contrib/top/top.c

   1 char *copyright =
   2     "Copyright (c) 1984 through 1996, William LeFebvre";
   3
   4 /*
   5  *  Top users/processes display for Unix
   6  *  Version 3
   7  *
   8  *  This program may be freely redistributed,
   9  *  but this entire comment MUST remain intact.
  10  *
  11  *  Copyright (c) 1984, 1989, William LeFebvre, Rice University
  12  *  Copyright (c) 1989 - 1994, William LeFebvre, Northwestern University
  13  *  Copyright (c) 1994, 1995, William LeFebvre, Argonne National Laboratory
  14  *  Copyright (c) 1996, William LeFebvre, Group sys Consulting
  15  *
  16  * $FreeBSD$
  17  */
  18
  19 /*
  20  *  See the file "Changes" for information on version-to-version changes.
  21  */
  22
  23 /*
  24  *  This file contains "main" and other high-level routines.
  25  */
  26
  27 /*
  28  * The following preprocessor variables, when defined, are used to
  29  * distinguish between different Unix implementations:
  30  *
  31  *      SIGHOLD  - use SVR4 sighold function when defined
  32  *      SIGRELSE - use SVR4 sigrelse function when defined
  33  *      FD_SET   - macros FD_SET and FD_ZERO are used when defined
  34  */
  35
  36 #include "os.h"
  37 #include <errno.h>
  38 #include <signal.h>
  39 #include <setjmp.h>
  40 #include <ctype.h>
  41 #include <sys/time.h>
  42
  43 /* includes specific to top */
  44 #include "display.h"            /* interface to display package */
  45 #include "screen.h"             /* interface to screen package */
  46 #include "top.h"
  47 #include "top.local.h"
  48 #include "boolean.h"
  49 #include "machine.h"
  50 #include "utils.h"
  51
  52 /* Size of the stdio buffer given to stdout */
  53 #define Buffersize      2048
  54
  55 /* The buffer that stdio will use */
  56 char stdoutbuf[Buffersize];
  57
  58 /* build Signal masks */
  59 #define Smask(s)        (1 << ((s) - 1))
  60
  61 /* for getopt: */
  62 extern int  optind;
  63 extern char *optarg;
  64
  65 /* imported from screen.c */
  66 extern int overstrike;
  67
  68 /* signal handling routines */
  69 sigret_t leave();
  70 sigret_t onalrm();
  71 sigret_t tstop();
  72 #ifdef SIGWINCH
  73 sigret_t winch();
  74 #endif
  75
  76 volatile sig_atomic_t leaveflag;
  77 volatile sig_atomic_t tstopflag;
  78 volatile sig_atomic_t winchflag;
  79
  80 /* internal routines */
  81 void quit();
  82
  83 /* values which need to be accessed by signal handlers */
  84 static int max_topn;            /* maximum displayable processes */
  85
  86 /* miscellaneous things */
  87 struct process_select ps;
  88 char *myname = "top";
  89 jmp_buf jmp_int;
  90
  91 /* routines that don't return int */
  92
  93 char *username();
  94 char *ctime();
  95 char *kill_procs();
  96 char *renice_procs();
  97
  98 #ifdef ORDER
  99 extern int (*compares[])();
 100 #else
 101 extern int proc_compare();
 102 extern int io_compare();
 103 #endif
 104 time_t time();
 105
 106 caddr_t get_process_info();
 107
 108 /* different routines for displaying the user's identification */
 109 /* (values assigned to get_userid) */
 110 char *username();
 111 char *itoa7();
 112
 113 /* display routines that need to be predeclared */
 114 int i_loadave();
 115 int u_loadave();
 116 int i_procstates();
 117 int u_procstates();
 118 int i_cpustates();
 119 int u_cpustates();
 120 int i_memory();
 121 int u_memory();
 122 int i_swap();
 123 int u_swap();
 124 int i_message();
 125 int u_message();
 126 int i_header();
 127 int u_header();
 128 int i_process();
 129 int u_process();
 130
 131 /* pointers to display routines */
 132 int (*d_loadave)() = i_loadave;
 133 int (*d_procstates)() = i_procstates;
 134 int (*d_cpustates)() = i_cpustates;
 135 int (*d_memory)() = i_memory;
 136 int (*d_swap)() = i_swap;
 137 int (*d_message)() = i_message;
 138 int (*d_header)() = i_header;
 139 int (*d_process)() = i_process;
 140
 141
 142 main(argc, argv)
 143
 144 int  argc;
 145 char *argv[];
 146
 147 {
 148     register int i;
 149     register int active_procs;
 150     register int change;
 151
 152     struct system_info system_info;
 153     struct statics statics;
 154     caddr_t processes;
 155
 156     static char tempbuf1[50];
 157     static char tempbuf2[50];
 158     int old_sigmask;            /* only used for BSD-style signals */
 159     int topn = Default_TOPN;
 160     int delay = Default_DELAY;
 161     int displays = 0;           /* indicates unspecified */
 162     int sel_ret = 0;
 163     time_t curr_time;
 164     char *(*get_userid)() = username;
 165     char *uname_field = "USERNAME";
 166     char *header_text;
 167     char *env_top;
 168     char **preset_argv;
 169     int  preset_argc = 0;
 170     char **av;
 171     int  ac;
 172     char dostates = No;
 173     char do_unames = Yes;
 174     char interactive = Maybe;
 175     char warnings = 0;
 176 #if Default_TOPN == Infinity
 177     char topn_specified = No;
 178 #endif
 179     char ch;
 180     char *iptr;
 181     char no_command = 1;
 182     struct timeval timeout;
 183 #ifdef ORDER
 184     char *order_name = NULL;
 185     int order_index = 0;
 186 #endif
 187 #ifndef FD_SET
 188     /* FD_SET and friends are not present:  fake it */
 189     typedef int fd_set;
 190 #define FD_ZERO(x)     (*(x) = 0)
 191 #define FD_SET(f, x)   (*(x) = 1<<f)
 192 #endif
 193     fd_set readfds;
 194
 195 #ifdef ORDER
 196     static char command_chars[] = "\f qh?en#sdkriIutHmSCo";
 197 #else
 198     static char command_chars[] = "\f qh?en#sdkriIutHmSC";
 199 #endif
 200 /* these defines enumerate the "strchr"s of the commands in command_chars */
 201 #define CMD_redraw      0
 202 #define CMD_update      1
 203 #define CMD_quit        2
 204 #define CMD_help1       3
 205 #define CMD_help2       4
 206 #define CMD_OSLIMIT     4    /* terminals with OS can only handle commands */
 207 #define CMD_errors      5    /* less than or equal to CMD_OSLIMIT          */
 208 #define CMD_number1     6
 209 #define CMD_number2     7
 210 #define CMD_delay       8
 211 #define CMD_displays    9
 212 #define CMD_kill        10
 213 #define CMD_renice      11
 214 #define CMD_idletog     12
 215 #define CMD_idletog2    13
 216 #define CMD_user        14
 217 #define CMD_selftog     15
 218 #define CMD_thrtog      16
 219 #define CMD_viewtog     17
 220 #define CMD_viewsys     18
 221 #define CMD_wcputog     19
 222 #ifdef ORDER
 223 #define CMD_order       20
 224 #endif
 225
 226     /* set the buffer for stdout */
 227 #ifdef DEBUG
 228     extern FILE *debug;
 229     debug = fopen("debug.run", "w");
 230     setbuffer(stdout, NULL, 0);
 231 #else
 232     setbuffer(stdout, stdoutbuf, Buffersize);
 233 #endif
 234
 235     /* get our name */
 236     if (argc > 0)
 237     {
 238         if ((myname = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) == 0)
 239         {
 240             myname = argv[0];
 241         }
 242         else
 243         {
 244             myname++;
 245         }
 246     }
 247
 248     /* initialize some selection options */
 249     ps.idle    = Yes;
 250     ps.self    = -1;
 251     ps.system  = No;
 252     ps.uid     = -1;
 253     ps.thread  = No;
 254     ps.wcpu    = 1;
 255     ps.command = NULL;
 256
 257     /* get preset options from the environment */
 258     if ((env_top = getenv("TOP")) != NULL)
 259     {
 260         av = preset_argv = argparse(env_top, &preset_argc);
 261         ac = preset_argc;
 262
 263         /* set the dummy argument to an explanatory message, in case
 264            getopt encounters a bad argument */
 265         preset_argv[0] = "while processing environment";
 266     }
 267
 268     /* process options */
 269     do {
 270         /* if we're done doing the presets, then process the real arguments */
 271         if (preset_argc == 0)
 272         {
 273             ac = argc;
 274             av = argv;
 275
 276             /* this should keep getopt happy... */
 277             optind = 1;
 278         }
 279
 280         while ((i = getopt(ac, av, "CSIHbinquvs:d:U:m:o:t")) != EOF)
 281         {
 282             switch(i)
 283             {
 284               case 'v':                 /* show version number */
 285                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: version %s\n",
 286                         myname, version_string());
 287                 exit(1);
 288                 break;
 289
 290               case 'u':                 /* toggle uid/username display */
 291                 do_unames = !do_unames;
 292                 break;
 293
 294               case 'U':                 /* display only username's processes */
 295                 if ((ps.uid = userid(optarg)) == -1)
 296                 {
 297                     fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown user\n", optarg);
 298                     exit(1);
 299                 }
 300                 break;
 301
 302               case 'S':                 /* show system processes */
 303                 ps.system = !ps.system;
 304                 break;
 305
 306               case 'I':                   /* show idle processes */
 307                 ps.idle = !ps.idle;
 308                 break;
 309
 310               case 'i':                 /* go interactive regardless */
 311                 interactive = Yes;
 312                 break;
 313
 314               case 'n':                 /* batch, or non-interactive */
 315               case 'b':
 316                 interactive = No;
 317                 break;
 318
 319               case 'd':                 /* number of displays to show */
 320                 if ((i = atoiwi(optarg)) == Invalid || i == 0)
 321                 {
 322                     fprintf(stderr,
 323                         "%s: warning: display count should be positive -- option ignored\n",
 324                         myname);
 325                     warnings++;
 326                 }
 327                 else
 328                 {
 329                     displays = i;
 330                 }
 331                 break;
 332
 333               case 's':
 334                 if ((delay = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || (delay == 0 && getuid() != 0))
 335                 {
 336                     fprintf(stderr,
 337                         "%s: warning: seconds delay should be positive -- using default\n",
 338                         myname);
 339                     delay = Default_DELAY;
 340                     warnings++;
 341                 }
 342                 break;
 343
 344               case 'q':         /* be quick about it */
 345                 /* only allow this if user is really root */
 346                 if (getuid() == 0)
 347                 {
 348                     /* be very un-nice! */
 349                     (void) nice(-20);
 350                 }
 351                 else
 352                 {
 353                     fprintf(stderr,
 354                         "%s: warning: `-q' option can only be used by root\n",
 355                         myname);
 356                     warnings++;
 357                 }
 358                 break;
 359
 360               case 'm':         /* select display mode */
 361                 if (strcmp(optarg, "io") == 0) {
 362                         displaymode = DISP_IO;
 363                 } else if (strcmp(optarg, "cpu") == 0) {
 364                         displaymode = DISP_CPU;
 365                 } else {
 366                         fprintf(stderr,
 367                         "%s: warning: `-m' option can only take args "
 368                         "'io' or 'cpu'\n",
 369                         myname);
 370                         exit(1);
 371                 }
 372                 break;
 373
 374               case 'o':         /* select sort order */
 375 #ifdef ORDER
 376                 order_name = optarg;
 377 #else
 378                 fprintf(stderr,
 379                         "%s: this platform does not support arbitrary ordering.  Sorry.\n",
 380                         myname);
 381                 warnings++;
 382 #endif
 383                 break;
 384
 385               case 't':
 386                 ps.self = (ps.self == -1) ? getpid() : -1;
 387                 break;
 388
 389               case 'C':
 390                 ps.wcpu = !ps.wcpu;
 391                 break;
 392
 393               case 'H':
 394                 ps.thread = !ps.thread;
 395                 break;
 396
 397               default:
 398                 fprintf(stderr, "\
 399 Top version %s\n\
 400 Usage: %s [-CHISbinqut] [-d x] [-s x] [-o field] [-U username] [number]\n",
 401                         version_string(), myname);
 402                 exit(1);
 403             }
 404         }
 405
 406         /* get count of top processes to display (if any) */
 407         if (optind < ac)
 408         {
 409             if ((topn = atoiwi(av[optind])) == Invalid)
 410             {
 411                 fprintf(stderr,
 412                         "%s: warning: process display count should be non-negative -- using default\n",
 413                         myname);
 414                 warnings++;
 415             }
 416 #if Default_TOPN == Infinity
 417             else
 418             {
 419                 topn_specified = Yes;
 420             }
 421 #endif
 422         }
 423
 424         /* tricky:  remember old value of preset_argc & set preset_argc = 0 */
 425         i = preset_argc;
 426         preset_argc = 0;
 427
 428     /* repeat only if we really did the preset arguments */
 429     } while (i != 0);
 430
 431     /* set constants for username/uid display correctly */
 432     if (!do_unames)
 433     {
 434         uname_field = "   UID  ";
 435         get_userid = itoa7;
 436     }
 437
 438     /* initialize the kernel memory interface */
 439     if (machine_init(&statics) == -1)
 440     {
 441         exit(1);
 442     }
 443
 444 #ifdef ORDER
 445     /* determine sorting order index, if necessary */
 446     if (order_name != NULL)
 447     {
 448         if ((order_index = string_index(order_name, statics.order_names)) == -1)
 449         {
 450             char **pp;
 451
 452             fprintf(stderr, "%s: '%s' is not a recognized sorting order.\n",
 453                     myname, order_name);
 454             fprintf(stderr, "\tTry one of these:");
 455             pp = statics.order_names;
 456             while (*pp != NULL)
 457             {
 458                 fprintf(stderr, " %s", *pp++);
 459             }
 460             fputc('\n', stderr);
 461             exit(1);
 462         }
 463     }
 464 #endif
 465
 466 #ifdef no_initialization_needed
 467     /* initialize the hashing stuff */
 468     if (do_unames)
 469     {
 470         init_hash();
 471     }
 472 #endif
 473
 474     /* initialize termcap */
 475     init_termcap(interactive);
 476
 477     /* get the string to use for the process area header */
 478     header_text = format_header(uname_field);
 479
 480     /* initialize display interface */
 481     if ((max_topn = display_init(&statics)) == -1)
 482     {
 483         fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't allocate sufficient memory\n", myname);
 484         exit(4);
 485     }
 486
 487     /* print warning if user requested more processes than we can display */
 488     if (topn > max_topn)
 489     {
 490         fprintf(stderr,
 491                 "%s: warning: this terminal can only display %d processes.\n",
 492                 myname, max_topn);
 493         warnings++;
 494     }
 495
 496     /* adjust for topn == Infinity */
 497     if (topn == Infinity)
 498     {
 499         /*
 500          *  For smart terminals, infinity really means everything that can
 501          *  be displayed, or Largest.
 502          *  On dumb terminals, infinity means every process in the system!
 503          *  We only really want to do that if it was explicitly specified.
 504          *  This is always the case when "Default_TOPN != Infinity".  But if
 505          *  topn wasn't explicitly specified and we are on a dumb terminal
 506          *  and the default is Infinity, then (and only then) we use
 507          *  "Nominal_TOPN" instead.
 508          */
 509 #if Default_TOPN == Infinity
 510         topn = smart_terminal ? Largest :
 511                     (topn_specified ? Largest : Nominal_TOPN);
 512 #else
 513         topn = Largest;
 514 #endif
 515     }
 516
 517     /* set header display accordingly */
 518     display_header(topn > 0);
 519
 520     /* determine interactive state */
 521     if (interactive == Maybe)
 522     {
 523         interactive = smart_terminal;
 524     }
 525
 526     /* if # of displays not specified, fill it in */
 527     if (displays == 0)
 528     {
 529         displays = smart_terminal ? Infinity : 1;
 530     }
 531
 532     /* hold interrupt signals while setting up the screen and the handlers */
 533 #ifdef SIGHOLD
 534     sighold(SIGINT);
 535     sighold(SIGQUIT);
 536     sighold(SIGTSTP);
 537 #else
 538     old_sigmask = sigblock(Smask(SIGINT) | Smask(SIGQUIT) | Smask(SIGTSTP));
 539 #endif
 540     init_screen();
 541     (void) signal(SIGINT, leave);
 542     (void) signal(SIGQUIT, leave);
 543     (void) signal(SIGTSTP, tstop);
 544 #ifdef SIGWINCH
 545     (void) signal(SIGWINCH, winch);
 546 #endif
 547 #ifdef SIGRELSE
 548     sigrelse(SIGINT);
 549     sigrelse(SIGQUIT);
 550     sigrelse(SIGTSTP);
 551 #else
 552     (void) sigsetmask(old_sigmask);
 553 #endif
 554     if (warnings)
 555     {
 556         fputs("....", stderr);
 557         fflush(stderr);                 /* why must I do this? */
 558         sleep((unsigned)(3 * warnings));
 559         fputc('\n', stderr);
 560     }
 561
 562 restart:
 563
 564     /*
 565      *  main loop -- repeat while display count is positive or while it
 566      *          indicates infinity (by being -1)
 567      */
 568
 569     while ((displays == -1) || (displays-- > 0))
 570     {
 571         int (*compare)();
 572
 573
 574         /* get the current stats */
 575         get_system_info(&system_info);
 576
 577 #ifdef ORDER
 578         compare = compares[order_index];
 579 #else
 580         if (displaymode == DISP_CPU)
 581                 compare = proc_compare;
 582         else
 583                 compare = io_compare;
 584 #endif
 585
 586         /* get the current set of processes */
 587         processes =
 588                 get_process_info(&system_info, &ps, compare);
 589
 590         /* display the load averages */
 591         (*d_loadave)(system_info.last_pid,
 592                      system_info.load_avg);
 593
 594         /* display the current time */
 595         /* this method of getting the time SHOULD be fairly portable */
 596         time(&curr_time);
 597         i_uptime(&system_info.boottime, &curr_time);
 598         i_timeofday(&curr_time);
 599
 600         /* display process state breakdown */
 601         (*d_procstates)(system_info.p_total,
 602                         system_info.procstates);
 603
 604         /* display the cpu state percentage breakdown */
 605         if (dostates)   /* but not the first time */
 606         {
 607             (*d_cpustates)(system_info.cpustates);
 608         }
 609         else
 610         {
 611             /* we'll do it next time */
 612             if (smart_terminal)
 613             {
 614                 z_cpustates();
 615             }
 616             else
 617             {
 618                 putchar('\n');
 619             }
 620             dostates = Yes;
 621         }
 622
 623         /* display memory stats */
 624         (*d_memory)(system_info.memory);
 625
 626         /* display swap stats */
 627         (*d_swap)(system_info.swap);
 628
 629         /* handle message area */
 630         (*d_message)();
 631
 632         /* update the header area */
 633         (*d_header)(header_text);
 634
 635         if (topn > 0)
 636         {
 637             /* determine number of processes to actually display */
 638             /* this number will be the smallest of:  active processes,
 639                number user requested, number current screen accomodates */
 640             active_procs = system_info.P_ACTIVE;
 641             if (active_procs > topn)
 642             {
 643                 active_procs = topn;
 644             }
 645             if (active_procs > max_topn)
 646             {
 647                 active_procs = max_topn;
 648             }
 649
 650             /* now show the top "n" processes. */
 651             for (i = 0; i < active_procs; i++)
 652             {
 653                 (*d_process)(i, format_next_process(processes, get_userid));
 654             }
 655         }
 656         else
 657         {
 658             i = 0;
 659         }
 660
 661         /* do end-screen processing */
 662         u_endscreen(i);
 663
 664         /* now, flush the output buffer */
 665         if (fflush(stdout) != 0)
 666         {
 667             new_message(MT_standout, " Write error on stdout");
 668             putchar('\r');
 669             quit(1);
 670             /*NOTREACHED*/
 671         }
 672
 673         /* only do the rest if we have more displays to show */
 674         if (displays)
 675         {
 676             /* switch out for new display on smart terminals */
 677             if (smart_terminal)
 678             {
 679                 if (overstrike)
 680                 {
 681                     reset_display();
 682                 }
 683                 else
 684                 {
 685                     d_loadave = u_loadave;
 686                     d_procstates = u_procstates;
 687                     d_cpustates = u_cpustates;
 688                     d_memory = u_memory;
 689                     d_swap = u_swap;
 690                     d_message = u_message;
 691                     d_header = u_header;
 692                     d_process = u_process;
 693                 }
 694             }
 695
 696             no_command = Yes;
 697             if (!interactive)
 698             {
 699                 /* set up alarm */
 700                 (void) signal(SIGALRM, onalrm);
 701                 (void) alarm((unsigned)delay);
 702
 703                 /* wait for the rest of it .... */
 704                 pause();
 705             }
 706             else while (no_command)
 707             {
 708                 /* assume valid command unless told otherwise */
 709                 no_command = No;
 710
 711                 /* set up arguments for select with timeout */
 712                 FD_ZERO(&readfds);
 713                 FD_SET(0, &readfds);            /* for standard input */
 714                 timeout.tv_sec  = delay;
 715                 timeout.tv_usec = 0;
 716
 717                 if (leaveflag) {
 718                     end_screen();
 719                     exit(0);
 720                 }
 721
 722                 if (tstopflag) {
 723                     /* move to the lower left */
 724                     end_screen();
 725                     fflush(stdout);
 726
 727                     /* default the signal handler action */
 728                     (void) signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_DFL);
 729
 730                     /* unblock the signal and send ourselves one */
 731 #ifdef SIGRELSE
 732                     sigrelse(SIGTSTP);
 733 #else
 734                     (void) sigsetmask(sigblock(0) & ~(1 << (SIGTSTP - 1)));
 735 #endif
 736                     (void) kill(0, SIGTSTP);
 737
 738                     /* reset the signal handler */
 739                     (void) signal(SIGTSTP, tstop);
 740
 741                     /* reinit screen */
 742                     reinit_screen();
 743                     reset_display();
 744                     tstopflag = 0;
 745                     goto restart;
 746                 }
 747
 748                 if (winchflag) {
 749                     /* reascertain the screen dimensions */
 750                     get_screensize();
 751
 752                     /* tell display to resize */
 753                     max_topn = display_resize();
 754
 755                     /* reset the signal handler */
 756                     (void) signal(SIGWINCH, winch);
 757
 758                     reset_display();
 759                     winchflag = 0;
 760                     goto restart;
 761                 }
 762
 763                 /* wait for either input or the end of the delay period */
 764                 sel_ret = select(2, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
 765                 if (sel_ret < 0 && errno != EINTR)
 766                     quit(0);
 767                 if (sel_ret > 0)
 768                 {
 769                     int newval;
 770                     char *errmsg;
 771
 772                     /* something to read -- clear the message area first */
 773                     clear_message();
 774
 775                     /* now read it and convert to command strchr */
 776                     /* (use "change" as a temporary to hold strchr) */
 777                     if (read(0, &ch, 1) != 1)
 778                     {
 779                         /* read error: either 0 or -1 */
 780                         new_message(MT_standout, " Read error on stdin");
 781                         putchar('\r');
 782                         quit(1);
 783                         /*NOTREACHED*/
 784                     }
 785                     if ((iptr = strchr(command_chars, ch)) == NULL)
 786                     {
 787                         if (ch != '\r' && ch != '\n')
 788                         {
 789                             /* illegal command */
 790                             new_message(MT_standout, " Command not understood");
 791                         }
 792                         putchar('\r');
 793                         no_command = Yes;
 794                     }
 795                     else
 796                     {
 797                         change = iptr - command_chars;
 798                         if (overstrike && change > CMD_OSLIMIT)
 799                         {
 800                             /* error */
 801                             new_message(MT_standout,
 802                             " Command cannot be handled by this terminal");
 803                             putchar('\r');
 804                             no_command = Yes;
 805                         }
 806                         else switch(change)
 807                         {
 808                             case CMD_redraw:    /* redraw screen */
 809                                 reset_display();
 810                                 break;
 811
 812                             case CMD_update:    /* merely update display */
 813                                 /* is the load average high? */
 814                                 if (system_info.load_avg[0] > LoadMax)
 815                                 {
 816                                     /* yes, go home for visual feedback */
 817                                     go_home();
 818                                     fflush(stdout);
 819                                 }
 820                                 break;
 821
 822                             case CMD_quit:      /* quit */
 823                                 quit(0);
 824                                 /*NOTREACHED*/
 825                                 break;
 826
 827                             case CMD_help1:     /* help */
 828                             case CMD_help2:
 829                                 reset_display();
 830                                 clear();
 831                                 show_help();
 832                                 standout("Hit any key to continue: ");
 833                                 fflush(stdout);
 834                                 (void) read(0, &ch, 1);
 835                                 break;
 836
 837                             case CMD_errors:    /* show errors */
 838                                 if (error_count() == 0)
 839                                 {
 840                                     new_message(MT_standout,
 841                                         " Currently no errors to report.");
 842                                     putchar('\r');
 843                                     no_command = Yes;
 844                                 }
 845                                 else
 846                                 {
 847                                     reset_display();
 848                                     clear();
 849                                     show_errors();
 850                                     standout("Hit any key to continue: ");
 851                                     fflush(stdout);
 852                                     (void) read(0, &ch, 1);
 853                                 }
 854                                 break;
 855
 856                             case CMD_number1:   /* new number */
 857                             case CMD_number2:
 858                                 new_message(MT_standout,
 859                                     "Number of processes to show: ");
 860                                 newval = readline(tempbuf1, 8, Yes);
 861                                 if (newval > -1)
 862                                 {
 863                                     if (newval > max_topn)
 864                                     {
 865                                         new_message(MT_standout | MT_delayed,
 866                                           " This terminal can only display %d processes.",
 867                                           max_topn);
 868                                         putchar('\r');
 869                                     }
 870
 871                                     if (newval == 0)
 872                                     {
 873                                         /* inhibit the header */
 874                                         display_header(No);
 875                                     }
 876                                     else if (newval > topn && topn == 0)
 877                                     {
 878                                         /* redraw the header */
 879                                         display_header(Yes);
 880                                         d_header = i_header;
 881                                     }
 882                                     topn = newval;
 883                                 }
 884                                 break;
 885
 886                             case CMD_delay:     /* new seconds delay */
 887                                 new_message(MT_standout, "Seconds to delay: ");
 888                                 if ((i = readline(tempbuf1, 8, Yes)) > -1)
 889                                 {
 890                                     if ((delay = i) == 0 && getuid() != 0)
 891                                     {
 892                                         delay = 1;
 893                                     }
 894                                 }
 895                                 clear_message();
 896                                 break;
 897
 898                             case CMD_displays:  /* change display count */
 899                                 new_message(MT_standout,
 900                                         "Displays to show (currently %s): ",
 901                                         displays == -1 ? "infinite" :
 902                                                          itoa(displays));
 903                                 if ((i = readline(tempbuf1, 10, Yes)) > 0)
 904                                 {
 905                                     displays = i;
 906                                 }
 907                                 else if (i == 0)
 908                                 {
 909                                     quit(0);
 910                                 }
 911                                 clear_message();
 912                                 break;
 913
 914                             case CMD_kill:      /* kill program */
 915                                 new_message(0, "kill ");
 916                                 if (readline(tempbuf2, sizeof(tempbuf2), No) > 0)
 917                                 {
 918                                     if ((errmsg = kill_procs(tempbuf2)) != NULL)
 919                                     {
 920                                         new_message(MT_standout, "%s", errmsg);
 921                                         putchar('\r');
 922                                         no_command = Yes;
 923                                     }
 924                                 }
 925                                 else
 926                                 {
 927                                     clear_message();
 928                                 }
 929                                 break;
 930
 931                             case CMD_renice:    /* renice program */
 932                                 new_message(0, "renice ");
 933                                 if (readline(tempbuf2, sizeof(tempbuf2), No) > 0)
 934                                 {
 935                                     if ((errmsg = renice_procs(tempbuf2)) != NULL)
 936                                     {
 937                                         new_message(MT_standout, "%s", errmsg);
 938                                         putchar('\r');
 939                                         no_command = Yes;
 940                                     }
 941                                 }
 942                                 else
 943                                 {
 944                                     clear_message();
 945                                 }
 946                                 break;
 947
 948                             case CMD_idletog:
 949                             case CMD_idletog2:
 950                                 ps.idle = !ps.idle;
 951                                 new_message(MT_standout | MT_delayed,
 952                                     " %sisplaying idle processes.",
 953                                     ps.idle ? "D" : "Not d");
 954                                 putchar('\r');
 955                                 break;
 956
 957                             case CMD_selftog:
 958                                 ps.self = (ps.self == -1) ? getpid() : -1;
 959                                 new_message(MT_standout | MT_delayed,
 960                                     " %sisplaying self.",
 961                                     (ps.self == -1) ? "D" : "Not d");
 962                                 putchar('\r');
 963                                 break;
 964
 965                             case CMD_user:
 966                                 new_message(MT_standout,
 967                                     "Username to show: ");
 968                                 if (readline(tempbuf2, sizeof(tempbuf2), No) > 0)
 969                                 {
 970                                     if (tempbuf2[0] == '+' &&
 971                                         tempbuf2[1] == '\0')
 972                                     {
 973                                         ps.uid = -1;
 974                                     }
 975                                     else if ((i = userid(tempbuf2)) == -1)
 976                                     {
 977                                         new_message(MT_standout,
 978                                             " %s: unknown user", tempbuf2);
 979                                         no_command = Yes;
 980                                     }
 981                                     else
 982                                     {
 983                                         ps.uid = i;
 984                                     }
 985                                     putchar('\r');
 986                                 }
 987                                 else
 988                                 {
 989                                     clear_message();
 990                                 }
 991                                 break;
 992
 993                             case CMD_thrtog:
 994                                 ps.thread = !ps.thread;
 995                                 new_message(MT_standout | MT_delayed,
 996                                     "Displaying threads %s",
 997                                     ps.thread ? "separately" : "as a count");
 998                                 header_text = format_header(uname_field);
 999                                 reset_display();
1000                                 putchar('\r');
1001                                 break;
1002                             case CMD_wcputog:
1003                                 ps.wcpu = !ps.wcpu;
1004                                 new_message(MT_standout | MT_delayed,
1005                                     "Displaying %sCPU",
1006                                     ps.wcpu ? "W" : "");
1007                                 header_text = format_header(uname_field);
1008                                 reset_display();
1009                                 putchar('\r');
1010                                 break;
1011                             case CMD_viewtog:
1012                                 if (++displaymode == DISP_MAX)
1013                                         displaymode = 0;
1014                                 header_text = format_header(uname_field);
1015                                 display_header(Yes);
1016                                 d_header = i_header;
1017                                 reset_display();
1018                                 break;
1019                             case CMD_viewsys:
1020                                 ps.system = !ps.system;
1021                                 break;
1022 #ifdef ORDER
1023                             case CMD_order:
1024                                 new_message(MT_standout,
1025                                     "Order to sort: ");
1026                                 if (readline(tempbuf2, sizeof(tempbuf2), No) > 0)
1027                                 {
1028                                   if ((i = string_index(tempbuf2, statics.order_names)) == -1)
1029                                         {
1030                                           new_message(MT_standout,
1031                                               " %s: unrecognized sorting order", tempbuf2);
1032                                           no_command = Yes;
1033                                     }
1034                                     else
1035                                     {
1036                                         order_index = i;
1037                                     }
1038                                     putchar('\r');
1039                                 }
1040                                 else
1041                                 {
1042                                     clear_message();
1043                                 }
1044                                 break;
1045 #endif
1046
1047                             default:
1048                                 new_message(MT_standout, " BAD CASE IN SWITCH!");
1049                                 putchar('\r');
1050                         }
1051                     }
1052
1053                     /* flush out stuff that may have been written */
1054                     fflush(stdout);
1055                 }
1056             }
1057         }
1058     }
1059
1060 #ifdef DEBUG
1061     fclose(debug);
1062 #endif
1063     quit(0);
1064     /*NOTREACHED*/
1065 }
1066
1067 /*
1068  *  reset_display() - reset all the display routine pointers so that entire
1069  *      screen will get redrawn.
1070  */
1071
1072 reset_display()
1073
1074 {
1075     d_loadave    = i_loadave;
1076     d_procstates = i_procstates;
1077     d_cpustates  = i_cpustates;
1078     d_memory     = i_memory;
1079     d_swap       = i_swap;
1080     d_message    = i_message;
1081     d_header     = i_header;
1082     d_process    = i_process;
1083 }
1084
1085 /*
1086  *  signal handlers
1087  */
1088
1089 sigret_t leave()        /* exit under normal conditions -- INT handler */
1090
1091 {
1092     leaveflag = 1;
1093 }
1094
1095 sigret_t tstop(i)       /* SIGTSTP handler */
1096
1097 int i;
1098
1099 {
1100     tstopflag = 1;
1101 }
1102
1103 #ifdef SIGWINCH
1104 sigret_t winch(i)               /* SIGWINCH handler */
1105
1106 int i;
1107
1108 {
1109     winchflag = 1;
1110 }
1111 #endif
1112
1113 void quit(status)               /* exit under duress */
1114
1115 int status;
1116
1117 {
1118     end_screen();
1119     exit(status);
1120     /*NOTREACHED*/
1121 }
1122
1123 sigret_t onalrm()       /* SIGALRM handler */
1124
1125 {
1126     /* this is only used in batch mode to break out of the pause() */
1127     /* return; */
1128 }
1129