1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
27 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install a newly /etc/localtime.
30 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
31 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
34 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
35 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
36 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
37 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
38 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
39 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
42 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
43 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
44 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
45 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
46 correctly checking networking state from userland.
47 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
50 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
51 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
52 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
53 follows the IPv4 implementation.
55 For kernel developers:
57 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
58 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
59 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
61 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
62 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
63 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
64 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
66 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
67 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
68 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
69 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
70 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
71 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
72 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
73 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
74 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
75 multicast membership on-link.
76 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
77 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
78 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
80 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
81 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
83 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
84 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
87 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
88 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
89 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
90 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
92 For application developers:
94 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
97 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
98 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
100 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
101 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
102 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
103 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
105 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
106 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
107 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
108 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
109 Multicast Source Filters'.
111 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
113 For systems administrators:
115 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
116 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
117 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
118 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
119 returned by getifaddrs(3).
121 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
122 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
124 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
125 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
126 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
127 recommended for optimal system performance.
129 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
130 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
131 back forwarded datagrams.
133 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
136 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
137 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
140 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
141 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
142 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
143 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
146 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
147 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
148 state will require a world rebuild.
149 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
152 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
153 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
154 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
157 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
158 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
159 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
160 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
162 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
165 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
166 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
167 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
168 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
169 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
170 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
171 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
172 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
175 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
176 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
177 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
180 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
181 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
182 introduces some changes:
184 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
185 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
186 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
188 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
189 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
190 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
191 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
193 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
194 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
195 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
198 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
201 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
202 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
206 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
207 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
208 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
209 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
210 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
213 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
214 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
215 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
216 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
220 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
221 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
222 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
223 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
226 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
227 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
230 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
231 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
233 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
234 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
235 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
237 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
238 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
239 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
240 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
241 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
242 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
243 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
244 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
246 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
247 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
248 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
249 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
250 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
251 to preserve the existing behaviour.
253 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
254 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
255 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
256 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
257 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
259 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
260 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
261 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
264 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
265 recompiled to reflect this.
266 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
269 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
270 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
271 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
272 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
273 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
274 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
277 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
278 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
279 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
280 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
281 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely
282 raised to allow such segments to be created.
285 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
286 network device driver modules.
289 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
290 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
293 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
294 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
295 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
296 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
297 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
301 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
302 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
303 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
307 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
308 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
310 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
311 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
312 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
315 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
316 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
317 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
318 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
319 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
320 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
322 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
323 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
325 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
326 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
329 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
330 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
331 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
332 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
336 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
337 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
340 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
341 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
342 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
343 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
344 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
345 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
348 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
349 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
350 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
351 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
354 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
355 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
356 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
357 in next mpd5.3 release.
360 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
361 the base system (it was a port).
364 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
365 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
368 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
369 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
370 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
371 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
372 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
373 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
374 none of the L2 information.
377 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
378 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
380 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
382 to their kernel config files when specifying:
386 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
387 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
388 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
389 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
392 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
393 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
394 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
395 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
396 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
400 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
401 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
402 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
403 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
406 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
409 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
410 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
411 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
412 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
413 controller add the following to loader.conf:
419 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
420 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
424 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
425 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
426 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
427 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
428 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
431 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
437 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
439 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
440 cause compilation to fail.
443 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
446 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
448 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
449 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
450 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
451 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
452 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
453 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
454 accepting the RSA key.
456 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
457 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
460 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
461 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
462 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
466 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
467 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
468 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
470 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
471 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
472 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
473 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
474 use the new device names.
476 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
477 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
478 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
479 at the loader prompt:
481 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
482 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
483 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
484 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
488 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
492 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
493 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
494 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
495 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
498 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
499 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
502 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
503 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
504 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
505 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
506 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
509 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
510 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
511 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
512 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
514 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
517 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
518 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
519 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
520 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
522 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
523 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
524 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
527 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
528 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
529 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
530 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
531 other operation levels.
534 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
535 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
536 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
537 compatibility with any prior release:
539 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
540 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
541 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
544 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
545 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
546 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
547 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
548 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
552 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
553 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
554 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
555 with older hardware easier to do.
558 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
559 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
562 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
563 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
564 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
568 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
572 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
573 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
574 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
575 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
576 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
577 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
578 third-party software might fail to build after this change
579 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
580 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
581 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
582 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
583 case that a portable fix is impossible.
586 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
587 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
588 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
591 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
592 functionality is the default now.
595 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
596 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
597 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
598 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
599 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
601 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
602 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
603 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
606 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
607 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
608 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
609 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
610 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
611 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
612 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
613 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
614 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
615 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
619 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
620 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
622 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
623 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
624 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
630 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
631 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
634 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
635 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
636 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
637 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
638 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
641 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
642 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
643 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
644 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
648 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
649 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
650 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
653 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
654 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
655 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
658 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
659 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
660 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
661 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
662 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
665 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
666 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
667 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
668 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
669 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
670 will change after some settling time.
673 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
674 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
678 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
679 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
683 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
684 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
685 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
686 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
689 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
690 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
691 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
692 the IPv4 network stack.
694 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
695 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
696 has now been removed.
698 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
699 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
700 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
701 updated to reflect this.
703 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
704 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
708 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
709 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
710 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
711 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
712 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
713 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
714 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
715 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
716 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
717 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
721 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
722 function and starts providing an account management function.
723 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
724 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
725 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
727 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
729 and change it according to this example:
731 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
733 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
734 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
735 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
736 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
739 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
740 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
741 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
742 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
745 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
746 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
747 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
748 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
749 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
750 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
754 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
755 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
756 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
757 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
758 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
759 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
760 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
762 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
763 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
764 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
767 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
768 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
769 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
770 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
773 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
774 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
777 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
778 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
779 base operating system should be recompiled.
782 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
783 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
784 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
785 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
786 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
789 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
790 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
791 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
792 deprecated in previous releases.
793 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
794 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
797 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
798 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
799 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
801 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
804 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
805 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
806 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
807 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
810 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
811 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
812 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
813 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
814 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
815 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
816 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
817 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
818 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
821 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
822 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
823 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
824 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
828 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
829 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
830 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
832 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
833 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
834 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
837 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
838 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
839 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
840 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
841 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
845 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
846 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
847 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
848 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
849 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
852 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
853 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
854 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
855 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
858 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
859 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
860 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
861 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
865 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
866 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
867 with exceptions of followings:
868 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
869 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
870 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
871 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
872 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
873 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
874 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
875 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
878 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
879 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
880 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
881 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
882 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
883 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
885 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
887 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
888 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
889 the array the same way you built it originally.
892 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
893 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
894 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
895 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
896 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
897 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
898 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
901 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
902 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
903 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
904 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
905 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
908 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
909 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
910 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
911 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
912 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
915 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
916 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
917 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
918 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
919 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
920 added to 'struct proc'.
923 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
926 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
927 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
928 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
929 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
930 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
933 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
936 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
937 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
938 systat needs to be rebuilt.
941 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
944 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
945 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
946 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
949 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
950 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
951 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
952 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
953 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
956 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
957 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
958 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
959 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
962 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
963 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
967 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
968 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
969 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
970 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
971 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
974 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
975 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
976 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
977 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
978 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
979 `make installworld' with:
981 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
983 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
984 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
985 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
986 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
989 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
990 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
991 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
992 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
996 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
997 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
998 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
999 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1000 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1001 implements the interface to support it.
1004 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1005 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1006 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1007 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1011 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1012 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1013 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1014 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1015 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1016 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1017 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1018 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1019 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1021 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1024 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1025 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1028 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1029 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1030 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1031 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1035 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1036 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1037 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1040 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1041 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1044 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1045 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1046 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1047 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1048 on your next install.
1049 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1050 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1051 to your /etc/make.conf.
1054 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1055 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1056 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1059 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1060 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1061 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1064 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1065 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1068 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1069 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1070 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1071 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1074 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1075 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1076 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1079 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1080 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1081 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1085 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1086 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1087 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1088 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1089 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1090 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1091 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1092 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1095 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1096 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1097 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1100 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1101 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1104 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1105 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1108 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1109 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1110 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1113 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1114 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1115 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1116 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1117 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1118 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1122 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1123 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1126 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1127 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1130 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1131 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1132 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1133 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1137 RELENG_6 branched here.
1140 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1141 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1142 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1143 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1144 removable_interfaces.
1147 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1148 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1149 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1150 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1151 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1152 affect existing configurations.
1155 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1156 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1157 updated to the new APIs.
1160 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1161 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1162 will not behave correctly.
1164 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1165 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1166 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1169 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1170 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1171 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1172 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1173 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1175 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1176 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1180 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1181 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1184 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1185 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1186 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1187 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1188 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1189 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1190 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1193 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1194 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1195 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1196 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1199 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1200 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1201 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1204 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1205 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1206 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1210 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1211 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1212 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1213 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1216 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1217 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1218 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1219 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1220 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1221 none at this point.)
1224 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1225 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1228 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1229 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1230 with the new kernel.
1233 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1234 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1235 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1238 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1239 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1240 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1241 if you have updated the kernel.
1243 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1244 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1245 mounting the new volume.
1248 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1249 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1250 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1251 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1254 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1255 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1258 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1259 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1260 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1261 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1262 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1263 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1266 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1267 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1268 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1269 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1270 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1273 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1274 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1275 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1276 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1277 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1278 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1279 and wlan_xauth as required.
1282 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1283 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1284 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1285 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1289 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1290 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1291 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1292 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1293 the module when a wep key is configured).
1296 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1297 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1298 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1301 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1302 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1305 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1306 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1307 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1308 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1309 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1310 their /etc/rc scripts.
1313 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1316 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1317 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1318 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1321 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1322 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1323 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1326 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1327 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1333 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1334 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1335 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1336 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1337 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1338 on the -current branch).
1340 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1341 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1342 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1343 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1344 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1345 page for more details.
1347 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1348 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1349 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1350 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1351 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1356 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1357 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1358 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1360 make kernel-toolchain
1361 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1362 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1364 To test a kernel once
1365 ---------------------
1366 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1367 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1368 debugging information) run
1369 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1370 nextboot -k testkernel
1372 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1373 --------------------------------------------------------------
1374 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1375 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1376 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1378 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1379 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1380 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1385 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1387 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1388 -----------------------------------------------------------
1389 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1390 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1392 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1394 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1396 <reboot in single user> [3]
1404 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1405 --------------------------------------------------
1406 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1407 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1408 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1411 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1414 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1415 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1416 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1417 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1418 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1419 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1420 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1421 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1422 <reboot into current>
1423 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1424 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1428 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1429 ----------------------------------------------
1430 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1432 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1434 <reboot in single user> [3]
1441 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1442 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1443 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1444 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1445 the UPDATING entries.
1447 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1448 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1449 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1450 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1451 much fewer pitfalls.
1453 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1454 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1457 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1462 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1463 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1464 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1466 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1467 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1468 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1469 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1470 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1471 for potential gotchas.
1473 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1474 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1475 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1476 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1477 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1478 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1480 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1481 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1482 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1483 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1484 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1486 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1487 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1489 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1490 cvs prune empty directories.
1492 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1493 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1494 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1496 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1497 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1498 warn if it is improperly defined.
1501 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1502 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1503 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1504 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1506 Copyright information:
1508 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1510 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1511 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1512 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1514 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1515 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1516 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1517 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1518 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1519 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1520 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1521 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1522 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1523 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1524 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1526 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1529 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of