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29 .\" @(#)csh.a 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/8/93
33 Appendix \- Special characters
35 The following table lists the special characters of
37 and the \s-2UNIX\s0 system, giving for each the section(s) in which it
39 A number of these characters also have special meaning in expressions.
46 Syntactic metacharacters
48 ; 2.4 separates commands to be executed sequentially
49 | 1.5 separates commands in a pipeline
50 ( ) 2.2,3.6 brackets expressions and variable values
51 & 2.5 follows commands to be executed without waiting for completion
54 Filename metacharacters
56 / 1.6 separates components of a file's pathname
57 \&. 1.6 separates root parts of a file name from extensions
58 ? 1.6 expansion character matching any single character
59 * 1.6 expansion character matching any sequence of characters
60 [ ] 1.6 expansion sequence matching any single character from a set
61 ~ 1.6 used at the beginning of a filename to indicate home directories
62 { } 4.2 used to specify groups of arguments with common parts
65 Quotation metacharacters
67 \e 1.7 prevents meta-meaning of following single character
68 \' 1.7 prevents meta-meaning of a group of characters
69 " 4.3 like \', but allows variable and command expansion
72 Input/output metacharacters
74 < 1.5 indicates redirected input
75 > 1.3 indicates redirected output
78 Expansion/substitution metacharacters
80 $ 3.4 indicates variable substitution
81 ! 2.3 indicates history substitution
82 : 3.6 precedes substitution modifiers
83 ^ 2.3 used in special forms of history substitution
84 \` 4.3 indicates command substitution
89 # 1.3,3.6 begins scratch file names; indicates shell comments
90 \- 1.2 prefixes option (flag) arguments to commands
91 % 2.6 prefixes job name specifications