1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
16 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300512 after merging LinuxKPI, OFED,
17 net80211, and driver changes in order to support building
18 Intel wireless iwlwifi drivers. This is especially needed for
19 drm-kmod which needs updates after this.
22 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
23 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
24 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
25 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
26 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
27 to update your sources past the above hash and do
30 % sudo -E make install
31 to enable building kernels again.
34 Commit 8a04edfdcbd2 changes the default minor version
35 used for NFSv4 mounts to the highest minor version supported
36 by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using
37 the "minorversion" mount option.
38 The consensus of a discussion on freebsd-current@ indicated
39 that this would be acceptable to do and would not be considered
43 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
44 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
47 Commit ca179c4d74f2/632e3f2f3a66 changed the package in which
48 the OpenSSL libraries and utilities are packaged.
49 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
50 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
51 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
52 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
56 Commit 841006678745 changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
57 and nfsd modules. As such, they must both be rebuilt from
59 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1300510.
62 Commit 272f39942254 changed the internal KAPI between the
63 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
67 Commit 5a45802b3c8c changed the internal KAPI between
68 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
69 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
70 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
71 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
72 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
75 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
76 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
80 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
83 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
84 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
85 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
86 since it was bumped so recently.
89 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
90 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
91 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
92 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
95 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
96 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
97 requires a clean build.
100 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
101 instructions can be found at
102 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
103 and other documents in that repo.
106 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
107 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
108 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
109 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
112 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
113 may be installed from ports or packages.
116 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
117 See ping(8) for details.
120 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
121 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
122 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
124 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
125 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
126 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
127 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
128 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
131 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
132 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
133 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
134 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
135 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
139 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
140 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
141 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
142 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
144 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
145 command you want to un-auger the tree is
148 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
149 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
152 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
153 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
154 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
155 unless you want to use new features.
157 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
158 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
159 rebuilding world may fail.
161 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
162 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
164 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
165 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
166 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
167 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
170 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
171 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
172 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
173 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
176 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
177 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
181 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
182 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
185 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
186 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
187 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
188 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
191 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
192 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
193 from sources, so a version bump was done.
196 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
197 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
198 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
199 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
202 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
203 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
204 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
205 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
206 continue to function.
208 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
209 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
210 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
211 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
214 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
215 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
216 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
217 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
218 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
219 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
220 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
223 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
224 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
227 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
228 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
229 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
232 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
233 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
234 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
235 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
237 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
238 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
239 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
240 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
244 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
245 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
246 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
247 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
250 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
251 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
254 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
255 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
256 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
257 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
258 be functional without closefrom(2).
261 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
262 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
263 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
264 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
265 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
266 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
269 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
270 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
271 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
272 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
275 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
276 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
277 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
280 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
283 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
284 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
285 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
288 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
289 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
292 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
293 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
294 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
298 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
299 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
303 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
304 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
305 together with their new kernel.
308 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
309 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
310 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
312 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
313 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
316 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
320 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
321 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
322 external toolchain package.
325 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
326 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
327 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
328 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
329 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
332 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
333 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
334 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
335 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
338 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
339 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
340 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
344 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
347 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
348 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
349 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
350 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
353 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
354 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
355 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
358 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
359 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
360 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
361 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
362 differences between those included in the port and those included in
363 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
364 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
365 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
368 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
369 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
373 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
374 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
375 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
376 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
377 add superio to the set.
380 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
381 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
384 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
385 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
386 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
387 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
388 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
389 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
390 completely in the future.
393 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
394 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
395 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
396 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
397 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
398 will be removed from the list.
401 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
402 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
403 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
404 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
407 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
408 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
409 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
410 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
413 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
414 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
415 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
416 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
419 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
420 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
421 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
424 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
425 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
426 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
427 your scripts, because they had no effect.
429 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
430 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
431 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
432 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
433 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
436 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
437 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
438 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
439 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
440 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
441 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
442 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
445 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
446 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
447 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
448 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
451 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
452 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
453 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
454 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
457 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
458 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
459 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
462 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
463 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
464 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
465 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
466 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
467 avoid running into the limit.
470 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
471 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
474 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
475 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
476 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
477 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
478 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
479 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
482 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
483 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
486 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
487 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
488 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
489 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
490 availability properties.
492 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
493 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
494 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
495 initial condition, if desired.
497 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
498 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
500 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
501 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
502 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
503 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
506 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
507 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
508 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
509 therefore unblocked).
512 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
513 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
514 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
515 is added to the command line.
516 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
517 not affected and should continue to work.
520 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
521 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
522 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
523 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
526 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
527 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
528 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
532 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
533 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
537 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
538 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
539 migrating to the drm ports.
542 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
543 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
544 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
545 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
546 is loaded automatically.
549 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
550 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
551 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
555 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
556 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
557 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
558 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
561 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
562 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
563 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
564 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
565 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
569 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
570 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
571 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
573 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
574 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
576 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
577 removed from the mips port.
580 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
581 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
582 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
586 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
587 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
590 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
591 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
592 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
593 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
596 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
597 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
598 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
601 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
602 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
603 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
607 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
608 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
609 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
611 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
612 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
613 being included using the command:
617 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
618 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
621 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
622 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
623 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
624 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
625 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
626 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
627 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
628 that as you will get better support.
630 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
631 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
632 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
633 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
635 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
636 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
637 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
638 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
642 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
643 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
644 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
645 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
646 be adjusted as necessary.
649 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
650 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
651 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
652 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
655 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
656 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
657 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
658 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
662 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
663 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
664 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
665 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
669 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
670 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
671 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
672 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
673 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
674 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
677 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
678 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
679 default since FreeBSD-11.
682 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
683 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
684 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
687 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
688 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
689 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
690 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
691 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
692 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
693 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
695 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
696 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
699 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
700 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
701 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
702 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
703 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
704 may not be observed in a future release.
707 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
708 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
712 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
713 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
714 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
715 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
718 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
719 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
720 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
721 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
725 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
726 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
727 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
730 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
731 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
732 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
733 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
734 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
737 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
738 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
739 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
740 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
741 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
742 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
745 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
746 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
747 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
751 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
752 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
753 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
756 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
757 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
758 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
759 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
760 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
761 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
762 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
763 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
764 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
765 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
769 Big endian arm support has been removed.
772 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
773 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
774 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
775 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
776 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
779 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
780 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
781 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
782 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
783 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
784 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
787 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
788 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
791 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
792 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
793 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
794 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
795 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
796 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
797 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
800 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
801 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
802 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
806 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
807 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
808 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
812 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
813 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
816 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
817 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
821 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
822 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
823 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
824 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
827 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
828 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
829 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
833 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
834 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
835 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
839 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
840 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
841 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
842 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
843 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
844 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
847 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
848 workaround is necessary.
851 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
852 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
853 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
854 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
857 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
858 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
859 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
860 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
861 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
864 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
865 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
866 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
867 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
870 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
871 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
872 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
876 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
877 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
881 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
882 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
886 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
887 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
888 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
889 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
890 microseconds and time zone offsets.
892 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
893 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
894 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
895 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
896 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
897 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
898 adjustments, depending on the software used.
900 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
901 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
904 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
907 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
908 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
909 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
911 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
913 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
914 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
915 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
916 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
917 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
918 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
919 thus expected to continue to function as before.
921 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
925 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
926 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
927 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
930 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
931 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
932 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
933 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
934 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
935 should be as simple as:
937 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
938 $ make depend all install
941 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
942 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
943 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
944 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
945 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
946 provisions for backup boot methods.
949 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
950 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
951 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
955 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
956 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
957 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
961 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
962 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
963 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
965 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
966 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
969 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
970 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
971 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
972 remove it from kernel config files.
975 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
976 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
977 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
979 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
980 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
983 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
984 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
985 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
986 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
989 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
990 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
993 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
994 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
995 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
996 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
999 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1000 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1001 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1002 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1003 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1004 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1007 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1008 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1009 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1012 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1013 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1014 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1015 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1016 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1019 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1020 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1021 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1022 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1023 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1027 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1028 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1029 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1030 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1031 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1032 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1033 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1034 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1035 than hardcoding paths.
1038 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1039 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1040 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1043 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1044 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1045 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1046 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1049 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1050 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1053 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1054 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1055 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1056 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1059 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1060 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1061 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1062 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1063 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1066 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1067 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1068 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1069 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1073 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1074 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1075 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1076 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1077 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1080 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1081 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1084 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1085 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1089 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1090 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1094 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1095 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1096 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1097 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1099 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1100 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1101 sandbox if successful.
1103 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1104 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1105 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1106 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1107 an unprivileged user.
1110 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1111 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1112 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1113 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1114 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1115 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1116 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1117 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1118 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1119 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1120 to which you should answer yes.
1123 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1124 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1125 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1126 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1127 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1130 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1131 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1132 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1135 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1136 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1139 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1140 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1141 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1142 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1143 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1144 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1145 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1148 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1149 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1150 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1151 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1152 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1153 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1156 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1157 if you require the GPL compiler.
1160 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1161 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1162 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1165 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1166 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1167 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1171 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1172 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1173 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1174 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1175 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1176 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1179 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1180 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1181 which only require one chipset support.
1183 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1187 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1188 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1189 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1191 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1192 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1195 * load the chip modules in question
1196 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1198 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1199 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1201 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1204 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1205 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1206 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1208 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1209 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1210 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1212 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1213 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1214 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1215 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1216 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1217 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1218 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1219 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1222 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1223 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1224 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1227 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1228 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1229 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1232 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1233 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1234 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1235 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1236 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1237 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1238 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1241 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1242 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1243 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1244 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1247 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1248 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1249 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1252 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1253 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1254 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1257 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1258 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1260 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1261 via one of the following methods:
1262 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1263 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1264 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1265 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1267 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1270 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1271 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1272 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1273 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1277 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1278 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1279 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1280 be prefixed with colon.
1283 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1284 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1285 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1288 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1289 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1290 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1293 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1294 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1295 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1299 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1303 MCA bus support has been removed.
1306 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1307 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1310 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1311 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1314 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1315 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1316 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1320 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1321 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1322 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1325 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1326 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1327 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1330 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1331 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1332 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1335 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1336 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1337 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1338 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1341 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1342 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1344 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1345 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1348 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1349 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1350 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1354 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1355 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1356 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1359 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1360 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1363 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1364 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1365 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1366 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1369 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1370 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1371 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1372 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1373 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1376 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1379 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1380 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1381 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1382 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1385 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1386 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1387 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1391 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1392 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1393 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1394 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1395 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1399 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1400 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1403 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1406 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1407 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1408 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1409 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1410 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1411 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1415 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1416 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1417 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1418 previously contained a line like
1419 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1420 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1421 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1425 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1426 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1427 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1428 built with the old headers.
1431 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1432 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1433 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1434 installing a new libc.
1437 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1438 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1439 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1440 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1441 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1442 packages will be needed.
1444 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1445 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1446 and the install steps.
1449 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1450 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1451 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1452 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1453 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1454 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1457 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1458 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1459 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1460 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1461 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1463 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1464 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1465 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1466 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1467 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1469 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1470 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1471 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1472 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1473 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1474 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1477 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1478 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1479 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1480 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1481 quirks entry to 0x3.
1484 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1485 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1486 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1489 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1490 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1493 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1494 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1495 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1496 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1497 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1498 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1499 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1500 stale .depend files.
1503 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1504 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1505 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1509 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1510 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1511 make -C sys/boot install
1512 <reboot in single user>
1514 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1518 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1519 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1520 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1523 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1524 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1525 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1526 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1527 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1528 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1531 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1532 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1533 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1534 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1535 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1538 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1539 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1540 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1541 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1542 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1545 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1546 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1549 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1550 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1551 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1554 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1555 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1556 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1560 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1561 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1562 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1563 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1564 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1565 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1568 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1569 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1570 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1571 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1575 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1576 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1577 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1580 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1581 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1582 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1584 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1585 collation results will be different.
1587 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1588 locales before running make installworld.
1590 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1593 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1594 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1597 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1598 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1599 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1602 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1603 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1604 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1605 and 'make -N' will not.
1608 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1609 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1610 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1611 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1612 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1613 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1614 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1615 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1618 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1619 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1620 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1621 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1624 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1625 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1626 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1629 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1630 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1631 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1632 userland debug files.
1634 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1635 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1636 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1638 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1639 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1642 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1643 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1644 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1645 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1646 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1647 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1650 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1651 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1652 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1655 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1656 them, the kernel must have
1659 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1661 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1662 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1663 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1664 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1666 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1667 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1670 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1671 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1672 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1675 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1676 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1677 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1678 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1680 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1681 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1682 difference with this change.
1684 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1685 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1686 remove that workaround.
1689 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1690 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1691 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1694 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1697 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1698 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1699 loader.rc.local instead.
1702 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1703 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1704 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1707 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1708 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1709 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1711 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1712 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1715 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1716 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1717 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1718 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1719 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1720 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1721 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1722 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1723 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1724 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1725 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1726 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1729 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1730 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1732 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1733 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1734 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1736 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1737 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1739 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1740 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1741 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1743 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1744 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1745 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1746 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1748 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1749 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1750 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1751 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1753 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1754 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1755 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1756 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1757 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1758 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1759 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1760 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1764 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1765 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1768 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1769 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1772 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1773 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1774 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1775 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1776 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1779 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1780 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1781 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1782 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1785 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1786 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1787 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1788 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1789 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1790 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1791 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1793 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1794 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1795 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1796 replace it with '2'.
1797 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1798 a file path, create a new file with:
1799 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1800 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1801 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1802 5. Restart sendmail:
1803 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1805 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1809 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1810 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1811 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1812 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1815 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1818 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1819 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1820 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1823 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1824 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1827 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1828 same but content is different now
1829 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1830 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1831 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1832 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1833 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1836 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1837 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1838 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1841 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1842 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1845 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1846 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1849 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1850 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1851 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1854 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1855 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1856 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1857 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1860 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1861 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1862 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1865 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1866 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1867 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1868 kernel before rebooting.
1871 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1872 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1873 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1874 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1875 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1876 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1879 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1880 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1881 with the new kernel.
1884 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1885 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1886 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1889 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1890 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1891 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1892 are not already using 3.5.0.
1895 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1896 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1897 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1898 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1899 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1902 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1903 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1904 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1905 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1908 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1909 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1912 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1914 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1915 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1916 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1917 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1918 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1919 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1922 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1923 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1926 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1927 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1928 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1929 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1931 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1932 the instructions for 9.x above.
1934 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1935 default, and do not build clang.
1937 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1938 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1939 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1941 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1942 the following are most likely to appear:
1946 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1947 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1948 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1949 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1950 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1951 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1952 cast, or disable the warning.
1954 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1955 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1956 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1957 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1960 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1961 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1963 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1964 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1965 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1966 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1968 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1969 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1970 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1971 unreachable could be optimized away.
1974 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1975 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1976 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1977 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1978 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1979 the utilities will report errors.
1982 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1983 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1984 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1985 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1986 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1990 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1991 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1994 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1995 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1996 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1999 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2000 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2001 indicate what you need to do.
2003 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2004 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2005 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2007 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2008 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2012 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2013 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2017 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2018 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2022 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2026 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2027 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2028 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2029 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2030 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2031 their next update cycle.
2034 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2035 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2036 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2037 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2041 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2042 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2045 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2046 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2047 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2048 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2049 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2053 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2054 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2056 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2059 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2060 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2061 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2062 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2066 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2067 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2071 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2072 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2073 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2074 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2075 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2078 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2079 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2080 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2083 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2084 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2085 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2088 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2089 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2090 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2091 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2092 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2093 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2094 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2095 "make installworld".
2097 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2098 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2099 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2102 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2103 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2104 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2105 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2106 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2109 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2112 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2113 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2117 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2118 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2119 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2120 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2121 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2122 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2123 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2124 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2125 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2126 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2127 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2128 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2130 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2131 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2132 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2136 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2137 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2140 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2141 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2142 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2143 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2144 build hosts for older releases.
2146 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2147 r276991, respectively.
2150 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2151 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2152 will silently lack HESIOD.
2155 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2156 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2157 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2158 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2159 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2160 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2161 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2162 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2163 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2164 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2165 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2166 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2169 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2170 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2171 with command line option -W.
2174 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2175 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2176 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2177 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2178 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2181 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2184 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2185 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2188 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2189 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2190 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2191 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2192 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2195 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2196 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2197 kernel is still highly recommended.
2200 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2201 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2202 capability mode support in kernel.
2205 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2206 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2207 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2208 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2209 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2212 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2213 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2214 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2215 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2216 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2217 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2220 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2221 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2222 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2223 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2224 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2225 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2226 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2227 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2228 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2231 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2232 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2233 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2234 should change your settings to use the latter.
2237 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2238 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2239 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2240 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2241 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2244 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2245 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2246 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2248 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2250 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2253 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2260 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2261 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2262 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2263 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2264 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2265 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2266 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2267 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2269 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2270 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2271 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2272 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2273 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2274 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2275 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2276 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2279 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2280 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2281 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2282 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2285 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2286 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2287 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2288 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2290 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2291 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2292 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2293 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2294 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2295 should write them with this in mind.
2299 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2302 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2303 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2305 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2307 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2308 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2309 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2310 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2313 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2317 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2318 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2319 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2321 make kernel-toolchain
2322 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2323 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2325 To test a kernel once
2326 ---------------------
2327 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2328 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2329 debugging information) run
2330 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2331 nextboot -k testkernel
2333 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2334 -----------------------------------------------------------
2335 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2336 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2338 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2340 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2341 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2343 <reboot in single user> [3]
2350 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2351 --------------------------------------------------
2352 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2353 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2354 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2357 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2360 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2361 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2362 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2363 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2364 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2365 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2366 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2367 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2368 <reboot into current>
2369 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2370 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2374 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2375 ----------------------------------------------
2376 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2378 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2379 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2381 <reboot in single user> [3]
2388 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2389 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2390 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2391 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2392 the UPDATING entries.
2394 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2395 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2396 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2397 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2398 much fewer pitfalls.
2400 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2401 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2402 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2403 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2404 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2405 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2406 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2407 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2409 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2411 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2415 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2416 cd src # full path to source
2417 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2418 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2419 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2421 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2422 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2423 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2424 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2425 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2426 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2427 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2429 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2430 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2431 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2432 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2433 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2434 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2436 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2437 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2438 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2440 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2441 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2442 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2443 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2444 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2445 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2446 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2447 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2449 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2450 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2451 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2454 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2455 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2456 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2458 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2459 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2460 warn if it is improperly defined.
2463 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2464 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2465 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2466 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2467 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2469 Copyright information:
2471 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2473 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2474 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2475 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2477 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2478 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2479 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2480 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2481 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2482 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2483 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2484 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2485 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2486 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2487 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2489 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of