1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
9 portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes).
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 5.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 5.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance.
25 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of the
26 if_carp placeholder. All kernel modules implementing network
27 interfaces must be recompiled as a result.
30 making /dev/(null|zero) into a module proved to be too unpopular,
31 so this bit has been revoked from the previous (20040801) entry.
34 The /dev/mem, /dev/io /dev/(null/zero) devices are now modules,
35 so you may wish to add them to your kernel config file. See
39 System compiler has been upgraded to GCC 3.4.2-pre. As with any major
40 compiler upgrade, there are several issues to be aware of. GCC 3.4.x
41 has broken C++ ABI compatibility with previous releases yet again
42 and users will have to rebuild all their C++ programs with the new
43 compiler. A new unit-at-a-time optimization mode, which is default
44 in this compiler release, is more aggressive in removing unused
45 static symbols. This is the likely cause of 'make buildworld'
46 breakages with non-default CFLAGS where optimization level is set
49 With the upgrade of the system compiler, the kernel has been upgraded
50 to match the new system compiler. This makes it impossible to build
51 a new kernel with the old compiler. Upgrade your system via
52 make buildworld and make kernel (see below) to fix this problem.
55 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of
56 the IFF_NEEDSGIANT flag (and what it implies). All kernel
57 modules implementing network interfaces must be recompiled as
61 The sound device drivers are renamed. `sound' is always required,
62 while `snd_*' should be configured accordingly to your hardware.
63 Refer to NOTES for the detail of the drivers.
66 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 502122.
69 The console initialization on Alpha has been reworked and is now
70 identical to other platforms. This means that the hardcoding of
71 the serial console and the debug port has been removed. As such,
72 hints are now required for the sio(4) driver to become a console
73 or debug port. The NO_SIO option has been decommissioned because
77 A revamp of the debugging code in the kernel with some visible
78 changes beyond just the debugging experience:
79 o The DDB option is now specific to the DDB debugger backend
80 and should not be used any more for conditional compilation
81 of debugging code for when debugging is enabled. Use the KDB
83 o The WITNESS_DDB, DDB_TRACE and DDB_UNATTENDED options have
84 been renamed to WITNESS_KDB, KDB_TRACE and KDB_UNATTENDED
85 respectively. This is in line with the first bullet.
86 o The remote GDB support has been untangled from DDB and needs
87 to be enabled separately now. Use the GDB option for this.
88 o The GDB_REMOTE_CHAT option has been removed. Support for this
89 homegrown feature is discontinued. The GDB remote protocol
90 supports console output and it makes sense to use that.
91 o The DDB_NOKLDSYM option has been removed. The DDB debugger
92 now supports both direct symbol table lookups as well as KLD
93 symbol lookups through the linker.
96 Bluetooth code has been marked as non-i386 specific.
97 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 502121 to mark this change.
100 The native preemption has been added to the kernel scheduler.
101 There is some report that the ULE scheduler was broken in some
102 machines and we encourage users using the ULE scheduler either
103 stick with a known good kernel, or temporarily switch to the 4BSD
104 scheduler as a workaround.
107 The netgraph ABI version number has been incremented to indicate
108 an incompatible change in the ABI. Old netgraph nodes will refuse
109 to attach until recompiled. Netgraph now uses mbuf tags to move
110 metadata and this commit removes its home-grown metadata facility.
111 Nodes should just recompile, unless they use metadata, in which
112 case the changes are simple; the file ng_ksocket.c serves as an
113 example of such changes.
115 This also broke i4b, although the compile problem has been papered
119 ACPI has been updated to disable known-bad BIOS revisions. A message
120 will be printed on the console indicating that ACPI has been disabled
121 automatically and that the user should use a newer BIOS, if possible.
122 If you think ACPI does work on your system and want to override
123 this (i.e., for testing), set hint.acpi.0.disabled="0" at the
127 pf was updated to OpenBSD-stable 3.5 and pflogd(8) is privilege
128 separated now. It uses the newly created "_pflogd" user/group
129 combination. If you plan to use pflogd(8) make sure to run
130 mergemaster -p or install the "_pflogd" user and group manually.
133 Network interface cloning has been overhauled. This change will
134 require a recompile of modules using cloning and modification of
135 external ones to the new API. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
136 to 502119 to mark this change. Additionally, users creating
137 stf(4) interfaces via "ifconfig stf" will need to update their
138 scripts as this will create an interface named "stf" instead of
139 "stf0" and ifconfig will not print "stf0" to stdout.
142 On 20040524, the /etc/rc.d/nsswitch script was modified to
143 automatically create /etc/nsswitch.conf on startup if it did
144 not already exist. Unfortunately, an error in the man page
145 was carried over to the script, resulting in incorrect
146 nsswitch settings. The simplest remedy is to remove both
147 /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/host.conf; they will be recreated
148 during the next reboot.
151 The return value of sema_timedwait(9) has been changed to
152 make it consistent with cv_timedwait(9). Be sure to recompile
153 the ips module and any third-party modules which call
157 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet.
158 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of
159 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place
160 please recompile and reinstall world.
163 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c)
164 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree.
167 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly
168 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your
169 kernel configuration.
172 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command
173 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without
174 options are not affected but those with options may break until
175 ipfw(8) is recompiled.
178 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this
179 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to
183 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes
184 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable
185 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0.
188 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy
189 drive is still broken.
192 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management
193 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until
194 the unanticipated problems have been resolved.
197 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process,
198 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring
199 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes
200 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running
201 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running
202 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom".
205 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant
206 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and
207 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322,
208 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this
209 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack.
210 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should
211 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over.
212 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient
213 locking is merged to permit this to take place.
216 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to
217 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people
218 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for
219 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People
220 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event.
223 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make
224 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required
225 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your
226 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf.
227 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The
228 pf system consists of the following three devices:
230 device pflog # optional
231 device pfsync # optional
234 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition
235 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of
238 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1
239 libc_r.so libpthread.so
241 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r
242 to use libpthread instead.
245 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1
246 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is
247 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default).
248 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may
249 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced.
252 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated
253 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that
254 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some
255 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs
256 should remain unaffected.
259 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor
260 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that
261 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD
262 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions
263 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations
264 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors.
267 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm
268 and related userland network utilities necessary.
271 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways.
272 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT.
273 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION.
274 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated.
277 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer
278 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time.
281 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the
282 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also
283 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For
284 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links
285 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until
286 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is
287 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that
288 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or
289 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended
290 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using
291 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf
292 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries
293 do not work with libpthread.
296 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler
297 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be
298 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more
299 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not
300 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option
301 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE.
304 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly
305 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory,
306 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option.
309 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail
310 if the login process is unable to successfully set the
311 process credentials to include all groups defined for the
312 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators
313 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups
314 defined, or they will be unable to log in.
317 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required
318 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically.
321 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to
322 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem
323 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel
324 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about
325 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will
326 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs
328 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the
329 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since
330 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option
331 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you
332 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4!
333 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs
334 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad
335 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports
336 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after
337 these changes are installed.
339 ****************************DANGER*******************************
341 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and
342 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a
343 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old
347 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This
348 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph
349 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require
350 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in
351 sync before rebooting.
354 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default
355 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical
356 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS.
357 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the
358 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel
359 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled.
362 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by
363 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily
364 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your
365 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver.
368 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing
369 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with
370 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most
371 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated
372 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to
376 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove
377 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly.
378 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 501110.
381 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and
382 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel.
385 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS
386 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was
387 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has
388 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS
389 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c.
392 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally
393 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system
394 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See
395 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp.
398 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started
399 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This
400 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address
401 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute.
404 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be
405 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb
406 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when
407 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or
408 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest
409 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'.
410 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time
411 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts
412 may or may not exist on your system.
415 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h
416 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it.
417 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your
418 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically.
421 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel.
422 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be
423 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine
424 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted.
427 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated
428 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your
429 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel
430 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org
431 so the quirk can be re-enabled.
434 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues
435 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time.
438 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't
439 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but
440 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real
444 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue.
445 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others
446 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment.
447 People should report those issues to current@.
450 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN
451 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove
455 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code
456 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your
457 LANG environment variable.
460 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel
461 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly
462 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on
463 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig
464 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup
468 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you
469 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is
470 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure
471 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1)
472 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one-
473 time snafu. Typical failure mode:
475 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092:
476 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored
477 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored
478 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored
481 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC
482 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of
483 usr.bin/sed/process.c).
486 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting
487 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT
488 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS.
491 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and
492 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you
493 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE
494 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld.
497 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems
498 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org.
499 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can
500 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating,
501 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that
502 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed.
505 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd
506 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The
507 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You
508 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating
509 userland. In general, you should have a userland and
510 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the
511 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some
515 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit
516 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1)
517 while upgrading the system through a buildworld.
519 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
520 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update
521 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee
522 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc:
524 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \
525 make cleandir && make obj && \
526 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \
527 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install
530 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important
531 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses
532 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is
533 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines
534 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately.
537 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard.
538 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should
539 be removed when convenient.
542 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users
543 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys.
546 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently
547 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config.
548 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler
549 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like
550 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try
551 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion.
554 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree.
555 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate
558 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are
559 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line
560 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility
564 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC
565 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions
566 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous
567 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any
568 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not
569 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be
573 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay
574 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need
575 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work
576 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get
577 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301.
580 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on
581 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work
582 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in
583 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
586 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep
587 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT
591 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels.
592 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to
593 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you
594 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD
595 partition really is on. The old device names have gone
596 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust
597 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in
598 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.)
601 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or
602 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems
603 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory",
604 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD
605 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c).
607 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either
608 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit
609 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the
610 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the
611 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN,
612 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR.
615 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible
616 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++
617 programs and libraries need to be recompiled.
619 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before
620 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed.
623 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm
624 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default.
625 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use
626 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings).
629 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was
630 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line
634 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as
635 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare
636 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The
637 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option.
640 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved.
641 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the
642 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP
643 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds.
644 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE.
647 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the
648 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and
652 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer
653 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add
654 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed
655 with the set-user-ID bit set.
658 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2.
659 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand
660 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to
661 generated debugging information for our native GDB.
664 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc
665 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc
666 and then do a cvs update.
669 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the
670 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio.
673 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it
674 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf
675 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail
676 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to
677 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting
678 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will
679 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot.
682 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option.
685 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today.
688 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer,
689 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line.
692 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no
693 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support
694 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run
695 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf,
696 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details.
698 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are
699 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID
700 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group
701 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will
702 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user
703 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and
704 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'.
705 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install
706 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a
707 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed
711 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/
712 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified
713 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If
714 you have local modifications, you can use
715 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your
718 Please see the following url for more details:
719 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no>
721 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable
722 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed
723 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za>
726 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file
727 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring
728 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its
729 own. All the accumulated features and bug fixes of the i4b
730 version have now been merged back into the base system's
731 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this
732 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with
733 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired
734 as well. (There has never been rc file support for
735 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be
736 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.)
739 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically
740 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and
741 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the
742 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of
743 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by
744 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They
745 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using
749 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed,
750 and truss(1) now works again.
753 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8)
754 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please
756 http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org>
760 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the
761 kernel and burncd to be in sync.
764 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the
765 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your
766 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's
769 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead
770 until the issue has been resolved.
773 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been
777 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding
778 after this date. You need to do this only once.
781 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough
782 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be
783 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal."
786 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect
787 choppy waves in the upgrade process.
790 The asr driver problem has been resolved.
793 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver
794 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending
795 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you
796 try to use from this date forward.
799 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use
800 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET,
801 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on
802 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and
806 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed.
807 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications
811 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than
812 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will
813 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment,
814 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works
815 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa).
818 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines.
819 To disable ACPI you can add
820 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"
821 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot
824 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko
825 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config
826 file and not list acpi in that list.
829 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install
830 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries
831 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to
832 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the
833 following to get them installed only once:
834 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch>
836 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this.
839 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools
840 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This
841 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary
843 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO"
844 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This
845 can be removed afterwards.
847 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed.
850 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code.
851 NFS may be unstable after this date.
854 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in
855 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the
856 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and
860 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work
861 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer
862 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems
863 have been rectified around this date.
866 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as
867 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure
868 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8))
869 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make
870 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write)
871 permission for your name server configuration and that it
872 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and
875 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure
876 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying
881 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond
882 the ability of the shared library major number to handle.
883 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The
884 solution is to rebuild those ports.
887 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO
888 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO.
891 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected.
892 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is
893 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some
894 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events.
895 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts.
898 Softupdates problems have been corrected.
901 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always,
902 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional
903 kernel building methods.
906 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some
907 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your
908 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have
909 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet).
912 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not
913 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted
914 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file.
917 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing
918 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due
919 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To
920 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism
921 until this bug is fixed.
923 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config
924 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the
925 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not.
928 Locale names have changed to match other systems better.
931 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change
932 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by
933 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this.
934 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang.
936 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an
937 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what
940 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd
941 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before
942 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to
943 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags.
946 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this,
947 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only
948 a limited time. If you see
950 install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together
952 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using
956 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However,
957 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha
958 definitely is in bad shape.
961 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems
962 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see
963 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495
964 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message
966 Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty
969 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient.
972 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over
973 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if
974 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org.
977 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and
978 userland at the same time.
981 New ncurses imported.
984 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this
985 will be the only way to go starting July 1.
988 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different,
989 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no.
992 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT.
995 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT.
998 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to
999 go back in the water.
1002 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after
1003 this date, but before the correction date.
1006 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed.
1009 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations
1010 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility.
1011 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old
1012 fsck with the new kernel ever.
1015 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab.
1016 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for
1017 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary.
1020 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your
1021 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and
1022 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work
1023 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig.
1026 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC
1027 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have
1028 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details.
1031 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile
1032 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus.
1035 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode
1039 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now.
1040 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std.
1041 ssh might not work if you don't.
1044 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments,
1045 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if
1046 you use the ed driver.
1049 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly
1050 safe to go back into the water.
1053 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If
1054 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost
1055 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned
1056 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0
1057 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time.
1059 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following
1060 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we
1061 don't have to move this to the updating section.
1063 To get around the installworld problem, do:
1064 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed
1068 If that doesn't work, then try:
1069 # make -k installworld
1073 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you
1074 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result.
1077 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated.
1078 Remove them from your config.
1081 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1082 buildkernel has been changed slightly
1083 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1084 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You
1085 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly.
1088 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO.
1089 This requires a new config to build correctly.
1092 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the
1093 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it
1094 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations.
1097 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync.
1100 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in
1101 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit.
1104 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you
1105 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core
1106 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem
1107 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the
1108 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you
1109 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that
1110 might have been ignored by the -k option.
1112 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your
1113 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports
1117 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The
1118 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed
1119 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this.
1122 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver
1123 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line
1124 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys
1125 cards will not be recognized without it.
1128 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked
1129 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires
1130 adding the following in pam.conf:
1132 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so
1133 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass
1134 sshd session required pam_permit.so
1137 cvs updated to 1.11.
1140 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure
1141 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed
1142 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig,
1143 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one
1147 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1148 Sendmail has been updated.
1149 ****************************** WARNING ******************************
1150 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary.
1151 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL
1153 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY
1155 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1).
1156 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed
1157 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf.
1158 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names
1160 More details can be found at
1161 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010
1164 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update
1165 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems.
1168 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses
1169 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete
1173 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout.
1174 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING
1175 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing
1176 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole
1177 tree for anything to work.
1180 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information.
1183 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken
1184 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the
1185 same time as your kernel.
1188 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to
1189 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time
1190 when they resume. Include
1192 in your config file and
1193 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa"
1194 to your /boot/device.hints file.
1197 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device,
1198 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have
1199 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your
1200 own kernel config file.
1205 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do
1209 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to
1210 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to
1211 reflect this if you load this module at boot time.
1212 The line should read:
1216 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it
1217 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely
1218 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make
1219 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at
1220 first blush appear related to SMP.
1223 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things,
1224 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See
1225 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network
1226 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you
1227 don't have one, and you have host.conf.
1230 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface
1231 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer
1232 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use
1233 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you
1234 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes.
1237 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is
1238 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location
1241 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time.
1242 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/
1243 installkernel/installworld dance.
1245 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory
1246 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale
1247 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct
1248 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures
1249 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update.
1251 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then
1252 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old
1253 chflags noschg /kernel.old
1254 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1255 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
1259 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light.
1260 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will
1261 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than
1262 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the
1263 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and
1264 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail
1265 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email
1266 is not likely to be generated.
1269 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to
1270 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture
1271 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints
1272 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note,
1273 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and
1274 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot
1275 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the
1279 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and
1280 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to
1284 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but
1285 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use
1286 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true
1287 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this,
1288 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl
1289 will fix this until the next build.
1292 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more
1293 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration
1295 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README
1296 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users
1297 - MSA port (587) turned on by default
1298 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9
1299 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl')
1300 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured
1301 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial'
1302 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B
1303 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info
1306 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must
1307 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build.
1308 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and
1309 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a
1310 specific use for it.
1313 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading
1314 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to
1315 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup
1316 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course):
1317 # Enable network daemons for user convenience.
1319 portmap_enable="YES"
1320 sendmail_enable="YES"
1323 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you
1324 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES".
1327 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if
1328 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL'
1329 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel
1330 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have
1331 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL
1332 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel
1336 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get
1337 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check
1338 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read
1339 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt
1340 for details on potential problems that you might have and how
1343 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the
1344 clauses above, you needn't worry.
1347 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of
1348 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike
1349 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run
1350 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security.
1353 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard
1354 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options
1355 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that
1356 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do
1357 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently
1358 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange
1359 errors. (see below, 20000624).
1361 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto.
1364 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things
1365 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to
1366 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following:
1367 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf
1370 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This
1371 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6
1372 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly
1373 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will
1374 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the
1378 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done
1379 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at
1380 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for
1384 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to
1385 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th.
1388 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start
1389 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older
1390 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated.
1393 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree.
1394 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites,
1395 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org.
1398 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto
1399 system installed in order to build the system and kernel.
1400 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as
1401 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS
1402 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they
1403 were required. You should check with the latest collections
1404 to make sure that these haven't changed.
1407 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of
1408 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random.
1409 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD
1410 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services
1411 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress.
1412 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this
1413 date to the completion of the work.
1415 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add '
1416 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev
1417 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and
1418 recreate the random and urandom devices.
1421 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause
1422 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links
1423 that used to be required when updating.
1426 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on
1427 the config file update procedure.
1428 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html
1429 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES
1430 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file:
1431 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT
1434 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon
1435 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and
1436 that workaround will no longer be required.
1439 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the
1440 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update
1441 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd
1444 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a
1445 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern
1446 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases
1450 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail
1451 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will
1452 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive
1453 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format
1454 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or
1455 NEWCARD for examples of the new format.
1457 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry
1458 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism
1459 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards
1463 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody
1464 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need
1465 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a
1466 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel.
1468 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf
1469 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It
1470 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem
1474 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling.
1477 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected.
1478 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand
1479 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly.
1482 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info
1486 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and
1487 connected to the kernel building instead.
1490 You may need to build gperf
1491 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install
1492 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses
1493 an option only in -current.
1496 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more
1497 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to
1498 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem
1499 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but
1500 before you reboot, you'll need to issue:
1501 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig
1502 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine.
1505 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they
1506 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to
1507 cope if you have a problem combination is to add:
1508 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0
1509 to the start of /etc/rc.conf.
1512 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the
1513 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old
1514 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must
1515 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers
1516 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with
1517 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001.
1520 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party.
1521 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the
1522 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel
1523 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing.
1524 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules
1525 that you are loading are up to date.
1528 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you
1529 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0'
1530 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your
1531 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not
1535 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how
1536 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x.
1542 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1543 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1544 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1545 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1546 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1547 on the -current branch).
1549 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1550 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1551 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1552 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1553 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1554 page for more details.
1558 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1559 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
1560 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
1561 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1562 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1564 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1565 --------------------------------------------------------------
1566 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1567 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1568 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1570 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1571 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1572 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1577 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1579 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1580 -----------------------------------------------------------
1581 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1582 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1584 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1585 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1587 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1588 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1590 <reboot in single user> [3]
1591 /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1598 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1599 --------------------------------------------------
1600 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1601 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1602 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1605 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1608 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1609 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1610 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1611 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1612 cp /usr/src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \
1613 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed
1614 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1615 cd /usr/src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1616 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1617 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1618 <reboot into current>
1619 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1620 <maybe install compatibility libraries from /usr/src/lib/compat>
1624 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
1625 ----------------------------------------------
1626 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
1627 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x
1628 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
1629 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
1630 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
1631 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
1632 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
1635 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1636 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
1638 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1639 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
1640 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1641 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6]
1643 <reboot in single user> [3]
1644 /usr/src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
1646 rm -rf /usr/include/g++
1651 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1652 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1653 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1654 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1655 the UPDATING entries.
1657 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1658 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1659 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1660 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1661 much fewer pitfalls.
1663 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1664 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1667 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
1668 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
1671 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1676 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1677 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1678 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1679 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about
1680 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
1681 be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
1683 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1684 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1685 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1686 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1687 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1688 for potential gotchas.
1690 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1691 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1692 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1693 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1694 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1695 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1697 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
1698 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
1699 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
1701 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
1702 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
1705 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
1706 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386
1707 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the
1708 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break.
1709 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
1710 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a.
1712 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1713 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1714 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1715 that is hard to boot to recover.
1717 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1718 cvs prune empty directories. Also, if CPUTYPE is defined in your
1719 /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the "?=" instead of the "=" assignment
1720 operator, so that buildworld can override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1721 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything,
1722 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x
1723 compatibility libraries are build which should allow you to continue
1724 using your existing software for a while.
1726 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
1727 initialized by feeding data into it. /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
1731 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1732 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1733 and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
1734 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1736 Copyright information:
1738 Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1740 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1741 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1742 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1744 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1745 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1746 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1747 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1748 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1749 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1750 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1751 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1752 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1753 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1754 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1756 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1759 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of