1 //===---- DemandedBits.cpp - Determine demanded bits ----------------------===//
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10 // This pass implements a demanded bits analysis. A demanded bit is one that
11 // contributes to a result; bits that are not demanded can be either zero or
12 // one without affecting control or data flow. For example in this sequence:
14 // %1 = add i32 %x, %y
15 // %2 = trunc i32 %1 to i16
17 // Only the lowest 16 bits of %1 are demanded; the rest are removed by the
20 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
22 #include "llvm/Analysis/DemandedBits.h"
23 #include "llvm/ADT/DepthFirstIterator.h"
24 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
25 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
26 #include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
27 #include "llvm/Analysis/AssumptionCache.h"
28 #include "llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h"
29 #include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
30 #include "llvm/IR/CFG.h"
31 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
32 #include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h"
33 #include "llvm/IR/InstIterator.h"
34 #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
35 #include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h"
36 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
37 #include "llvm/IR/Operator.h"
38 #include "llvm/Pass.h"
39 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
40 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
43 #define DEBUG_TYPE "demanded-bits"
45 char DemandedBitsWrapperPass::ID = 0;
46 INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(DemandedBitsWrapperPass, "demanded-bits",
47 "Demanded bits analysis", false, false)
48 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(AssumptionCacheTracker)
49 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(DominatorTreeWrapperPass)
50 INITIALIZE_PASS_END(DemandedBitsWrapperPass, "demanded-bits",
51 "Demanded bits analysis", false, false)
53 DemandedBitsWrapperPass::DemandedBitsWrapperPass() : FunctionPass(ID) {
54 initializeDemandedBitsWrapperPassPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
57 void DemandedBitsWrapperPass::getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
59 AU.addRequired<AssumptionCacheTracker>();
60 AU.addRequired<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
64 void DemandedBitsWrapperPass::print(raw_ostream &OS, const Module *M) const {
68 static bool isAlwaysLive(Instruction *I) {
69 return isa<TerminatorInst>(I) || isa<DbgInfoIntrinsic>(I) ||
70 I->isEHPad() || I->mayHaveSideEffects();
73 void DemandedBits::determineLiveOperandBits(
74 const Instruction *UserI, const Instruction *I, unsigned OperandNo,
75 const APInt &AOut, APInt &AB, APInt &KnownZero, APInt &KnownOne,
76 APInt &KnownZero2, APInt &KnownOne2) {
77 unsigned BitWidth = AB.getBitWidth();
79 // We're called once per operand, but for some instructions, we need to
80 // compute known bits of both operands in order to determine the live bits of
81 // either (when both operands are instructions themselves). We don't,
82 // however, want to do this twice, so we cache the result in APInts that live
83 // in the caller. For the two-relevant-operands case, both operand values are
85 auto ComputeKnownBits =
86 [&](unsigned BitWidth, const Value *V1, const Value *V2) {
87 const DataLayout &DL = I->getModule()->getDataLayout();
88 KnownZero = APInt(BitWidth, 0);
89 KnownOne = APInt(BitWidth, 0);
90 computeKnownBits(const_cast<Value *>(V1), KnownZero, KnownOne, DL, 0,
94 KnownZero2 = APInt(BitWidth, 0);
95 KnownOne2 = APInt(BitWidth, 0);
96 computeKnownBits(const_cast<Value *>(V2), KnownZero2, KnownOne2, DL,
101 switch (UserI->getOpcode()) {
103 case Instruction::Call:
104 case Instruction::Invoke:
105 if (const IntrinsicInst *II = dyn_cast<IntrinsicInst>(UserI))
106 switch (II->getIntrinsicID()) {
108 case Intrinsic::bswap:
109 // The alive bits of the input are the swapped alive bits of
111 AB = AOut.byteSwap();
113 case Intrinsic::ctlz:
114 if (OperandNo == 0) {
115 // We need some output bits, so we need all bits of the
116 // input to the left of, and including, the leftmost bit
118 ComputeKnownBits(BitWidth, I, nullptr);
119 AB = APInt::getHighBitsSet(BitWidth,
120 std::min(BitWidth, KnownOne.countLeadingZeros()+1));
123 case Intrinsic::cttz:
124 if (OperandNo == 0) {
125 // We need some output bits, so we need all bits of the
126 // input to the right of, and including, the rightmost bit
128 ComputeKnownBits(BitWidth, I, nullptr);
129 AB = APInt::getLowBitsSet(BitWidth,
130 std::min(BitWidth, KnownOne.countTrailingZeros()+1));
135 case Instruction::Add:
136 case Instruction::Sub:
137 case Instruction::Mul:
138 // Find the highest live output bit. We don't need any more input
139 // bits than that (adds, and thus subtracts, ripple only to the
141 AB = APInt::getLowBitsSet(BitWidth, AOut.getActiveBits());
143 case Instruction::Shl:
145 if (ConstantInt *CI =
146 dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(UserI->getOperand(1))) {
147 uint64_t ShiftAmt = CI->getLimitedValue(BitWidth-1);
148 AB = AOut.lshr(ShiftAmt);
150 // If the shift is nuw/nsw, then the high bits are not dead
151 // (because we've promised that they *must* be zero).
152 const ShlOperator *S = cast<ShlOperator>(UserI);
153 if (S->hasNoSignedWrap())
154 AB |= APInt::getHighBitsSet(BitWidth, ShiftAmt+1);
155 else if (S->hasNoUnsignedWrap())
156 AB |= APInt::getHighBitsSet(BitWidth, ShiftAmt);
159 case Instruction::LShr:
161 if (ConstantInt *CI =
162 dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(UserI->getOperand(1))) {
163 uint64_t ShiftAmt = CI->getLimitedValue(BitWidth-1);
164 AB = AOut.shl(ShiftAmt);
166 // If the shift is exact, then the low bits are not dead
167 // (they must be zero).
168 if (cast<LShrOperator>(UserI)->isExact())
169 AB |= APInt::getLowBitsSet(BitWidth, ShiftAmt);
172 case Instruction::AShr:
174 if (ConstantInt *CI =
175 dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(UserI->getOperand(1))) {
176 uint64_t ShiftAmt = CI->getLimitedValue(BitWidth-1);
177 AB = AOut.shl(ShiftAmt);
178 // Because the high input bit is replicated into the
179 // high-order bits of the result, if we need any of those
180 // bits, then we must keep the highest input bit.
181 if ((AOut & APInt::getHighBitsSet(BitWidth, ShiftAmt))
183 AB.setBit(BitWidth-1);
185 // If the shift is exact, then the low bits are not dead
186 // (they must be zero).
187 if (cast<AShrOperator>(UserI)->isExact())
188 AB |= APInt::getLowBitsSet(BitWidth, ShiftAmt);
191 case Instruction::And:
194 // For bits that are known zero, the corresponding bits in the
195 // other operand are dead (unless they're both zero, in which
196 // case they can't both be dead, so just mark the LHS bits as
198 if (OperandNo == 0) {
199 ComputeKnownBits(BitWidth, I, UserI->getOperand(1));
202 if (!isa<Instruction>(UserI->getOperand(0)))
203 ComputeKnownBits(BitWidth, UserI->getOperand(0), I);
204 AB &= ~(KnownZero & ~KnownZero2);
207 case Instruction::Or:
210 // For bits that are known one, the corresponding bits in the
211 // other operand are dead (unless they're both one, in which
212 // case they can't both be dead, so just mark the LHS bits as
214 if (OperandNo == 0) {
215 ComputeKnownBits(BitWidth, I, UserI->getOperand(1));
218 if (!isa<Instruction>(UserI->getOperand(0)))
219 ComputeKnownBits(BitWidth, UserI->getOperand(0), I);
220 AB &= ~(KnownOne & ~KnownOne2);
223 case Instruction::Xor:
224 case Instruction::PHI:
227 case Instruction::Trunc:
228 AB = AOut.zext(BitWidth);
230 case Instruction::ZExt:
231 AB = AOut.trunc(BitWidth);
233 case Instruction::SExt:
234 AB = AOut.trunc(BitWidth);
235 // Because the high input bit is replicated into the
236 // high-order bits of the result, if we need any of those
237 // bits, then we must keep the highest input bit.
238 if ((AOut & APInt::getHighBitsSet(AOut.getBitWidth(),
239 AOut.getBitWidth() - BitWidth))
241 AB.setBit(BitWidth-1);
243 case Instruction::Select:
250 bool DemandedBitsWrapperPass::runOnFunction(Function &F) {
251 auto &AC = getAnalysis<AssumptionCacheTracker>().getAssumptionCache(F);
252 auto &DT = getAnalysis<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>().getDomTree();
253 DB.emplace(F, AC, DT);
257 void DemandedBitsWrapperPass::releaseMemory() {
261 void DemandedBits::performAnalysis() {
263 // Analysis already completed for this function.
270 SmallVector<Instruction*, 128> Worklist;
272 // Collect the set of "root" instructions that are known live.
273 for (Instruction &I : instructions(F)) {
274 if (!isAlwaysLive(&I))
277 DEBUG(dbgs() << "DemandedBits: Root: " << I << "\n");
278 // For integer-valued instructions, set up an initial empty set of alive
279 // bits and add the instruction to the work list. For other instructions
280 // add their operands to the work list (for integer values operands, mark
281 // all bits as live).
282 if (IntegerType *IT = dyn_cast<IntegerType>(I.getType())) {
283 if (AliveBits.try_emplace(&I, IT->getBitWidth(), 0).second)
284 Worklist.push_back(&I);
289 // Non-integer-typed instructions...
290 for (Use &OI : I.operands()) {
291 if (Instruction *J = dyn_cast<Instruction>(OI)) {
292 if (IntegerType *IT = dyn_cast<IntegerType>(J->getType()))
293 AliveBits[J] = APInt::getAllOnesValue(IT->getBitWidth());
294 Worklist.push_back(J);
297 // To save memory, we don't add I to the Visited set here. Instead, we
298 // check isAlwaysLive on every instruction when searching for dead
299 // instructions later (we need to check isAlwaysLive for the
300 // integer-typed instructions anyway).
303 // Propagate liveness backwards to operands.
304 while (!Worklist.empty()) {
305 Instruction *UserI = Worklist.pop_back_val();
307 DEBUG(dbgs() << "DemandedBits: Visiting: " << *UserI);
309 if (UserI->getType()->isIntegerTy()) {
310 AOut = AliveBits[UserI];
311 DEBUG(dbgs() << " Alive Out: " << AOut);
313 DEBUG(dbgs() << "\n");
315 if (!UserI->getType()->isIntegerTy())
316 Visited.insert(UserI);
318 APInt KnownZero, KnownOne, KnownZero2, KnownOne2;
319 // Compute the set of alive bits for each operand. These are anded into the
320 // existing set, if any, and if that changes the set of alive bits, the
321 // operand is added to the work-list.
322 for (Use &OI : UserI->operands()) {
323 if (Instruction *I = dyn_cast<Instruction>(OI)) {
324 if (IntegerType *IT = dyn_cast<IntegerType>(I->getType())) {
325 unsigned BitWidth = IT->getBitWidth();
326 APInt AB = APInt::getAllOnesValue(BitWidth);
327 if (UserI->getType()->isIntegerTy() && !AOut &&
328 !isAlwaysLive(UserI)) {
329 AB = APInt(BitWidth, 0);
331 // If all bits of the output are dead, then all bits of the input
332 // Bits of each operand that are used to compute alive bits of the
333 // output are alive, all others are dead.
334 determineLiveOperandBits(UserI, I, OI.getOperandNo(), AOut, AB,
336 KnownZero2, KnownOne2);
339 // If we've added to the set of alive bits (or the operand has not
340 // been previously visited), then re-queue the operand to be visited
342 APInt ABPrev(BitWidth, 0);
343 auto ABI = AliveBits.find(I);
344 if (ABI != AliveBits.end())
345 ABPrev = ABI->second;
347 APInt ABNew = AB | ABPrev;
348 if (ABNew != ABPrev || ABI == AliveBits.end()) {
349 AliveBits[I] = std::move(ABNew);
350 Worklist.push_back(I);
352 } else if (!Visited.count(I)) {
353 Worklist.push_back(I);
360 APInt DemandedBits::getDemandedBits(Instruction *I) {
363 const DataLayout &DL = I->getParent()->getModule()->getDataLayout();
364 auto Found = AliveBits.find(I);
365 if (Found != AliveBits.end())
366 return Found->second;
367 return APInt::getAllOnesValue(DL.getTypeSizeInBits(I->getType()));
370 bool DemandedBits::isInstructionDead(Instruction *I) {
373 return !Visited.count(I) && AliveBits.find(I) == AliveBits.end() &&
377 void DemandedBits::print(raw_ostream &OS) {
379 for (auto &KV : AliveBits) {
380 OS << "DemandedBits: 0x" << utohexstr(KV.second.getLimitedValue()) << " for "
381 << *KV.first << "\n";
385 FunctionPass *llvm::createDemandedBitsWrapperPass() {
386 return new DemandedBitsWrapperPass();
389 AnalysisKey DemandedBitsAnalysis::Key;
391 DemandedBits DemandedBitsAnalysis::run(Function &F,
392 FunctionAnalysisManager &AM) {
393 auto &AC = AM.getResult<AssumptionAnalysis>(F);
394 auto &DT = AM.getResult<DominatorTreeAnalysis>(F);
395 return DemandedBits(F, AC, DT);
398 PreservedAnalyses DemandedBitsPrinterPass::run(Function &F,
399 FunctionAnalysisManager &AM) {
400 AM.getResult<DemandedBitsAnalysis>(F).print(OS);
401 return PreservedAnalyses::all();