2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17 * without specific prior written permission.
19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30 * ------+---------+---------+-------- + --------+---------+---------+---------*
31 * Copyright (c) 2004 - Garance Alistair Drosehn <gad@FreeBSD.org>.
32 * All rights reserved.
34 * Significant modifications made to bring `ps' options somewhat closer
35 * to the standard for `ps' as described in SingleUnixSpec-v3.
36 * ------+---------+---------+-------- + --------+---------+---------+---------*
40 static const char copyright[] =
41 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\n\
42 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
47 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
51 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
52 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
54 #include <sys/param.h>
59 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
60 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
61 #include <sys/mount.h>
82 #define _PATH_PTS "/dev/pts/"
84 #define W_SEP " \t" /* "Whitespace" list separators */
85 #define T_SEP "," /* "Terminate-element" list separators */
89 #define OPT_LAZY_f "f"
91 #define DEF_UREAD 1 /* Always do the more-expensive read. */
92 #define OPT_LAZY_f /* I.e., the `-f' option is not added. */
96 * isdigit takes an `int', but expects values in the range of unsigned char.
97 * This wrapper ensures that values from a 'char' end up in the correct range.
99 #define isdigitch(Anychar) isdigit((u_char)(Anychar))
102 int eval; /* Exit value */
103 time_t now; /* Current time(3) value */
105 int sumrusage; /* -S */
106 int termwidth; /* Width of the screen (0 == infinity). */
107 int showthreads; /* will threads be shown? */
109 struct velisthead varlist = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(varlist);
111 static int forceuread = DEF_UREAD; /* Do extra work to get u-area. */
113 static int needcomm; /* -o "command" */
114 static int needenv; /* -e */
115 static int needuser; /* -o "user" */
116 static int optfatal; /* Fatal error parsing some list-option. */
117 static int pid_max; /* kern.max_pid */
119 static enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT;
122 typedef int addelem_rtn(struct listinfo *_inf, const char *_elem);
128 addelem_rtn *addelem;
140 static int addelem_gid(struct listinfo *, const char *);
141 static int addelem_jid(struct listinfo *, const char *);
142 static int addelem_pid(struct listinfo *, const char *);
143 static int addelem_tty(struct listinfo *, const char *);
144 static int addelem_uid(struct listinfo *, const char *);
145 static void add_list(struct listinfo *, const char *);
146 static void descendant_sort(KINFO *, int);
147 static void format_output(KINFO *);
148 static void *expand_list(struct listinfo *);
150 fmt(char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int),
151 KINFO *, char *, char *, int);
152 static void free_list(struct listinfo *);
153 static void init_list(struct listinfo *, addelem_rtn, int, const char *);
154 static char *kludge_oldps_options(const char *, char *, const char *);
155 static int pscomp(const void *, const void *);
156 static void saveuser(KINFO *);
157 static void scanvars(void);
158 static void sizevars(void);
159 static void pidmax_init(void);
160 static void usage(void);
162 static char dfmt[] = "pid,tt,state,time,command";
163 static char jfmt[] = "user,pid,ppid,pgid,sid,jobc,state,tt,time,command";
164 static char lfmt[] = "uid,pid,ppid,cpu,pri,nice,vsz,rss,mwchan,state,"
166 static char o1[] = "pid";
167 static char o2[] = "tt,state,time,command";
168 static char ufmt[] = "user,pid,%cpu,%mem,vsz,rss,tt,state,start,time,command";
169 static char vfmt[] = "pid,state,time,sl,re,pagein,vsz,rss,lim,tsiz,"
171 static char Zfmt[] = "label";
173 #define PS_ARGS "AaCcde" OPT_LAZY_f "G:gHhjJ:LlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwXxZ"
176 main(int argc, char *argv[])
178 struct listinfo gidlist, jidlist, pgrplist, pidlist;
179 struct listinfo ruidlist, sesslist, ttylist, uidlist;
180 struct kinfo_proc *kp;
181 KINFO *kinfo = NULL, *next_KINFO;
184 struct winsize ws = { .ws_row = 0 };
185 const char *nlistf, *memf, *str;
187 int all, ch, elem, flag, _fmt, i, lineno, linelen, left;
188 int descendancy, nentries, nkept, nselectors;
189 int prtheader, wflag, what, xkeep, xkeep_implied;
190 int fwidthmin, fwidthmax;
191 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
192 char fmtbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
194 (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
195 time(&now); /* Used by routines in print.c. */
198 * Compute default output line length before processing options.
199 * If COLUMNS is set, use it. Otherwise, if this is part of an
200 * interactive job (i.e. one associated with a terminal), use
201 * the terminal width. "Interactive" is determined by whether
202 * any of stdout, stderr, or stdin is a terminal. The intent
203 * is that "ps", "ps | more", and "ps | grep" all use the same
204 * default line length unless -w is specified.
206 if ((cols = getenv("COLUMNS")) != NULL && *cols != '\0')
207 termwidth = atoi(cols);
208 else if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
209 ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
210 ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) ||
214 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
217 * Hide a number of option-processing kludges in a separate routine,
218 * to support some historical BSD behaviors, such as `ps axu'.
221 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(PS_ARGS, argv[1], argv[2]);
225 all = descendancy = _fmt = nselectors = optfatal = 0;
226 prtheader = showthreads = wflag = xkeep_implied = 0;
227 xkeep = -1; /* Neither -x nor -X. */
228 init_list(&gidlist, addelem_gid, sizeof(gid_t), "group");
229 init_list(&jidlist, addelem_jid, sizeof(int), "jail id");
230 init_list(&pgrplist, addelem_pid, sizeof(pid_t), "process group");
231 init_list(&pidlist, addelem_pid, sizeof(pid_t), "process id");
232 init_list(&ruidlist, addelem_uid, sizeof(uid_t), "ruser");
233 init_list(&sesslist, addelem_pid, sizeof(pid_t), "session id");
234 init_list(&ttylist, addelem_tty, sizeof(dev_t), "tty");
235 init_list(&uidlist, addelem_uid, sizeof(uid_t), "user");
236 memf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
239 argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
243 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1)
247 * Exactly the same as `-ax'. This has been
248 * added for compatibility with SUSv3, but for
249 * now it will not be described in the man page.
267 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */
272 if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0)
277 add_list(&gidlist, optarg);
284 * XXX - This SUSv3 behavior is still under debate
285 * since it conflicts with the (undocumented)
286 * `-g' option. So we skip it for now.
288 add_list(&pgrplist, optarg);
293 /* The historical BSD-ish (from SunOS) behavior. */
297 showthreads = KERN_PROC_INC_THREAD;
300 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22;
303 add_list(&jidlist, optarg);
333 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0';
341 add_list(&pidlist, optarg);
343 * Note: `-p' does not *set* xkeep, but any values
344 * from pidlist are checked before xkeep is. That
345 * way they are always matched, even if the user
353 * XXX - This un-standard option is still under
354 * debate. This is what SUSv3 defines as
355 * the `-U' option, and while it would be
356 * nice to have, it could cause even more
357 * confusion to implement it as `-R'.
359 add_list(&ruidlist, optarg);
373 * XXX - This non-standard option is still under
374 * debate. This *is* supported on Solaris,
375 * Linux, and IRIX, but conflicts with `-s'
376 * on NetBSD and maybe some older BSD's.
378 add_list(&sesslist, optarg);
384 if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
385 xo_errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal");
388 add_list(&ttylist, optarg);
393 /* This is what SUSv3 defines as the `-u' option. */
394 add_list(&uidlist, optarg);
412 termwidth = UNLIMITED;
413 else if (termwidth < 131 && termwidth != UNLIMITED)
419 * Note that `-X' and `-x' are not standard "selector"
420 * options. For most selector-options, we check *all*
421 * processes to see if any are matched by the given
422 * value(s). After we have a set of all the matched
423 * processes, then `-X' and `-x' govern whether we
424 * modify that *matched* set for processes which do
425 * not have a controlling terminal. `-X' causes
426 * those processes to be deleted from the matched
427 * set, while `-x' causes them to be kept.
446 * If there arguments after processing all the options, attempt
447 * to treat them as a list of process ids.
450 if (!isdigitch(**argv))
452 add_list(&pidlist, *argv);
456 xo_warnx("illegal argument: %s\n", *argv);
460 exit(1); /* Error messages already printed. */
461 if (xkeep < 0) /* Neither -X nor -x was specified. */
462 xkeep = xkeep_implied;
464 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
466 xo_errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
471 if (nselectors == 0) {
472 uidlist.l.ptr = malloc(sizeof(uid_t));
473 if (uidlist.l.ptr == NULL)
474 xo_errx(1, "malloc failed");
476 uidlist.count = uidlist.maxcount = 1;
477 *uidlist.l.uids = getuid();
481 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed,
482 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate.
487 * Get process list. If the user requested just one selector-
488 * option, then kvm_getprocs can be asked to return just those
489 * processes. Otherwise, have it return all processes, and
490 * then this routine will search that full list and select the
491 * processes which match any of the user's selector-options.
493 what = showthreads != 0 ? KERN_PROC_ALL : KERN_PROC_PROC;
495 if (nselectors == 1) {
496 if (gidlist.count == 1) {
497 what = KERN_PROC_RGID | showthreads;
498 flag = *gidlist.l.gids;
500 } else if (pgrplist.count == 1) {
501 what = KERN_PROC_PGRP | showthreads;
502 flag = *pgrplist.l.pids;
504 } else if (pidlist.count == 1) {
505 what = KERN_PROC_PID | showthreads;
506 flag = *pidlist.l.pids;
508 } else if (ruidlist.count == 1) {
509 what = KERN_PROC_RUID | showthreads;
510 flag = *ruidlist.l.uids;
512 } else if (sesslist.count == 1) {
513 what = KERN_PROC_SESSION | showthreads;
514 flag = *sesslist.l.pids;
516 } else if (ttylist.count == 1) {
517 what = KERN_PROC_TTY | showthreads;
518 flag = *ttylist.l.ttys;
520 } else if (uidlist.count == 1) {
521 what = KERN_PROC_UID | showthreads;
522 flag = *uidlist.l.uids;
525 /* No need for this routine to select processes. */
534 kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries);
536 * Ignore ESRCH to preserve behaviour of "ps -p nonexistent-pid"
537 * not reporting an error.
539 if ((kp == NULL && errno != ESRCH) || (kp != NULL && nentries < 0))
540 xo_errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
543 if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL)
544 xo_errx(1, "malloc failed");
545 for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) {
547 * If the user specified multiple selection-criteria,
548 * then keep any process matched by the inclusive OR
549 * of all the selection-criteria given.
551 if (pidlist.count > 0) {
552 for (elem = 0; elem < pidlist.count; elem++)
553 if (kp->ki_pid == pidlist.l.pids[elem])
557 * Note that we had to process pidlist before
558 * filtering out processes which do not have
559 * a controlling terminal.
562 if ((kp->ki_tdev == NODEV ||
563 (kp->ki_flag & P_CONTROLT) == 0))
568 if (gidlist.count > 0) {
569 for (elem = 0; elem < gidlist.count; elem++)
570 if (kp->ki_rgid == gidlist.l.gids[elem])
573 if (jidlist.count > 0) {
574 for (elem = 0; elem < jidlist.count; elem++)
575 if (kp->ki_jid == jidlist.l.jids[elem])
578 if (pgrplist.count > 0) {
579 for (elem = 0; elem < pgrplist.count; elem++)
581 pgrplist.l.pids[elem])
584 if (ruidlist.count > 0) {
585 for (elem = 0; elem < ruidlist.count; elem++)
587 ruidlist.l.uids[elem])
590 if (sesslist.count > 0) {
591 for (elem = 0; elem < sesslist.count; elem++)
592 if (kp->ki_sid == sesslist.l.pids[elem])
595 if (ttylist.count > 0) {
596 for (elem = 0; elem < ttylist.count; elem++)
597 if (kp->ki_tdev == ttylist.l.ttys[elem])
600 if (uidlist.count > 0) {
601 for (elem = 0; elem < uidlist.count; elem++)
602 if (kp->ki_uid == uidlist.l.uids[elem])
606 * This process did not match any of the user's
607 * selector-options, so skip the process.
612 next_KINFO = &kinfo[nkept];
613 next_KINFO->ki_p = kp;
614 next_KINFO->ki_d.level = 0;
615 next_KINFO->ki_d.prefix = NULL;
616 next_KINFO->ki_pcpu = getpcpu(next_KINFO);
617 if (sortby == SORTMEM)
618 next_KINFO->ki_memsize = kp->ki_tsize +
619 kp->ki_dsize + kp->ki_ssize;
621 saveuser(next_KINFO);
637 qsort(kinfo, nkept, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp);
640 * We want things in descendant order
643 descendant_sort(kinfo, nkept);
647 * Prepare formatted output.
649 for (i = 0; i < nkept; i++)
650 format_output(&kinfo[i]);
655 xo_open_container("process-information");
657 if (xo_get_style(NULL) != XO_STYLE_TEXT)
658 termwidth = UNLIMITED;
661 * Output formatted lines.
663 xo_open_list("process");
664 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nkept; i++) {
666 xo_open_instance("process");
667 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &varlist, next_ve) {
668 ks = STAILQ_FIRST(&kinfo[i].ki_ks);
669 STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&kinfo[i].ki_ks, ks_next);
670 /* Truncate rightmost column if necessary. */
671 fwidthmax = _POSIX2_LINE_MAX;
672 if (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, next_ve) == NULL &&
673 termwidth != UNLIMITED && ks->ks_str != NULL) {
674 left = termwidth - linelen;
675 if (left > 0 && left < (int)strlen(ks->ks_str))
682 /* No padding for the last column, if it's LJUST. */
683 fwidthmin = (xo_get_style(NULL) != XO_STYLE_TEXT ||
684 (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, next_ve) == NULL &&
685 (vent->var->flag & LJUST))) ? 0 : vent->var->width;
686 snprintf(fmtbuf, sizeof(fmtbuf), "{:%s/%%%s%d..%ds}",
687 vent->var->field ?: vent->var->name,
688 (vent->var->flag & LJUST) ? "-" : "",
689 fwidthmin, fwidthmax);
690 xo_emit(fmtbuf, str);
691 linelen += fwidthmin;
693 if (ks->ks_str != NULL) {
700 if (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, next_ve) != NULL) {
706 xo_close_instance("process");
707 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
713 xo_close_list("process");
714 xo_close_container("process-information");
720 free_list(&pgrplist);
721 free_list(&ruidlist);
722 free_list(&sesslist);
725 for (i = 0; i < nkept; i++)
726 free(kinfo[i].ki_d.prefix);
733 addelem_gid(struct listinfo *inf, const char *elem)
736 const char *nameorID;
740 if (*elem == '\0' || strlen(elem) >= MAXLOGNAME) {
742 xo_warnx("Invalid (zero-length) %s name", inf->lname);
744 xo_warnx("%s name too long: %s", inf->lname, elem);
746 return (0); /* Do not add this value. */
750 * SUSv3 states that `ps -G grouplist' should match "real-group
751 * ID numbers", and does not mention group-names. I do want to
752 * also support group-names, so this tries for a group-id first,
753 * and only tries for a name if that doesn't work. This is the
754 * opposite order of what is done in addelem_uid(), but in
755 * practice the order would only matter for group-names which
761 bigtemp = strtoul(elem, &endp, 10);
762 if (errno == 0 && *endp == '\0' && bigtemp <= GID_MAX) {
763 nameorID = "name or ID matches";
764 grp = getgrgid((gid_t)bigtemp);
767 grp = getgrnam(elem);
769 xo_warnx("No %s %s '%s'", inf->lname, nameorID, elem);
773 if (inf->count >= inf->maxcount)
775 inf->l.gids[(inf->count)++] = grp->gr_gid;
780 addelem_jid(struct listinfo *inf, const char *elem)
785 warnx("Invalid (zero-length) jail id");
787 return (0); /* Do not add this value. */
790 tempid = jail_getid(elem);
792 warnx("Invalid %s: %s", inf->lname, elem);
797 if (inf->count >= inf->maxcount)
799 inf->l.jids[(inf->count)++] = tempid;
804 addelem_pid(struct listinfo *inf, const char *elem)
810 xo_warnx("Invalid (zero-length) process id");
812 return (0); /* Do not add this value. */
816 tempid = strtol(elem, &endp, 10);
817 if (*endp != '\0' || tempid < 0 || elem == endp) {
818 xo_warnx("Invalid %s: %s", inf->lname, elem);
820 } else if (errno != 0 || tempid > pid_max) {
821 xo_warnx("%s too large: %s", inf->lname, elem);
824 if (errno == ERANGE) {
828 if (inf->count >= inf->maxcount)
830 inf->l.pids[(inf->count)++] = tempid;
835 * The user can specify a device via one of three formats:
836 * 1) fully qualified, e.g.: /dev/ttyp0 /dev/console /dev/pts/0
837 * 2) missing "/dev", e.g.: ttyp0 console pts/0
838 * 3) two-letters, e.g.: p0 co 0
839 * (matching letters that would be seen in the "TT" column)
842 addelem_tty(struct listinfo *inf, const char *elem)
846 char pathbuf[PATH_MAX], pathbuf2[PATH_MAX], pathbuf3[PATH_MAX];
856 if (strcmp(elem, "co") == 0) {
857 ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE;
862 strlcpy(pathbuf, _PATH_DEV, sizeof(pathbuf));
863 strlcat(pathbuf, elem, sizeof(pathbuf));
865 if (strncmp(pathbuf, _PATH_TTY, strlen(_PATH_TTY)) == 0)
867 if (strncmp(pathbuf, _PATH_PTS, strlen(_PATH_PTS)) == 0)
869 if (strcmp(pathbuf, _PATH_CONSOLE) == 0)
871 /* Check to see if /dev/tty${elem} exists */
872 strlcpy(pathbuf2, _PATH_TTY, sizeof(pathbuf2));
873 strlcat(pathbuf2, elem, sizeof(pathbuf2));
874 if (stat(pathbuf2, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
875 /* No need to repeat stat() && S_ISCHR() checks */
879 /* Check to see if /dev/pts/${elem} exists */
880 strlcpy(pathbuf3, _PATH_PTS, sizeof(pathbuf3));
881 strlcat(pathbuf3, elem, sizeof(pathbuf3));
882 if (stat(pathbuf3, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
883 /* No need to repeat stat() && S_ISCHR() checks */
890 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1) {
891 if (pathbuf3[0] != '\0')
892 xo_warn("%s, %s, and %s", pathbuf3, pathbuf2,
895 xo_warn("%s", ttypath);
899 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) {
900 if (pathbuf3[0] != '\0')
901 xo_warnx("%s, %s, and %s: Not a terminal",
902 pathbuf3, pathbuf2, ttypath);
904 xo_warnx("%s: Not a terminal", ttypath);
909 if (inf->count >= inf->maxcount)
911 inf->l.ttys[(inf->count)++] = sb.st_rdev;
916 addelem_uid(struct listinfo *inf, const char *elem)
922 if (*elem == '\0' || strlen(elem) >= MAXLOGNAME) {
924 xo_warnx("Invalid (zero-length) %s name", inf->lname);
926 xo_warnx("%s name too long: %s", inf->lname, elem);
928 return (0); /* Do not add this value. */
931 pwd = getpwnam(elem);
934 bigtemp = strtoul(elem, &endp, 10);
935 if (errno != 0 || *endp != '\0' || bigtemp > UID_MAX)
936 xo_warnx("No %s named '%s'", inf->lname, elem);
938 /* The string is all digits, so it might be a userID. */
939 pwd = getpwuid((uid_t)bigtemp);
941 xo_warnx("No %s name or ID matches '%s'",
947 * These used to be treated as minor warnings (and the
948 * option was simply ignored), but now they are fatal
949 * errors (and the command will be aborted).
954 if (inf->count >= inf->maxcount)
956 inf->l.uids[(inf->count)++] = pwd->pw_uid;
961 add_list(struct listinfo *inf, const char *argp)
966 char elemcopy[PATH_MAX];
969 inf->addelem(inf, argp);
970 while (*argp != '\0') {
971 while (*argp != '\0' && strchr(W_SEP, *argp) != NULL)
976 if (strchr(T_SEP, *argp) == NULL) {
977 endp = elemcopy + sizeof(elemcopy) - 1;
978 while (*argp != '\0' && cp <= endp &&
979 strchr(W_SEP T_SEP, *argp) == NULL)
987 * Add this single element to the given list.
989 inf->addelem(inf, elemcopy);
992 * The string is too long to copy. Find the end
993 * of the string to print out the warning message.
995 while (*argp != '\0' && strchr(W_SEP T_SEP,
998 xo_warnx("Value too long: %.*s", (int)(argp - savep),
1003 * Skip over any number of trailing whitespace characters,
1004 * but only one (at most) trailing element-terminating
1007 while (*argp != '\0' && strchr(W_SEP, *argp) != NULL)
1009 if (*argp != '\0' && strchr(T_SEP, *argp) != NULL) {
1011 /* Catch case where string ended with a comma. */
1013 inf->addelem(inf, argp);
1019 descendant_sort(KINFO *ki, int items)
1021 int dst, lvl, maxlvl, n, ndst, nsrc, siblings, src;
1022 unsigned char *path;
1026 * First, sort the entries by descendancy, tracking the descendancy
1027 * depth in the ki_d.level field.
1031 while (src < items) {
1032 if (ki[src].ki_d.level) {
1036 for (nsrc = 1; src + nsrc < items; nsrc++)
1037 if (!ki[src + nsrc].ki_d.level)
1040 for (dst = 0; dst < items; dst++) {
1041 if (ki[dst].ki_p->ki_pid == ki[src].ki_p->ki_pid)
1043 if (ki[dst].ki_p->ki_pid == ki[src].ki_p->ki_ppid)
1052 for (ndst = 1; dst + ndst < items; ndst++)
1053 if (ki[dst + ndst].ki_d.level <= ki[dst].ki_d.level)
1056 for (n = src; n < src + nsrc; n++) {
1057 ki[n].ki_d.level += ki[dst].ki_d.level + 1;
1058 if (maxlvl < ki[n].ki_d.level)
1059 maxlvl = ki[n].ki_d.level;
1065 memmove(ki + src, ki + src + 1,
1066 (dst - src + ndst - 1) * sizeof *ki);
1067 ki[dst + ndst - 1] = kn;
1071 } else if (src != dst + ndst) {
1073 memmove(ki + dst + ndst + 1, ki + dst + ndst,
1074 (src - dst - ndst) * sizeof *ki);
1075 ki[dst + ndst] = kn;
1088 * Now populate ki_d.prefix (instead of ki_d.level) with the command
1089 * prefix used to show descendancies.
1091 path = malloc((maxlvl + 7) / 8);
1092 memset(path, '\0', (maxlvl + 7) / 8);
1093 for (src = 0; src < items; src++) {
1094 if ((lvl = ki[src].ki_d.level) == 0) {
1095 ki[src].ki_d.prefix = NULL;
1098 if ((ki[src].ki_d.prefix = malloc(lvl * 2 + 1)) == NULL)
1099 xo_errx(1, "malloc failed");
1100 for (n = 0; n < lvl - 2; n++) {
1101 ki[src].ki_d.prefix[n * 2] =
1102 path[n / 8] & 1 << (n % 8) ? '|' : ' ';
1103 ki[src].ki_d.prefix[n * 2 + 1] = ' ';
1106 /* Have I any more siblings? */
1107 for (siblings = 0, dst = src + 1; dst < items; dst++) {
1108 if (ki[dst].ki_d.level > lvl)
1110 if (ki[dst].ki_d.level == lvl)
1115 path[n / 8] |= 1 << (n % 8);
1117 path[n / 8] &= ~(1 << (n % 8));
1118 ki[src].ki_d.prefix[n * 2] = siblings ? '|' : '`';
1119 ki[src].ki_d.prefix[n * 2 + 1] = '-';
1122 strcpy(ki[src].ki_d.prefix + n * 2, "- ");
1128 expand_list(struct listinfo *inf)
1133 newmax = (inf->maxcount + 1) << 1;
1134 newlist = realloc(inf->l.ptr, newmax * inf->elemsize);
1135 if (newlist == NULL) {
1137 xo_errx(1, "realloc to %d %ss failed", newmax, inf->lname);
1139 inf->maxcount = newmax;
1140 inf->l.ptr = newlist;
1146 free_list(struct listinfo *inf)
1149 inf->count = inf->elemsize = inf->maxcount = 0;
1150 if (inf->l.ptr != NULL)
1152 inf->addelem = NULL;
1158 init_list(struct listinfo *inf, addelem_rtn artn, int elemsize,
1162 inf->count = inf->maxcount = 0;
1163 inf->elemsize = elemsize;
1164 inf->addelem = artn;
1170 find_varentry(VAR *v)
1172 struct varent *vent;
1174 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &varlist, next_ve) {
1175 if (strcmp(vent->var->name, v->name) == 0)
1184 struct varent *vent;
1187 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &varlist, next_ve) {
1197 format_output(KINFO *ki)
1199 struct varent *vent;
1205 STAILQ_INIT(&ki->ki_ks);
1206 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &varlist, next_ve) {
1208 str = (v->oproc)(ki, vent);
1209 ks = malloc(sizeof(*ks));
1211 xo_errx(1, "malloc failed");
1213 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ki->ki_ks, ks, ks_next);
1226 struct varent *vent;
1230 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &varlist, next_ve) {
1232 i = strlen(vent->header);
1239 fmt(char **(*fn)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki,
1240 char *comm, char *thread, int maxlen)
1244 s = fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_p, termwidth), comm,
1245 showthreads && ki->ki_p->ki_numthreads > 1 ? thread : NULL, maxlen);
1249 #define UREADOK(ki) (forceuread || (ki->ki_p->ki_flag & P_INMEM))
1256 if (ki->ki_p->ki_flag & P_INMEM) {
1258 * The u-area might be swapped out, and we can't get
1259 * at it because we have a crashdump and no swap.
1260 * If it's here fill in these fields, otherwise, just
1267 * save arguments if needed
1270 if (ki->ki_p->ki_stat == SZOMB)
1271 ki->ki_args = strdup("<defunct>");
1272 else if (UREADOK(ki) || (ki->ki_p->ki_args != NULL))
1273 ki->ki_args = fmt(kvm_getargv, ki,
1274 ki->ki_p->ki_comm, ki->ki_p->ki_tdname, MAXCOMLEN);
1276 asprintf(&argsp, "(%s)", ki->ki_p->ki_comm);
1277 ki->ki_args = argsp;
1279 if (ki->ki_args == NULL)
1280 xo_errx(1, "malloc failed");
1286 ki->ki_env = fmt(kvm_getenvv, ki,
1287 (char *)NULL, (char *)NULL, 0);
1289 ki->ki_env = strdup("()");
1290 if (ki->ki_env == NULL)
1291 xo_errx(1, "malloc failed");
1297 /* A macro used to improve the readability of pscomp(). */
1298 #define DIFF_RETURN(a, b, field) do { \
1299 if ((a)->field != (b)->field) \
1300 return (((a)->field < (b)->field) ? -1 : 1); \
1304 pscomp(const void *a, const void *b)
1306 const KINFO *ka, *kb;
1310 /* SORTCPU and SORTMEM are sorted in descending order. */
1311 if (sortby == SORTCPU)
1312 DIFF_RETURN(kb, ka, ki_pcpu);
1313 if (sortby == SORTMEM)
1314 DIFF_RETURN(kb, ka, ki_memsize);
1316 * TTY's are sorted in ascending order, except that all NODEV
1317 * processes come before all processes with a device.
1319 if (ka->ki_p->ki_tdev != kb->ki_p->ki_tdev) {
1320 if (ka->ki_p->ki_tdev == NODEV)
1322 if (kb->ki_p->ki_tdev == NODEV)
1324 DIFF_RETURN(ka, kb, ki_p->ki_tdev);
1327 /* PID's and TID's (threads) are sorted in ascending order. */
1328 DIFF_RETURN(ka, kb, ki_p->ki_pid);
1329 DIFF_RETURN(ka, kb, ki_p->ki_tid);
1335 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness
1336 * here than taint the main code.
1341 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users
1342 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same
1343 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument.
1346 kludge_oldps_options(const char *optlist, char *origval, const char *nextarg)
1349 char *argp, *cp, *newopts, *ns, *optp, *pidp;
1352 * See if the original value includes any option which takes an
1353 * argument (and will thus use up the remainder of the string).
1356 if (optlist != NULL) {
1357 for (cp = origval; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
1358 optp = strchr(optlist, *cp);
1359 if ((optp != NULL) && *(optp + 1) == ':') {
1365 if (argp != NULL && *origval == '-')
1369 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context
1370 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' --
1371 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)).
1373 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found earlier
1374 * in the option string (including a possible `t' flag), then the
1375 * remainder of the string must be the argument to that flag; so
1376 * do not modify that argument. Note that a trailing `t' would
1377 * cause argp to be set, if argp was not already set by some
1380 len = strlen(origval);
1381 cp = origval + len - 1;
1383 if (*cp == 't' && *origval != '-' && cp == argp) {
1384 if (nextarg == NULL || *nextarg == '-' || isdigitch(*nextarg))
1386 } else if (argp == NULL) {
1388 * The original value did not include any option which takes
1389 * an argument (and that would include `p' and `t'), so check
1390 * the value for trailing number, or comma-separated list of
1391 * numbers, which we will treat as a pid request.
1393 if (isdigitch(*cp)) {
1394 while (cp >= origval && (*cp == ',' || isdigitch(*cp)))
1401 * If nothing needs to be added to the string, then return
1402 * the "original" (although possibly modified) value.
1404 if (*origval == '-' && pidp == NULL)
1408 * Create a copy of the string to add '-' and/or 'p' to the
1411 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 3)) == NULL)
1412 xo_errx(1, "malloc failed");
1414 if (*origval != '-')
1415 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */
1418 strcpy(ns, origval);
1421 * Copy everything before the pid string, add the `p',
1422 * and then copy the pid string.
1424 len = pidp - origval;
1425 memcpy(ns, origval, len);
1439 intsize = sizeof(pid_max);
1440 if (sysctlbyname("kern.pid_max", &pid_max, &intsize, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1441 xo_warn("unable to read kern.pid_max");
1449 #define SINGLE_OPTS "[-aCcde" OPT_LAZY_f "HhjlmrSTuvwXxZ]"
1451 (void)xo_error("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1452 "usage: ps " SINGLE_OPTS " [-O fmt | -o fmt] [-G gid[,gid...]]",
1453 " [-J jid[,jid...]] [-M core] [-N system]",
1454 " [-p pid[,pid...]] [-t tty[,tty...]] [-U user[,user...]]",