1 .\" $Id: nsupdate.8,v 8.4 1999/10/17 06:26:18 cyarnell Exp $
3 .\"Copyright (c) 1999 by Internet Software Consortium
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18 .Dt NSUPDATE @SYS_OPS_EXT_U@
22 .Nd update Internet name servers interactively
25 .Op Fl Ar k keydir:keyname
31 is a program to update Internet domain name servers
32 supporting dynamic update.
34 uses the DNS resolver library to pass messages
35 to a DNS server requesting the additional or deletion of
36 DNS resource records (RRs).
44 Sign updates with TSIG.
48 Virtual circuit - use TCP to communication with server.
52 reads input records, one per line,
53 each line contributing a resource record to an
55 All domain names used in a single update request
56 must belong to the same DNS zone.
57 A blank line causes the accumulated
58 records to be formated into a single update request
59 and transmitted to the zone's authoritative name servers.
60 Additional records may follow,
61 which are formed into additional,
62 completely independent update requests.
63 For the last request to be transmitted, a blank line
66 Records take one of two general forms.
68 records specify conditions that must be satisfied before
69 the request will be processed.
71 records specify changes to be made to the DNS database.
72 A update request consists of zero or more prerequisites
73 and one or more updates.
74 Each update request is processed atomically -
75 all prerequisites must be satisfied, then all updates
79 understands the following input record formats:
84 .It Ic prereq nxdomain Va domain-name
85 Requires that no RR of any type exists with name
88 .It Ic prereq yxdomain Va domain-name
89 Requires that at least one RR named
94 .Ic prereq nxrrset Va domain-name Op class
97 Requires that no RR exists of the specified
104 .Va domain-name Op class
107 Requires that a RR exists of the specified
113 is specified, it must match exactly.
117 .Va domain-name Op class
118 .Va Op type Op data...
127 only matching records will be deleted.
131 .Va domain-name ttl Op class
134 Adds a new RR with specified
142 The following example illustrates the interactive use of
144 to change an IP address by deleting any existing A records
145 for a domain name and then inserting a new one.
146 Since no prerequisites are specified,
147 the new record will be added even if
148 there were no existing records to delete.
150 trailing blank line, required to process the request.
151 .Bd -literal -offset indent
153 > update delete test.example.com A
154 > update add test.example.com 3600 A 10.1.1.1
159 In this example, a CNAME alias is added to the database
160 only if there are no existing A or CNAME records for
162 .Bd -literal -offset indent
164 > prereq nxrrset www.example.com A
165 > prereq nxrrset www.example.com CNAME
166 > update add www.example.com 3600 CNAME test.example.com
171 In this example, the nsupdate will be signed with the key "mykey", which
172 is in the directory "/var/named/keys".
173 .Bd -literal -offset indent
174 $ nsupdate -k /var/named/keys:mykey
175 > update add ftp.example.com 60 A 192.168.5.1
184 Typically indicates that the authoritative nameservers could not be reached
186 .It Qq failed update packet
187 Typically indicates that the nameserver has rejected the update,
188 either because the nameserver doesn't support dynamic update,
189 or due to an authentication failure
191 .It Qq res_mkupdate: packet size = Va size
192 (and no other messages)
193 The update was successfully received and authenticated by the nameserver.
194 The prerequisites, however, may have prevented the update from actually
195 being performed. The only way to determine if the update was performed
198 and examine the status field in the nameserver's reply.
201 .It Pa /etc/resolv.conf
202 initial domain name and name server addresses
204 .Xr @INDOT@named @SYS_OPS_EXT@ ,
205 .Xr resolver @LIB_NETWORK_EXT@ ,
206 .Xr resolver @FORMAT_EXT@ ;
208 .Dq Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities ;
210 .Dq Domain Names - Implementation and Specification ;
212 Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System.