 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information.
1041 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken
1042 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the
1043 same time as your kernel.
1046 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to
1047 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time
1048 when they resume. Include
1050 in your config file and
1051 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa"
1052 to your /boot/device.hints file.
1055 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device,
1056 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have
1057 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your
1058 own kernel config file.
1063 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do
1067 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to
1068 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to
1069 reflect this if you load this module at boot time.
1070 The line should read:
1074 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it
1075 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely
1076 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make
1077 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at
1078 first blush appear related to SMP.
1081 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things,
1082 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See
1083 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network
1084 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you
1085 don't have one, and you have host.conf.
1088 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface
1089 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer
1090 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use
1091 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you
1092 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes.
1095 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is
1096 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location
1099 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time.
1100 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/
1101 installkernel/installworld dance.
1103 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory
1104 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale
1105 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct
1106 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures
1107 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update.
1109 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then
1110 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old
1111 chflags noschg /kernel.old
1112 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1113 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1117 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light.
1118 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will
1119 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than
1120 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the
1121 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and
1122 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail
1123 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email
1124 is not likely to be generated.
1127 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to
1128 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture
1129 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints
1130 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note,
1131 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and
1132 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot
1133 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the
1137 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and
1138 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to
1142 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but
1143 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use
1144 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true
1145 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this,
1146 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl
1147 will fix this until the next build.
1150 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more
1151 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration
1153 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README
1154 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users
1155 - MSA port (587) turned on by default
1156 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9
1157 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl')
1158 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured
1159 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial'
1160 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B
1161 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info
1164 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must
1165 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build.
1166 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and
1167 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a
1168 specific use for it.
1171 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading
1172 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to
1173 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup
1174 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course):
1175 # Enable network daemons for user convenience.
1177 portmap_enable="YES"
1178 sendmail_enable="YES"
1181 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you
1182 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES".
1185 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if
1186 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL'
1187 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel
1188 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have
1189 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL
1190 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel
1194 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get
1195 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check
1196 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read
1197 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt
1198 for details on potential problems that you might have and how
1201 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the
1202 clauses above, you needn't worry.
1205 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of
1206 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike
1207 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run
1208 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security.
1211 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard
1212 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options
1213 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that
1214 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do
1215 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently
1216 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange
1217 errors. (see below, 20000624).
1219 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto.
1222 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things
1223 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to
1224 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following:
1225 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf
1228 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This
1229 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6
1230 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly
1231 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will
1232 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the
1236 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done
1237 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at
1238 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for
1242 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to
1243 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th.
1246 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start
1247 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older
1248 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated.
1251 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree.
1252 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites,
1253 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org.
1256 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto
1257 system installed in order to build the system and kernel.
1258 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as
1259 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS
1260 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they
1261 were required. You should check with the latest collections
1262 to make sure that these haven't changed.
1265 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of
1266 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random.
1267 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD
1268 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services
1269 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress.
1270 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this
1271 date to the completion of the work.
1273 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add '
1274 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev
1275 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and
1276 recreate the random and urandom devices.
1279 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause
1280 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links
1281 that used to be required when updating.
1284 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on
1285 the config file update procedure.
1286 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html
1287 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES
1288 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file:
1289 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT
1292 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon
1293 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and
1294 that workaround will no longer be required.
1297 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the
1298 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update
1299 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd
1302 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a
1303 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern
1304 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases
1308 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail
1309 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will
1310 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive
1311 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format
1312 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or
1313 NEWCARD for examples of the new format.
1315 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry
1316 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism
1317 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards
1321 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody
1322 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need
1323 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a
1324 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel.
1326 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf
1327 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It
1328 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem
1332 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling.
1335 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected.
1336 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand
1337 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly.
1340 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info
1344 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and
1345 connected to the kernel building instead.
1348 You may need to build gperf
1349 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install
1350 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses
1351 an option only in -current.
1354 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more
1355 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to
1356 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem
1357 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but
1358 before you reboot, you'll need to issue:
1359 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig
1360 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine.
1363 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they
1364 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to
1365 cope if you have a problem combination is to add:
1366 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0
1367 to the start of /etc/rc.conf.
1370 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the
1371 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old
1372 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must
1373 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers
1374 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with
1375 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001.
1378 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party.
1379 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the
1380 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel
1381 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing.
1382 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules
1383 that you are loading are up to date.
1386 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you
1387 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0'
1388 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your
1389 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not
1393 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how
1394 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x.
1400 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1401 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1402 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1403 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1404 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1405 on the -current branch).
1407 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1408 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1409 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1410 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1411 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1412 page for more details.
1416 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1417 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
1418 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
1419 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1420 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1422 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1423 --------------------------------------------------------------
1424 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1425 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1426 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1428 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1429 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1430 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1435 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1437 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1438 -----------------------------------------------------------
1439 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1440 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1442 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1443 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1445 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1446 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1448 <reboot in single user> [3]
1449 /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1456 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1457 --------------------------------------------------
1458 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1459 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1460 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1463 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1466 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1467 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1468 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1469 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1470 cp /usr/src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \
1471 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed
1472 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1473 cd /usr/src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1474 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1475 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1476 <reboot into current>
1477 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1478 <maybe install compatibility libraries from /usr/src/lib/compat>
1482 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
1483 ----------------------------------------------
1484 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
1485 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x
1486 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
1487 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
1488 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
1489 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
1490 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
1493 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1494 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1496 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1497 cp src/sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
1498 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1499 cd src/sys/boot ; make install [6]
1501 <reboot in single user> [3]
1502 /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1504 rm -rf /usr/include/g++
1509 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1510 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1511 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1512 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1513 the UPDATING entries.
1515 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1516 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1517 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1518 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1519 much fewer pitfalls.
1521 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1522 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1525 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
1526 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
1529 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1534 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1535 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1536 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1537 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about
1538 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
1539 be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
1541 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1542 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1543 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1544 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1545 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1546 for potential gotchas.
1548 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1549 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1550 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1551 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1552 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1553 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1555 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
1556 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
1557 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
1559 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
1560 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
1563 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
1564 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386
1565 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the
1566 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break.
1567 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
1568 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a.
1570 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1571 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1572 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1573 that is hard to boot to recover.
1575 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1576 cvs prune empty directories.
1578 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
1579 initialized by feeding data into it. /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
1583 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1584 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1585 and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
1586 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1588 Copyright information:
1590 Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1592 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1593 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1594 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1596 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1597 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1598 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1599 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1600 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1601 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1602 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1603 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1604 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1605 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1606 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1608 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1611 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of