1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
9 portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes).
11 [[ The UPDATING file will be trimmed to 20040814 on or about Oct 1, 2004 ]]
13 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW:
14 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in
15 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
16 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
17 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
18 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
19 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
20 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
21 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
22 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
23 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
24 to maximize performance.
27 The FreeBSD keyword is no longer a requirement for a valid
28 rc.d script. The rc(8) and rc.shutdown(8) scripts no longer check
29 for the existence of this keyword when ordering rc.d scripts.
30 This change touches most of the file in /etc/rc.d; therefore,
31 if you have not modified any files in that directory it may
32 be easier to rm -rf /etc/rc.d and then use the -i switch with
36 One of the syscalls the 1:1 threading library libthr uses has
37 changed, thus breaking ABI compatibility. Make sure you rebuild
38 this library with the kernel.
41 The following libraries had their version number bumped up:
42 /lib/libm.so.2 -> libm.so.3
43 /lib/libreadline.so.4 -> libreadline.so.5
44 /usr/lib/libhistory.so.4 -> libhistory.so.5
45 /usr/lib/libopie.so.2 -> libopie.so.3
46 /usr/lib/libpcap.so.2 -> libpcap.so.3
47 FreeBSD 4.10 versions of these libraries will be added to the
48 compat4x collection. If you expect to be able to run old 4.X
49 executables you will need to remove the old versions of these
50 libraries. However note that any 5.X executables you have built
51 will stop working once you remove those old libraries. You should
52 have all your ports/packages rebuilt before removing the old
56 The pfil API has gained an additional argument to pass an inpcb.
57 You should rebuild all pfil consuming modules: ipfw, ipfilter
61 If named is enabled, the default is now to run it in a chroot
62 "sandbox." For users with existing configurations in
63 /etc/namedb the migration should be simple. Upgrade your
64 world as usual, then after installworld but before
65 mergemaster do the following:
67 If named is running: /etc/rc.d/named stop
70 mkdir -p /var/named/etc/namedb
71 cp -Rp namedb.bak/* /var/named/etc/namedb/
72 mergemaster (with your usual options)
73 If using the generated localhost* files:
74 cd /var/named/etc/namedb
75 /bin/sh make-localhost
76 rm -f localhost-v6.rev localhost.rev
77 /etc/rc.d/syslogd restart
80 If you are using a custom configuration, or if you have
81 customised the named_* variables in /etc/rc.conf[.local]
82 then you may have to adjust the instructions accordingly.
83 It is suggested that you carefully examine the new named
84 variables in /etc/defaults/rc.conf and the options in
85 /var/named/etc/namedb/named.conf to see if they might
89 BIND 9 has been imported into the base, and is now fully
90 functional. BIND 8 has now been removed. There are numerous
91 differences between BIND 8 and 9, and users with critical
92 named installations should read the migration documentation
93 in /usr/share/doc/bind9/misc/migration. There is also a
94 new instruction manual in /usr/share/doc/bind9/arm.
96 The key differences that most users will experience are in
97 how picky BIND 9 is about zone file format. If you are using
98 named as a resolving (caching) name server, you will likely
101 The following files are part of the old BIND 8 installation
102 and should be removed:
103 /usr/bin/dnskeygen /usr/bin/dnsquery /usr/libexec/named-xfer
104 /usr/sbin/named.restart /usr/sbin/ndc
106 The following files have moved to /usr/bin, and should be
107 removed from their old locations:
108 /usr/sbin/nslookup /usr/sbin/nsupdate
111 The format of the pflogd(8) logfile "/var/log/pflog" has changed for
112 architectures that have a 64 bit long type to make it compatible to
113 the standard pcap format. In order to prevent corruption move away
114 any old logfile before using a new pflogd(8).
117 debug.witness_* has been renamed to debug.witness.*. There are
118 compatibility tunables left in for a few days. Update loader.conf
122 The ifi_epoch change has been reverted because the ABI breakage
123 was too extensive. If you are running with a kernel/userland
124 containing the initial change (20040830), you should heed the
125 warning about ifconfig incompatibility when upgrading again.
126 With this change, 5.3 and 6.0 ifconfigs and kernels are once
130 A new variable, ifi_epoch, has been added to struct if_data
131 which is part if struct ifnet. This means all network drivers
132 and network monitoring applications need to be recompiled.
134 WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING
136 This also breaks ifconfig compatibility. An old ifconfig will
137 not work with the new kernel and a new ifconfig will not work
138 with the old. It is strongly recommended that you make a copy
139 of your old ifconfig before installworld. If you are installing
140 remotely, you must copy over a new ifconfig before rebooting in
144 The default configuration for the network stack has been changed
145 such that it now runs without the Giant lock unless configured
146 otherwise. If you experience network-related instability, you
147 may wish to try setting "debug.mpsafenet=0" or compiling the
148 kernel with "options NET_WITH_GIANT". Details on the netperf
149 project may be found at:
151 http://www.watson.org/~robert/freebsd/netperf/
153 Including the 20040828 announcement of configuration change
157 PFIL_HOOKS are a fixed part of the network stack now and do not
158 need to be specified in the kernel configuration file anymore.
161 Netgraph changed its message format slightly to align the data
162 portion well on 64 bit machines.
163 Netgraph using utilities (e.g. ngctl, nghook, ppp, mpd,
164 pppoed, bluetooth, ATM) should be recompiled when a new kernel
168 IPFW has been converted to use PFIL_HOOKS. This change is
169 transparent to userland and preserves the ipfw ABI. The ipfw
170 core packet inspection and filtering functions have not been
171 changed, only how ipfw is invoked is different. Note that
172 "option PFIL_HOOKS" is required to use IPFIREWALL compiled
173 into the kernel or as KLD.
176 The RANDOM_IP_ID option has been replaced by the sysctl
177 net.inet.ip.random_id. If you had RANDOM_IP_ID in your kernel then
178 you may want to add "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" to /etc/sysctl.conf.
181 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of the
182 if_carp placeholder. All kernel modules implementing network
183 interfaces must be recompiled as a result.
186 Module loading has been fixed. Some older installations will
187 drop proper module_path initialization and modules will fail to
188 load properly. If you have a line in /boot/loader.rc that says:
189 "initialize drop", do (i386 only):
190 cp /usr/src/sys/boot/i386/loader/loader.rc /boot/loader.rc
191 chown root:wheel /boot/loader.rc
192 chmod 444 /boot/loader.rc
195 making /dev/(null|zero) into a module proved to be too unpopular,
196 so this bit has been revoked from the previous (20040801) entry.
199 The /dev/mem, /dev/io /dev/(null/zero) devices are now modules,
200 so you may wish to add them to your kernel config file. See
201 GENERIC for examples.
204 System compiler has been upgraded to GCC 3.4.2-pre. As with any major
205 compiler upgrade, there are several issues to be aware of. GCC 3.4.x
206 has broken C++ ABI compatibility with previous releases yet again
207 and users will have to rebuild all their C++ programs with the new
208 compiler. If you are getting run-time error such as
209 /libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Undefined symbol "_ZNSs20_S_empty_rep_storageE"
210 This entry does apply to you.
212 A new unit-at-a-time optimization mode, which is default in this
213 compiler release, is more aggressive in removing unused static
214 symbols. This is the likely cause of 'make buildworld' breakages
215 with non-default CFLAGS where optimization level is set to -O2
218 With the upgrade of the system compiler, the kernel has been upgraded
219 to match the new system compiler. This makes it impossible to build
220 a new kernel with the old compiler. Upgrade your system via
221 make buildworld and make kernel (see below) to fix this problem.
224 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of
225 the IFF_NEEDSGIANT flag (and what it implies). All kernel
226 modules implementing network interfaces must be recompiled as
230 The sound device drivers are renamed. `sound' is always required,
231 while `snd_*' should be configured accordingly to your hardware.
232 Refer to NOTES for the detail of the drivers.
235 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 502122.
238 The console initialization on Alpha has been reworked and is now
239 identical to other platforms. This means that the hardcoding of
240 the serial console and the debug port has been removed. As such,
241 hints are now required for the sio(4) driver to become a console
242 or debug port. The NO_SIO option has been decommissioned because
246 A revamp of the debugging code in the kernel with some visible
247 changes beyond just the debugging experience:
248 o The DDB option is now specific to the DDB debugger backend
249 and should not be used any more for conditional compilation
250 of debugging code for when debugging is enabled. Use the KDB
252 o The WITNESS_DDB, DDB_TRACE and DDB_UNATTENDED options have
253 been renamed to WITNESS_KDB, KDB_TRACE and KDB_UNATTENDED
254 respectively. This is in line with the first bullet.
255 o The remote GDB support has been untangled from DDB and needs
256 to be enabled separately now. Use the GDB option for this.
257 o The GDB_REMOTE_CHAT option has been removed. Support for this
258 homegrown feature is discontinued. The GDB remote protocol
259 supports console output and it makes sense to use that.
260 o The DDB_NOKLDSYM option has been removed. The DDB debugger
261 now supports both direct symbol table lookups as well as KLD
262 symbol lookups through the linker.
265 Bluetooth code has been marked as non-i386 specific.
266 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 502121 to mark this change.
269 The native preemption has been added to the kernel scheduler.
270 There is some report that the ULE scheduler was broken in some
271 machines and we encourage users using the ULE scheduler either
272 stick with a known good kernel, or temporarily switch to the 4BSD
273 scheduler as a workaround.
276 The netgraph ABI version number has been incremented to indicate
277 an incompatible change in the ABI. Old netgraph nodes will refuse
278 to attach until recompiled. Netgraph now uses mbuf tags to move
279 metadata and this commit removes its home-grown metadata facility.
280 Nodes should just recompile, unless they use metadata, in which
281 case the changes are simple; the file ng_ksocket.c serves as an
282 example of such changes.
284 This also broke i4b, although the compile problem has been papered
288 ACPI has been updated to disable known-bad BIOS revisions. A message
289 will be printed on the console indicating that ACPI has been disabled
290 automatically and that the user should use a newer BIOS, if possible.
291 If you think ACPI does work on your system and want to override
292 this (i.e., for testing), set hint.acpi.0.disabled="0" at the
296 pf was updated to OpenBSD-stable 3.5 and pflogd(8) is privilege
297 separated now. It uses the newly created "_pflogd" user/group
298 combination. If you plan to use pflogd(8) make sure to run
299 mergemaster -p or install the "_pflogd" user and group manually.
302 Network interface cloning has been overhauled. This change will
303 require a recompile of modules using cloning and modification of
304 external ones to the new API. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
305 to 502119 to mark this change. Additionally, users creating
306 stf(4) interfaces via "ifconfig stf" will need to update their
307 scripts as this will create an interface named "stf" instead of
308 "stf0" and ifconfig will not print "stf0" to stdout.
311 On 20040524, the /etc/rc.d/nsswitch script was modified to
312 automatically create /etc/nsswitch.conf on startup if it did
313 not already exist. Unfortunately, an error in the man page
314 was carried over to the script, resulting in incorrect
315 nsswitch settings. The simplest remedy is to remove both
316 /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/host.conf; they will be recreated
317 during the next reboot.
320 The return value of sema_timedwait(9) has been changed to
321 make it consistent with cv_timedwait(9). Be sure to recompile
322 the ips module and any third-party modules which call
326 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet.
327 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of
328 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place
329 please recompile and reinstall world.
332 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c)
333 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree.
336 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly
337 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your
338 kernel configuration.
341 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command
342 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without
343 options are not affected but those with options may break until
344 ipfw(8) is recompiled.
347 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this
348 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to
352 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes
353 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable
354 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0.
357 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy
358 drive is still broken.
361 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management
362 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until
363 the unanticipated problems have been resolved.
366 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process,
367 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring
368 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes
369 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running
370 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running
371 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom".
374 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant
375 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and
376 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322,
377 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this
378 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack.
379 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should
380 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over.
381 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient
382 locking is merged to permit this to take place.
385 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to
386 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people
387 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for
388 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People
389 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event.
392 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make
393 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required
394 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your
395 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf.
396 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The
397 pf system consists of the following three devices:
399 device pflog # optional
400 device pfsync # optional
403 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition
404 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of
407 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1
408 libc_r.so libpthread.so
410 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r
411 to use libpthread instead.
414 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1
415 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is
416 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default).
417 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may
418 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced.
421 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated
422 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that
423 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some
424 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs
425 should remain unaffected.
428 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor
429 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that
430 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD
431 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions
432 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations
433 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors.
436 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm
437 and related userland network utilities necessary.
440 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways.
441 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT.
442 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION.
443 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated.
446 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer
447 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time.
450 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the
451 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also
452 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For
453 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links
454 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until
455 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is
456 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that
457 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or
458 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended
459 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using
460 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf
461 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries
462 do not work with libpthread.
465 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler
466 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be
467 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more
468 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not
469 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option
470 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE.
473 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly
474 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory,
475 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option.
478 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail
479 if the login process is unable to successfully set the
480 process credentials to include all groups defined for the
481 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators
482 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups
483 defined, or they will be unable to log in.
486 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required
487 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically.
490 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to
491 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem
492 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel
493 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about
494 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will
495 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs
497 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the
498 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since
499 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option
500 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you
501 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4!
502 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs
503 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad
504 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports
505 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after
506 these changes are installed.
508 ****************************DANGER*******************************
510 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and
511 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a
512 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old
516 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This
517 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph
518 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require
519 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in
520 sync before rebooting.
523 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default
524 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical
525 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS.
526 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the
527 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel
528 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled.
531 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by
532 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily
533 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your
534 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver.
537 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing
538 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with
539 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most
540 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated
541 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to
545 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove
546 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly.
547 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 501110.
550 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and
551 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel.
554 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS
555 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was
556 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has
557 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS
558 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c.
561 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally
562 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system
563 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See
564 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp.
567 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started
568 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This
569 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address
570 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute.
573 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be
574 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb
575 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when
576 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or
577 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest
578 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'.
579 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time
580 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts
581 may or may not exist on your system.
584 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h
585 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it.
586 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your
587 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically.
590 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel.
591 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be
592 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine
593 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted.
596 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated
597 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your
598 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel
599 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org
600 so the quirk can be re-enabled.
603 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues
604 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time.
607 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't
608 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but
609 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real
613 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue.
614 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others
615 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment.
616 People should report those issues to current@.
619 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN
620 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove
624 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code
625 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your
626 LANG environment variable.
629 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel
630 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly
631 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on
632 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig
633 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup
637 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you
638 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is
639 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure
640 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1)
641 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one-
642 time snafu. Typical failure mode:
644 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092:
645 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored
646 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored
647 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored
650 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC
651 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of
652 usr.bin/sed/process.c).
655 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting
656 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT
657 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS.
660 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and
661 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you
662 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE
663 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld.
666 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems
667 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org.
668 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can
669 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating,
670 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that
671 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed.
674 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd
675 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The
676 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You
677 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating
678 userland. In general, you should have a userland and
679 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the
680 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some
684 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit
685 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1)
686 while upgrading the system through a buildworld.
688 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
689 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update
690 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee
691 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc:
693 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \
694 make cleandir && make obj && \
695 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \
696 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install
699 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important
700 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses
701 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is
702 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines
703 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately.
706 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard.
707 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should
708 be removed when convenient.
711 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users
712 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys.
715 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently
716 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config.
717 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler
718 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like
719 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try
720 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion.
723 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree.
724 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate
727 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are
728 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line
729 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility
733 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC
734 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions
735 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous
736 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any
737 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not
738 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be
742 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay
743 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need
744 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work
745 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get
746 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301.
749 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on
750 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work
751 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in
752 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
755 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep
756 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT
760 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels.
761 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to
762 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you
763 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD
764 partition really is on. The old device names have gone
765 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust
766 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in
767 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.)
770 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or
771 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems
772 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory",
773 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD
774 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c).
776 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
777 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit
778 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the
779 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the
780 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN,
781 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR.
784 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible
785 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++
786 programs and libraries need to be recompiled.
788 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before
789 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed.
792 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm
793 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default.
794 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use
795 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings).
798 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was
799 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line
803 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as
804 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare
805 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The
806 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option.
809 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved.
810 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the
811 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP
812 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds.
813 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE.
816 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the
817 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and
821 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer
822 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add
823 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed
824 with the set-user-ID bit set.
827 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2.
828 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand
829 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to
830 generated debugging information for our native GDB.
833 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc
834 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc
835 and then do a cvs update.
838 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the
839 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio.
842 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it
843 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf
844 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail
845 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to
846 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting
847 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will
848 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot.
851 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option.
854 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today.
857 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer,
858 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line.
861 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no
862 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support
863 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run
864 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf,
865 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details.
867 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are
868 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID
869 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group
870 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will
871 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user
872 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and
873 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'.
874 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install
875 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a
876 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed
880 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/
881 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified
882 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If
883 you have local modifications, you can use
884 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your
887 Please see the following url for more details:
888 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no>
890 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable
891 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed
892 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za>
895 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file
896 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring
897 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its
898 own. All the accumulated features and bug fixes of the i4b
899 version have now been merged back into the base system's
900 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this
901 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with
902 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired
903 as well. (There has never been rc file support for
904 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be
905 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.)
908 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically
909 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and
910 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the
911 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of
912 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by
913 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They
914 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using
918 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed,
919 and truss(1) now works again.
922 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8)
923 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please
925 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org>
929 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the
930 kernel and burncd to be in sync.
933 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the
934 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your
935 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's
938 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead
939 until the issue has been resolved.
942 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been
946 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding
947 after this date. You need to do this only once.
950 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough
951 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be
952 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal."
955 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect
956 choppy waves in the upgrade process.
959 The asr driver problem has been resolved.
962 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver
963 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending
964 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you
965 try to use from this date forward.
968 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use
969 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET,
970 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on
971 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and
975 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed.
976 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications
980 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than
981 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will
982 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment,
983 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works
984 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa).
987 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines.
988 To disable ACPI you can add
989 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"
990 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot
993 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko
994 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config
995 file and not list acpi in that list.
998 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install
999 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries
1000 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to
1001 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the
1002 following to get them installed only once:
1003 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch>
1005 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this.
1008 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools
1009 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This
1010 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary
1011 workaround is to add
1012 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO"
1013 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This
1014 can be removed afterwards.
1016 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed.
1019 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code.
1020 NFS may be unstable after this date.
1023 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in
1024 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the
1025 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and
1029 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work
1030 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer
1031 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems
1032 have been rectified around this date.
1035 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as
1036 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure
1037 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8))
1038 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make
1039 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write)
1040 permission for your name server configuration and that it
1041 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and
1044 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure
1045 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying
1050 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond
1051 the ability of the shared library major number to handle.
1052 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The
1053 solution is to rebuild those ports.
1056 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO
1057 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO.
1060 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected.
1061 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is
1062 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some
1063 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events.
1064 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts.
1067 Softupdates problems have been corrected.
1070 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always,
1071 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional
1072 kernel building methods.
1075 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some
1076 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your
1077 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have
1078 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet).
1081 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not
1082 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted
1083 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file.
1086 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing
1087 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due
1088 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To
1089 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism
1090 until this bug is fixed.
1092 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config
1093 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the
1094 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not.
1097 Locale names have changed to match other systems better.
1100 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change
1101 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by
1102 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this.
1103 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang.
1105 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an
1106 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what
1109 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd
1110 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before
1111 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to
1112 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags.
1115 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this,
1116 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only
1117 a limited time. If you see
1119 install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together
1121 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using
1125 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However,
1126 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha
1127 definitely is in bad shape.
1130 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems
1131 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see
1132 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495
1133 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message
1135 Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty
1138 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient.
1141 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over
1142 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if
1143 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org.
1146 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and
1147 userland at the same time.
1150 New ncurses imported.
1153 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this
1154 will be the only way to go starting July 1.
1157 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different,
1158 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no.
1161 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT.
1164 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT.
1167 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to
1168 go back in the water.
1171 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after
1172 this date, but before the correction date.
1175 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed.
1178 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations
1179 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility.
1180 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old
1181 fsck with the new kernel ever.
1184 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab.
1185 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for
1186 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary.
1189 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your
1190 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and
1191 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work
1192 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig.
1195 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC
1196 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have
1197 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details.
1200 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile
1201 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus.
1204 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode
1208 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now.
1209 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std.
1210 ssh might not work if you don't.
1213 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments,
1214 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if
1215 you use the ed driver.
1218 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly
1219 safe to go back into the water.
1222 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If
1223 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost
1224 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned
1225 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0
1226 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time.
1228 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following
1229 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we
1230 don't have to move this to the updating section.
1232 To get around the installworld problem, do:
1233 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed
1237 If that doesn't work, then try:
1238 # make -k installworld
1242 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you
1243 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result.
1246 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated.
1247 Remove them from your config.
1250 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1251 buildkernel has been changed slightly
1252 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1253 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You
1254 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly.
1257 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO.
1258 This requires a new config to build correctly.
1261 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the
1262 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it
1263 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations.
1266 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync.
1269 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in
1270 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit.
1273 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you
1274 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core
1275 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem
1276 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the
1277 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you
1278 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that
1279 might have been ignored by the -k option.
1281 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your
1282 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports
1286 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The
1287 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed
1288 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this.
1291 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver
1292 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line
1293 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys
1294 cards will not be recognized without it.
1297 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked
1298 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires
1299 adding the following in pam.conf:
1301 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so
1302 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass
1303 sshd session required pam_permit.so
1306 cvs updated to 1.11.
1309 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure
1310 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed
1311 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig,
1312 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one
1316 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1317 Sendmail has been updated.
1318 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1319 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary.
1320 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL
1322 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY
1324 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1).
1325 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed
1326 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf.
1327 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names
1329 More details can be found at
1330 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010
1333 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update
1334 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems.
1337 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses
1338 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete
1342 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout.
1343 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING
1344 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing
1345 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole
1346 tree for anything to work.
1349 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information.
1352 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken
1353 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the
1354 same time as your kernel.
1357 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to
1358 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time
1359 when they resume. Include
1361 in your config file and
1362 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa"
1363 to your /boot/device.hints file.
1366 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device,
1367 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have
1368 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your
1369 own kernel config file.
1374 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do
1378 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to
1379 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to
1380 reflect this if you load this module at boot time.
1381 The line should read:
1385 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it
1386 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely
1387 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make
1388 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at
1389 first blush appear related to SMP.
1392 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things,
1393 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See
1394 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network
1395 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you
1396 don't have one, and you have host.conf.
1399 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface
1400 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer
1401 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use
1402 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you
1403 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes.
1406 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is
1407 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location
1410 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time.
1411 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/
1412 installkernel/installworld dance.
1414 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory
1415 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale
1416 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct
1417 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures
1418 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update.
1420 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then
1421 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old
1422 chflags noschg /kernel.old
1423 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1424 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1428 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light.
1429 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will
1430 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than
1431 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the
1432 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and
1433 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail
1434 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email
1435 is not likely to be generated.
1438 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to
1439 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture
1440 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints
1441 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note,
1442 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and
1443 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot
1444 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the
1448 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and
1449 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to
1453 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but
1454 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use
1455 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true
1456 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this,
1457 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl
1458 will fix this until the next build.
1461 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more
1462 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration
1464 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README
1465 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users
1466 - MSA port (587) turned on by default
1467 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9
1468 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl')
1469 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured
1470 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial'
1471 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B
1472 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info
1475 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must
1476 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build.
1477 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and
1478 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a
1479 specific use for it.
1482 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading
1483 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to
1484 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup
1485 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course):
1486 # Enable network daemons for user convenience.
1488 portmap_enable="YES"
1489 sendmail_enable="YES"
1492 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you
1493 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES".
1496 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if
1497 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL'
1498 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel
1499 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have
1500 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL
1501 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel
1505 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get
1506 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check
1507 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read
1508 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt
1509 for details on potential problems that you might have and how
1512 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the
1513 clauses above, you needn't worry.
1516 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of
1517 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike
1518 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run
1519 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security.
1522 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard
1523 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options
1524 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that
1525 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do
1526 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently
1527 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange
1528 errors. (see below, 20000624).
1530 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto.
1533 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things
1534 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to
1535 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following:
1536 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf
1539 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This
1540 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6
1541 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly
1542 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will
1543 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the
1547 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done
1548 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at
1549 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for
1553 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to
1554 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th.
1557 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start
1558 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older
1559 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated.
1562 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree.
1563 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites,
1564 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org.
1567 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto
1568 system installed in order to build the system and kernel.
1569 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as
1570 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS
1571 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they
1572 were required. You should check with the latest collections
1573 to make sure that these haven't changed.
1576 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of
1577 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random.
1578 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD
1579 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services
1580 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress.
1581 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this
1582 date to the completion of the work.
1584 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add '
1585 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev
1586 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and
1587 recreate the random and urandom devices.
1590 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause
1591 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links
1592 that used to be required when updating.
1595 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on
1596 the config file update procedure.
1597 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html
1598 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES
1599 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file:
1600 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT
1603 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon
1604 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and
1605 that workaround will no longer be required.
1608 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the
1609 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update
1610 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd
1613 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a
1614 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern
1615 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases
1619 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail
1620 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will
1621 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive
1622 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format
1623 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or
1624 NEWCARD for examples of the new format.
1626 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry
1627 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism
1628 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards
1632 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody
1633 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need
1634 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a
1635 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel.
1637 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf
1638 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It
1639 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem
1643 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling.
1646 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected.
1647 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand
1648 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly.
1651 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info
1655 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and
1656 connected to the kernel building instead.
1659 You may need to build gperf
1660 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install
1661 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses
1662 an option only in -current.
1665 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more
1666 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to
1667 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem
1668 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but
1669 before you reboot, you'll need to issue:
1670 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig
1671 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine.
1674 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they
1675 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to
1676 cope if you have a problem combination is to add:
1677 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0
1678 to the start of /etc/rc.conf.
1681 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the
1682 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old
1683 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must
1684 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers
1685 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with
1686 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001.
1689 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party.
1690 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the
1691 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel
1692 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing.
1693 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules
1694 that you are loading are up to date.
1697 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you
1698 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0'
1699 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your
1700 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not
1704 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how
1705 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x.
1709 # NOTE: 5.x below applies to 6.0-currrent as well, for the
1710 # momemnt. 4.any -> 5.any upgrade support will remain in
1711 # place for 6.0 current, but after 5.3 RELEASE, the 4.any ->
1712 # 6.0-current upgrade path will require moving through 5.3
1717 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1718 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1719 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1720 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1721 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1722 on the -current branch).
1724 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1725 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1726 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1727 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1728 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1729 page for more details.
1733 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1734 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
1735 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
1736 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1737 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1739 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1740 --------------------------------------------------------------
1741 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1742 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1743 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1745 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1746 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1747 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1752 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1754 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1755 -----------------------------------------------------------
1756 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1757 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1759 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1760 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1762 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1764 <reboot in single user> [3]
1765 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1772 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1773 --------------------------------------------------
1774 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1775 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1776 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1779 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1782 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1783 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1784 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1785 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1786 cp src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \
1787 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed
1788 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1789 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1790 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1791 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1792 <reboot into current>
1793 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1794 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat>
1798 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
1799 ----------------------------------------------
1800 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
1801 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.x onto a 4.x
1802 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
1803 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
1804 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
1805 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
1806 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
1809 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1810 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1812 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
1813 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1814 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6]
1816 <reboot in single user> [3]
1817 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1819 rm -rf /usr/include/g++
1824 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1825 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1826 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1827 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1828 the UPDATING entries.
1830 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1831 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1832 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1833 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1834 much fewer pitfalls.
1836 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1837 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1840 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
1841 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
1844 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1849 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1850 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1851 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1852 For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about
1853 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
1854 be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
1856 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1857 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1858 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1859 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1860 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1861 for potential gotchas.
1863 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1864 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1865 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1866 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1867 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1868 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1870 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
1871 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
1872 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
1874 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
1875 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
1878 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
1879 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form /dev/ad0a
1880 without the actual slice name. These will break with 5.x and newer.
1881 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
1882 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. i386 and pc98 are affected, while alpha
1885 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1886 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1887 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1888 that is hard to boot to recover.
1890 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1891 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1893 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1894 cvs prune empty directories.
1896 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1897 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1898 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1900 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1901 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1902 warn if it is improperly defined.
1904 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything,
1905 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x
1906 compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue
1907 using your existing software for a while. Alternatively, you can
1908 install the misc/compat4x port.
1910 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
1911 initialized by feeding data into it. src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
1915 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1916 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1917 and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
1918 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1920 Copyright information:
1922 Copyright 1998-2004 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1924 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1925 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1926 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1928 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1929 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1930 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1931 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1932 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1933 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1934 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1935 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1936 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1937 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1938 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1940 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1943 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of