2 # Example configuration file.
4 # See unbound.conf(5) man page, version 1.9.2.
8 #Use this to include other text into the file.
9 #include: "otherfile.conf"
11 # The server clause sets the main parameters.
13 # whitespace is not necessary, but looks cleaner.
15 # verbosity number, 0 is least verbose. 1 is default.
18 # print statistics to the log (for every thread) every N seconds.
19 # Set to "" or 0 to disable. Default is disabled.
20 # statistics-interval: 0
22 # enable shm for stats, default no. if you enable also enable
23 # statistics-interval, every time it also writes stats to the
24 # shared memory segment keyed with shm-key.
27 # shm for stats uses this key, and key+1 for the shared mem segment.
30 # enable cumulative statistics, without clearing them after printing.
31 # statistics-cumulative: no
33 # enable extended statistics (query types, answer codes, status)
34 # printed from unbound-control. default off, because of speed.
35 # extended-statistics: no
37 # number of threads to create. 1 disables threading.
40 # specify the interfaces to answer queries from by ip-address.
41 # The default is to listen to localhost (127.0.0.1 and ::1).
42 # specify 0.0.0.0 and ::0 to bind to all available interfaces.
43 # specify every interface[@port] on a new 'interface:' labelled line.
44 # The listen interfaces are not changed on reload, only on restart.
45 # interface: 192.0.2.153
46 # interface: 192.0.2.154
47 # interface: 192.0.2.154@5003
48 # interface: 2001:DB8::5
50 # enable this feature to copy the source address of queries to reply.
51 # Socket options are not supported on all platforms. experimental.
52 # interface-automatic: no
54 # port to answer queries from
57 # specify the interfaces to send outgoing queries to authoritative
58 # server from by ip-address. If none, the default (all) interface
59 # is used. Specify every interface on a 'outgoing-interface:' line.
60 # outgoing-interface: 192.0.2.153
61 # outgoing-interface: 2001:DB8::5
62 # outgoing-interface: 2001:DB8::6
64 # Specify a netblock to use remainder 64 bits as random bits for
65 # upstream queries. Uses freebind option (Linux).
66 # outgoing-interface: 2001:DB8::/64
67 # Also (Linux:) ip -6 addr add 2001:db8::/64 dev lo
68 # And: ip -6 route add local 2001:db8::/64 dev lo
69 # And set prefer-ip6: yes to use the ip6 randomness from a netblock.
70 # Set this to yes to prefer ipv6 upstream servers over ipv4.
73 # number of ports to allocate per thread, determines the size of the
74 # port range that can be open simultaneously. About double the
75 # num-queries-per-thread, or, use as many as the OS will allow you.
76 # outgoing-range: 4096
78 # permit unbound to use this port number or port range for
79 # making outgoing queries, using an outgoing interface.
80 # outgoing-port-permit: 32768
82 # deny unbound the use this of port number or port range for
83 # making outgoing queries, using an outgoing interface.
84 # Use this to make sure unbound does not grab a UDP port that some
85 # other server on this computer needs. The default is to avoid
86 # IANA-assigned port numbers.
87 # If multiple outgoing-port-permit and outgoing-port-avoid options
88 # are present, they are processed in order.
89 # outgoing-port-avoid: "3200-3208"
91 # number of outgoing simultaneous tcp buffers to hold per thread.
92 # outgoing-num-tcp: 10
94 # number of incoming simultaneous tcp buffers to hold per thread.
95 # incoming-num-tcp: 10
97 # buffer size for UDP port 53 incoming (SO_RCVBUF socket option).
98 # 0 is system default. Use 4m to catch query spikes for busy servers.
101 # buffer size for UDP port 53 outgoing (SO_SNDBUF socket option).
102 # 0 is system default. Use 4m to handle spikes on very busy servers.
105 # use SO_REUSEPORT to distribute queries over threads.
106 # at extreme load it could be better to turn it off to distribute even.
109 # use IP_TRANSPARENT so the interface: addresses can be non-local
110 # and you can config non-existing IPs that are going to work later on
111 # (uses IP_BINDANY on FreeBSD).
114 # use IP_FREEBIND so the interface: addresses can be non-local
115 # and you can bind to nonexisting IPs and interfaces that are down.
116 # Linux only. On Linux you also have ip-transparent that is similar.
119 # EDNS reassembly buffer to advertise to UDP peers (the actual buffer
120 # is set with msg-buffer-size). 1472 can solve fragmentation (timeouts)
121 # edns-buffer-size: 4096
123 # Maximum UDP response size (not applied to TCP response).
124 # Suggested values are 512 to 4096. Default is 4096. 65536 disables it.
127 # max memory to use for stream(tcp and tls) waiting result buffers.
128 # stream-wait-size: 4m
130 # buffer size for handling DNS data. No messages larger than this
131 # size can be sent or received, by UDP or TCP. In bytes.
132 # msg-buffer-size: 65552
134 # the amount of memory to use for the message cache.
135 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "4Mb".
138 # the number of slabs to use for the message cache.
139 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2.
140 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage.
143 # the number of queries that a thread gets to service.
144 # num-queries-per-thread: 1024
146 # if very busy, 50% queries run to completion, 50% get timeout in msec
147 # jostle-timeout: 200
149 # msec to wait before close of port on timeout UDP. 0 disables.
152 # msec for waiting for an unknown server to reply. Increase if you
153 # are behind a slow satellite link, to eg. 1128.
154 # unknown-server-time-limit: 376
156 # the amount of memory to use for the RRset cache.
157 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "4Mb".
158 # rrset-cache-size: 4m
160 # the number of slabs to use for the RRset cache.
161 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2.
162 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage.
163 # rrset-cache-slabs: 4
165 # the time to live (TTL) value lower bound, in seconds. Default 0.
166 # If more than an hour could easily give trouble due to stale data.
169 # the time to live (TTL) value cap for RRsets and messages in the
170 # cache. Items are not cached for longer. In seconds.
171 # cache-max-ttl: 86400
173 # the time to live (TTL) value cap for negative responses in the cache
174 # cache-max-negative-ttl: 3600
176 # the time to live (TTL) value for cached roundtrip times, lameness and
177 # EDNS version information for hosts. In seconds.
178 # infra-host-ttl: 900
180 # minimum wait time for responses, increase if uplink is long. In msec.
181 # infra-cache-min-rtt: 50
183 # the number of slabs to use for the Infrastructure cache.
184 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2.
185 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage.
186 # infra-cache-slabs: 4
188 # the maximum number of hosts that are cached (roundtrip, EDNS, lame).
189 # infra-cache-numhosts: 10000
191 # define a number of tags here, use with local-zone, access-control.
192 # repeat the define-tag statement to add additional tags.
193 # define-tag: "tag1 tag2 tag3"
195 # Enable IPv4, "yes" or "no".
198 # Enable IPv6, "yes" or "no".
201 # Enable UDP, "yes" or "no".
204 # Enable TCP, "yes" or "no".
207 # upstream connections use TCP only (and no UDP), "yes" or "no"
208 # useful for tunneling scenarios, default no.
211 # upstream connections also use UDP (even if do-udp is no).
212 # useful if if you want UDP upstream, but don't provide UDP downstream.
213 # udp-upstream-without-downstream: no
215 # Maximum segment size (MSS) of TCP socket on which the server
216 # responds to queries. Default is 0, system default MSS.
219 # Maximum segment size (MSS) of TCP socket for outgoing queries.
220 # Default is 0, system default MSS.
221 # outgoing-tcp-mss: 0
223 # Idle TCP timeout, connection closed in milliseconds
224 # tcp-idle-timeout: 30000
226 # Enable EDNS TCP keepalive option.
227 # edns-tcp-keepalive: no
229 # Timeout for EDNS TCP keepalive, in msec.
230 # edns-tcp-keepalive-timeout: 120000
232 # Use systemd socket activation for UDP, TCP, and control sockets.
235 # Detach from the terminal, run in background, "yes" or "no".
236 # Set the value to "no" when unbound runs as systemd service.
239 # control which clients are allowed to make (recursive) queries
240 # to this server. Specify classless netblocks with /size and action.
241 # By default everything is refused, except for localhost.
242 # Choose deny (drop message), refuse (polite error reply),
243 # allow (recursive ok), allow_setrd (recursive ok, rd bit is forced on),
244 # allow_snoop (recursive and nonrecursive ok)
245 # deny_non_local (drop queries unless can be answered from local-data)
246 # refuse_non_local (like deny_non_local but polite error reply).
247 # access-control: 0.0.0.0/0 refuse
248 # access-control: 127.0.0.0/8 allow
249 # access-control: ::0/0 refuse
250 # access-control: ::1 allow
251 # access-control: ::ffff:127.0.0.1 allow
253 # tag access-control with list of tags (in "" with spaces between)
254 # Clients using this access control element use localzones that
255 # are tagged with one of these tags.
256 # access-control-tag: 192.0.2.0/24 "tag2 tag3"
258 # set action for particular tag for given access control element
259 # if you have multiple tag values, the tag used to lookup the action
260 # is the first tag match between access-control-tag and local-zone-tag
261 # where "first" comes from the order of the define-tag values.
262 # access-control-tag-action: 192.0.2.0/24 tag3 refuse
264 # set redirect data for particular tag for access control element
265 # access-control-tag-data: 192.0.2.0/24 tag2 "A 127.0.0.1"
267 # Set view for access control element
268 # access-control-view: 192.0.2.0/24 viewname
270 # if given, a chroot(2) is done to the given directory.
271 # i.e. you can chroot to the working directory, for example,
272 # for extra security, but make sure all files are in that directory.
274 # If chroot is enabled, you should pass the configfile (from the
275 # commandline) as a full path from the original root. After the
276 # chroot has been performed the now defunct portion of the config
277 # file path is removed to be able to reread the config after a reload.
279 # All other file paths (working dir, logfile, roothints, and
280 # key files) can be specified in several ways:
281 # o as an absolute path relative to the new root.
282 # o as a relative path to the working directory.
283 # o as an absolute path relative to the original root.
284 # In the last case the path is adjusted to remove the unused portion.
286 # The pid file can be absolute and outside of the chroot, it is
287 # written just prior to performing the chroot and dropping permissions.
289 # Additionally, unbound may need to access /dev/random (for entropy).
290 # How to do this is specific to your OS.
292 # If you give "" no chroot is performed. The path must not end in a /.
293 # chroot: "@UNBOUND_CHROOT_DIR@"
295 # if given, user privileges are dropped (after binding port),
296 # and the given username is assumed. Default is user "unbound".
297 # If you give "" no privileges are dropped.
298 # username: "@UNBOUND_USERNAME@"
300 # the working directory. The relative files in this config are
301 # relative to this directory. If you give "" the working directory
303 # If you give a server: directory: dir before include: file statements
304 # then those includes can be relative to the working directory.
305 # directory: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@"
307 # the log file, "" means log to stderr.
308 # Use of this option sets use-syslog to "no".
311 # Log to syslog(3) if yes. The log facility LOG_DAEMON is used to
312 # log to. If yes, it overrides the logfile.
315 # Log identity to report. if empty, defaults to the name of argv[0]
316 # (usually "unbound").
319 # print UTC timestamp in ascii to logfile, default is epoch in seconds.
322 # print one line with time, IP, name, type, class for every query.
325 # print one line per reply, with time, IP, name, type, class, rcode,
326 # timetoresolve, fromcache and responsesize.
329 # log with tag 'query' and 'reply' instead of 'info' for
330 # filtering log-queries and log-replies from the log.
331 # log-tag-queryreply: no
333 # log the local-zone actions, like local-zone type inform is enabled
334 # also for the other local zone types.
335 # log-local-actions: no
337 # print log lines that say why queries return SERVFAIL to clients.
340 # the pid file. Can be an absolute path outside of chroot/work dir.
341 # pidfile: "@UNBOUND_PIDFILE@"
343 # file to read root hints from.
344 # get one from https://www.internic.net/domain/named.cache
347 # enable to not answer id.server and hostname.bind queries.
350 # enable to not answer version.server and version.bind queries.
353 # enable to not answer trustanchor.unbound queries.
354 # hide-trustanchor: no
356 # the identity to report. Leave "" or default to return hostname.
359 # the version to report. Leave "" or default to return package version.
362 # the target fetch policy.
363 # series of integers describing the policy per dependency depth.
364 # The number of values in the list determines the maximum dependency
365 # depth the recursor will pursue before giving up. Each integer means:
366 # -1 : fetch all targets opportunistically,
367 # 0: fetch on demand,
368 # positive value: fetch that many targets opportunistically.
369 # Enclose the list of numbers between quotes ("").
370 # target-fetch-policy: "3 2 1 0 0"
372 # Harden against very small EDNS buffer sizes.
373 # harden-short-bufsize: no
375 # Harden against unseemly large queries.
376 # harden-large-queries: no
378 # Harden against out of zone rrsets, to avoid spoofing attempts.
381 # Harden against receiving dnssec-stripped data. If you turn it
382 # off, failing to validate dnskey data for a trustanchor will
383 # trigger insecure mode for that zone (like without a trustanchor).
384 # Default on, which insists on dnssec data for trust-anchored zones.
385 # harden-dnssec-stripped: yes
387 # Harden against queries that fall under dnssec-signed nxdomain names.
388 # harden-below-nxdomain: yes
390 # Harden the referral path by performing additional queries for
391 # infrastructure data. Validates the replies (if possible).
392 # Default off, because the lookups burden the server. Experimental
393 # implementation of draft-wijngaards-dnsext-resolver-side-mitigation.
394 # harden-referral-path: no
396 # Harden against algorithm downgrade when multiple algorithms are
397 # advertised in the DS record. If no, allows the weakest algorithm
398 # to validate the zone.
399 # harden-algo-downgrade: no
401 # Sent minimum amount of information to upstream servers to enhance
402 # privacy. Only sent minimum required labels of the QNAME and set QTYPE
403 # to A when possible.
404 # qname-minimisation: yes
406 # QNAME minimisation in strict mode. Do not fall-back to sending full
407 # QNAME to potentially broken nameservers. A lot of domains will not be
408 # resolvable when this option in enabled.
409 # This option only has effect when qname-minimisation is enabled.
410 # qname-minimisation-strict: no
412 # Aggressive NSEC uses the DNSSEC NSEC chain to synthesize NXDOMAIN
413 # and other denials, using information from previous NXDOMAINs answers.
414 # aggressive-nsec: no
416 # Use 0x20-encoded random bits in the query to foil spoof attempts.
417 # This feature is an experimental implementation of draft dns-0x20.
418 # use-caps-for-id: no
420 # Domains (and domains in them) without support for dns-0x20 and
421 # the fallback fails because they keep sending different answers.
422 # caps-whitelist: "licdn.com"
423 # caps-whitelist: "senderbase.org"
425 # Enforce privacy of these addresses. Strips them away from answers.
426 # It may cause DNSSEC validation to additionally mark it as bogus.
427 # Protects against 'DNS Rebinding' (uses browser as network proxy).
428 # Only 'private-domain' and 'local-data' names are allowed to have
429 # these private addresses. No default.
430 # private-address: 10.0.0.0/8
431 # private-address: 172.16.0.0/12
432 # private-address: 192.168.0.0/16
433 # private-address: 169.254.0.0/16
434 # private-address: fd00::/8
435 # private-address: fe80::/10
436 # private-address: ::ffff:0:0/96
438 # Allow the domain (and its subdomains) to contain private addresses.
439 # local-data statements are allowed to contain private addresses too.
440 # private-domain: "example.com"
442 # If nonzero, unwanted replies are not only reported in statistics,
443 # but also a running total is kept per thread. If it reaches the
444 # threshold, a warning is printed and a defensive action is taken,
445 # the cache is cleared to flush potential poison out of it.
446 # A suggested value is 10000000, the default is 0 (turned off).
447 # unwanted-reply-threshold: 0
449 # Do not query the following addresses. No DNS queries are sent there.
450 # List one address per entry. List classless netblocks with /size,
451 # do-not-query-address: 127.0.0.1/8
452 # do-not-query-address: ::1
454 # if yes, the above default do-not-query-address entries are present.
455 # if no, localhost can be queried (for testing and debugging).
456 # do-not-query-localhost: yes
458 # if yes, perform prefetching of almost expired message cache entries.
461 # if yes, perform key lookups adjacent to normal lookups.
464 # deny queries of type ANY with an empty response.
467 # if yes, Unbound rotates RRSet order in response.
468 # rrset-roundrobin: no
470 # if yes, Unbound doesn't insert authority/additional sections
471 # into response messages when those sections are not required.
472 # minimal-responses: yes
474 # true to disable DNSSEC lameness check in iterator.
475 # disable-dnssec-lame-check: no
477 # module configuration of the server. A string with identifiers
478 # separated by spaces. Syntax: "[dns64] [validator] iterator"
479 # most modules have to be listed at the beginning of the line,
480 # except cachedb(just before iterator), and python (at the beginning,
481 # or, just before the iterator).
482 # module-config: "validator iterator"
484 # File with trusted keys, kept uptodate using RFC5011 probes,
485 # initial file like trust-anchor-file, then it stores metadata.
486 # Use several entries, one per domain name, to track multiple zones.
488 # If you want to perform DNSSEC validation, run unbound-anchor before
489 # you start unbound (i.e. in the system boot scripts). And enable:
490 # Please note usage of unbound-anchor root anchor is at your own risk
491 # and under the terms of our LICENSE (see that file in the source).
492 # auto-trust-anchor-file: "@UNBOUND_ROOTKEY_FILE@"
494 # trust anchor signaling sends a RFC8145 key tag query after priming.
495 # trust-anchor-signaling: yes
497 # Root key trust anchor sentinel (draft-ietf-dnsop-kskroll-sentinel)
498 # root-key-sentinel: yes
500 # File with DLV trusted keys. Same format as trust-anchor-file.
501 # There can be only one DLV configured, it is trusted from root down.
502 # DLV is going to be decommissioned. Please do not use it any more.
503 # dlv-anchor-file: "dlv.isc.org.key"
505 # File with trusted keys for validation. Specify more than one file
506 # with several entries, one file per entry.
507 # Zone file format, with DS and DNSKEY entries.
508 # Note this gets out of date, use auto-trust-anchor-file please.
509 # trust-anchor-file: ""
511 # Trusted key for validation. DS or DNSKEY. specify the RR on a
512 # single line, surrounded by "". TTL is ignored. class is IN default.
513 # Note this gets out of date, use auto-trust-anchor-file please.
514 # (These examples are from August 2007 and may not be valid anymore).
515 # trust-anchor: "nlnetlabs.nl. DNSKEY 257 3 5 AQPzzTWMz8qSWIQlfRnPckx2BiVmkVN6LPupO3mbz7FhLSnm26n6iG9N Lby97Ji453aWZY3M5/xJBSOS2vWtco2t8C0+xeO1bc/d6ZTy32DHchpW 6rDH1vp86Ll+ha0tmwyy9QP7y2bVw5zSbFCrefk8qCUBgfHm9bHzMG1U BYtEIQ=="
516 # trust-anchor: "jelte.nlnetlabs.nl. DS 42860 5 1 14D739EB566D2B1A5E216A0BA4D17FA9B038BE4A"
518 # File with trusted keys for validation. Specify more than one file
519 # with several entries, one file per entry. Like trust-anchor-file
520 # but has a different file format. Format is BIND-9 style format,
521 # the trusted-keys { name flag proto algo "key"; }; clauses are read.
522 # you need external update procedures to track changes in keys.
523 # trusted-keys-file: ""
525 # Ignore chain of trust. Domain is treated as insecure.
526 # domain-insecure: "example.com"
528 # Override the date for validation with a specific fixed date.
529 # Do not set this unless you are debugging signature inception
530 # and expiration. "" or "0" turns the feature off. -1 ignores date.
531 # val-override-date: ""
533 # The time to live for bogus data, rrsets and messages. This avoids
534 # some of the revalidation, until the time interval expires. in secs.
537 # The signature inception and expiration dates are allowed to be off
538 # by 10% of the signature lifetime (expir-incep) from our local clock.
539 # This leeway is capped with a minimum and a maximum. In seconds.
540 # val-sig-skew-min: 3600
541 # val-sig-skew-max: 86400
543 # Should additional section of secure message also be kept clean of
544 # unsecure data. Useful to shield the users of this validator from
545 # potential bogus data in the additional section. All unsigned data
546 # in the additional section is removed from secure messages.
547 # val-clean-additional: yes
549 # Turn permissive mode on to permit bogus messages. Thus, messages
550 # for which security checks failed will be returned to clients,
551 # instead of SERVFAIL. It still performs the security checks, which
552 # result in interesting log files and possibly the AD bit in
553 # replies if the message is found secure. The default is off.
554 # val-permissive-mode: no
556 # Ignore the CD flag in incoming queries and refuse them bogus data.
557 # Enable it if the only clients of unbound are legacy servers (w2008)
558 # that set CD but cannot validate themselves.
561 # Serve expired responses from cache, with TTL 0 in the response,
562 # and then attempt to fetch the data afresh.
565 # Limit serving of expired responses to configured seconds after
566 # expiration. 0 disables the limit.
567 # serve-expired-ttl: 0
569 # Set the TTL of expired records to the serve-expired-ttl value after a
570 # failed attempt to retrieve the record from upstream. This makes sure
571 # that the expired records will be served as long as there are queries
573 # serve-expired-ttl-reset: no
575 # Have the validator log failed validations for your diagnosis.
576 # 0: off. 1: A line per failed user query. 2: With reason and bad IP.
579 # It is possible to configure NSEC3 maximum iteration counts per
580 # keysize. Keep this table very short, as linear search is done.
581 # A message with an NSEC3 with larger count is marked insecure.
582 # List in ascending order the keysize and count values.
583 # val-nsec3-keysize-iterations: "1024 150 2048 500 4096 2500"
585 # instruct the auto-trust-anchor-file probing to add anchors after ttl.
586 # add-holddown: 2592000 # 30 days
588 # instruct the auto-trust-anchor-file probing to del anchors after ttl.
589 # del-holddown: 2592000 # 30 days
591 # auto-trust-anchor-file probing removes missing anchors after ttl.
592 # If the value 0 is given, missing anchors are not removed.
593 # keep-missing: 31622400 # 366 days
595 # debug option that allows very small holddown times for key rollover,
596 # otherwise the RFC mandates probe intervals must be at least 1 hour.
597 # permit-small-holddown: no
599 # the amount of memory to use for the key cache.
600 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "4Mb".
603 # the number of slabs to use for the key cache.
604 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2.
605 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage.
608 # the amount of memory to use for the negative cache (used for DLV).
609 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "1Mb".
612 # By default, for a number of zones a small default 'nothing here'
613 # reply is built-in. Query traffic is thus blocked. If you
614 # wish to serve such zone you can unblock them by uncommenting one
615 # of the nodefault statements below.
616 # You may also have to use domain-insecure: zone to make DNSSEC work,
617 # unless you have your own trust anchors for this zone.
618 # local-zone: "localhost." nodefault
619 # local-zone: "127.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
620 # local-zone: "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa." nodefault
621 # local-zone: "onion." nodefault
622 # local-zone: "test." nodefault
623 # local-zone: "invalid." nodefault
624 # local-zone: "10.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
625 # local-zone: "16.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
626 # local-zone: "17.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
627 # local-zone: "18.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
628 # local-zone: "19.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
629 # local-zone: "20.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
630 # local-zone: "21.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
631 # local-zone: "22.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
632 # local-zone: "23.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
633 # local-zone: "24.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
634 # local-zone: "25.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
635 # local-zone: "26.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
636 # local-zone: "27.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
637 # local-zone: "28.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
638 # local-zone: "29.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
639 # local-zone: "30.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
640 # local-zone: "31.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
641 # local-zone: "168.192.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
642 # local-zone: "0.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
643 # local-zone: "254.169.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
644 # local-zone: "2.0.192.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
645 # local-zone: "100.51.198.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
646 # local-zone: "113.0.203.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
647 # local-zone: "255.255.255.255.in-addr.arpa." nodefault
648 # local-zone: "0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa." nodefault
649 # local-zone: "d.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault
650 # local-zone: "8.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault
651 # local-zone: "9.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault
652 # local-zone: "a.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault
653 # local-zone: "b.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault
654 # local-zone: "8.b.d.0.1.0.0.2.ip6.arpa." nodefault
655 # And for 64.100.in-addr.arpa. to 127.100.in-addr.arpa.
657 # If unbound is running service for the local host then it is useful
658 # to perform lan-wide lookups to the upstream, and unblock the
659 # long list of local-zones above. If this unbound is a dns server
660 # for a network of computers, disabled is better and stops information
661 # leakage of local lan information.
662 # unblock-lan-zones: no
664 # The insecure-lan-zones option disables validation for
665 # these zones, as if they were all listed as domain-insecure.
666 # insecure-lan-zones: no
668 # a number of locally served zones can be configured.
669 # local-zone: <zone> <type>
670 # local-data: "<resource record string>"
671 # o deny serves local data (if any), else, drops queries.
672 # o refuse serves local data (if any), else, replies with error.
673 # o static serves local data, else, nxdomain or nodata answer.
674 # o transparent gives local data, but resolves normally for other names
675 # o redirect serves the zone data for any subdomain in the zone.
676 # o nodefault can be used to normally resolve AS112 zones.
677 # o typetransparent resolves normally for other types and other names
678 # o inform acts like transparent, but logs client IP address
679 # o inform_deny drops queries and logs client IP address
680 # o inform_redirect redirects queries and logs client IP address
681 # o always_transparent, always_refuse, always_nxdomain, resolve in
682 # that way but ignore local data for that name
683 # o noview breaks out of that view towards global local-zones.
685 # defaults are localhost address, reverse for 127.0.0.1 and ::1
686 # and nxdomain for AS112 zones. If you configure one of these zones
687 # the default content is omitted, or you can omit it with 'nodefault'.
689 # If you configure local-data without specifying local-zone, by
690 # default a transparent local-zone is created for the data.
692 # You can add locally served data with
693 # local-zone: "local." static
694 # local-data: "mycomputer.local. IN A 192.0.2.51"
695 # local-data: 'mytext.local TXT "content of text record"'
697 # You can override certain queries with
698 # local-data: "adserver.example.com A 127.0.0.1"
700 # You can redirect a domain to a fixed address with
701 # (this makes example.com, www.example.com, etc, all go to 192.0.2.3)
702 # local-zone: "example.com" redirect
703 # local-data: "example.com A 192.0.2.3"
705 # Shorthand to make PTR records, "IPv4 name" or "IPv6 name".
706 # You can also add PTR records using local-data directly, but then
707 # you need to do the reverse notation yourself.
708 # local-data-ptr: "192.0.2.3 www.example.com"
710 # tag a localzone with a list of tag names (in "" with spaces between)
711 # local-zone-tag: "example.com" "tag2 tag3"
713 # add a netblock specific override to a localzone, with zone type
714 # local-zone-override: "example.com" 192.0.2.0/24 refuse
716 # service clients over TLS (on the TCP sockets), with plain DNS inside
717 # the TLS stream. Give the certificate to use and private key.
718 # default is "" (disabled). requires restart to take effect.
719 # tls-service-key: "path/to/privatekeyfile.key"
720 # tls-service-pem: "path/to/publiccertfile.pem"
723 # cipher setting for TLSv1.2
724 # tls-ciphers: "DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256"
725 # cipher setting for TLSv1.3
726 # tls-ciphersuites: "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256:TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256"
728 # Add the secret file for TLS Session Ticket.
729 # Secret file must be 80 bytes of random data.
730 # First key use to encrypt and decrypt TLS session tickets.
731 # Other keys use to decrypt only.
732 # requires restart to take effect.
733 # tls-session-ticket-keys: "path/to/secret_file1"
734 # tls-session-ticket-keys: "path/to/secret_file2"
736 # request upstream over TLS (with plain DNS inside the TLS stream).
737 # Default is no. Can be turned on and off with unbound-control.
740 # Certificates used to authenticate connections made upstream.
741 # tls-cert-bundle: ""
743 # Add system certs to the cert bundle, from the Windows Cert Store
746 # Also serve tls on these port numbers (eg. 443, ...), by listing
747 # tls-additional-port: portno for each of the port numbers.
749 # DNS64 prefix. Must be specified when DNS64 is use.
750 # Enable dns64 in module-config. Used to synthesize IPv6 from IPv4.
751 # dns64-prefix: 64:ff9b::0/96
753 # DNS64 ignore AAAA records for these domains and use A instead.
754 # dns64-ignore-aaaa: "example.com"
756 # ratelimit for uncached, new queries, this limits recursion effort.
757 # ratelimiting is experimental, and may help against randomqueryflood.
758 # if 0(default) it is disabled, otherwise state qps allowed per zone.
761 # ratelimits are tracked in a cache, size in bytes of cache (or k,m).
763 # ratelimit cache slabs, reduces lock contention if equal to cpucount.
766 # 0 blocks when ratelimited, otherwise let 1/xth traffic through
767 # ratelimit-factor: 10
769 # override the ratelimit for a specific domain name.
770 # give this setting multiple times to have multiple overrides.
771 # ratelimit-for-domain: example.com 1000
772 # override the ratelimits for all domains below a domain name
773 # can give this multiple times, the name closest to the zone is used.
774 # ratelimit-below-domain: com 1000
776 # global query ratelimit for all ip addresses.
777 # feature is experimental.
778 # if 0(default) it is disabled, otherwise states qps allowed per ip address
781 # ip ratelimits are tracked in a cache, size in bytes of cache (or k,m).
782 # ip-ratelimit-size: 4m
783 # ip ratelimit cache slabs, reduces lock contention if equal to cpucount.
784 # ip-ratelimit-slabs: 4
786 # 0 blocks when ip is ratelimited, otherwise let 1/xth traffic through
787 # ip-ratelimit-factor: 10
789 # Limit the number of connections simultaneous from a netblock
790 # tcp-connection-limit: 192.0.2.0/24 12
792 # select from the fastest servers this many times out of 1000. 0 means
793 # the fast server select is disabled. prefetches are not sped up.
794 # fast-server-permil: 0
795 # the number of servers that will be used in the fast server selection.
798 # Specific options for ipsecmod. unbound needs to be configured with
799 # --enable-ipsecmod for these to take effect.
801 # Enable or disable ipsecmod (it still needs to be defined in
802 # module-config above). Can be used when ipsecmod needs to be
803 # enabled/disabled via remote-control(below).
804 # ipsecmod-enabled: yes
806 # Path to executable external hook. It must be defined when ipsecmod is
807 # listed in module-config (above).
808 # ipsecmod-hook: "./my_executable"
810 # When enabled unbound will reply with SERVFAIL if the return value of
811 # the ipsecmod-hook is not 0.
812 # ipsecmod-strict: no
814 # Maximum time to live (TTL) for cached A/AAAA records with IPSECKEY.
815 # ipsecmod-max-ttl: 3600
817 # Reply with A/AAAA even if the relevant IPSECKEY is bogus. Mainly used for
819 # ipsecmod-ignore-bogus: no
821 # Domains for which ipsecmod will be triggered. If not defined (default)
822 # all domains are treated as being whitelisted.
823 # ipsecmod-whitelist: "example.com"
824 # ipsecmod-whitelist: "nlnetlabs.nl"
827 # Python config section. To enable:
828 # o use --with-pythonmodule to configure before compiling.
829 # o list python in the module-config string (above) to enable.
830 # It can be at the start, it gets validated results, or just before
831 # the iterator and process before DNSSEC validation.
832 # o and give a python-script to run.
834 # Script file to load
835 # python-script: "@UNBOUND_SHARE_DIR@/ubmodule-tst.py"
837 # Remote control config section.
839 # Enable remote control with unbound-control(8) here.
840 # set up the keys and certificates with unbound-control-setup.
843 # what interfaces are listened to for remote control.
844 # give 0.0.0.0 and ::0 to listen to all interfaces.
845 # set to an absolute path to use a unix local name pipe, certificates
846 # are not used for that, so key and cert files need not be present.
847 # control-interface: 127.0.0.1
848 # control-interface: ::1
850 # port number for remote control operations.
853 # for localhost, you can disable use of TLS by setting this to "no"
854 # For local sockets this option is ignored, and TLS is not used.
855 # control-use-cert: "yes"
857 # unbound server key file.
858 # server-key-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_server.key"
860 # unbound server certificate file.
861 # server-cert-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_server.pem"
863 # unbound-control key file.
864 # control-key-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_control.key"
866 # unbound-control certificate file.
867 # control-cert-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_control.pem"
870 # Create entries like below, to make all queries for 'example.com' and
871 # 'example.org' go to the given list of nameservers. list zero or more
872 # nameservers by hostname or by ipaddress. If you set stub-prime to yes,
873 # the list is treated as priming hints (default is no).
874 # With stub-first yes, it attempts without the stub if it fails.
875 # Consider adding domain-insecure: name and local-zone: name nodefault
876 # to the server: section if the stub is a locally served zone.
878 # name: "example.com"
879 # stub-addr: 192.0.2.68
882 # stub-tls-upstream: no
885 # name: "example.org"
886 # stub-host: ns.example.com.
889 # Create entries like below, to make all queries for 'example.com' and
890 # 'example.org' go to the given list of servers. These servers have to handle
891 # recursion to other nameservers. List zero or more nameservers by hostname
892 # or by ipaddress. Use an entry with name "." to forward all queries.
893 # If you enable forward-first, it attempts without the forward if it fails.
895 # name: "example.com"
896 # forward-addr: 192.0.2.68
897 # forward-addr: 192.0.2.73@5355 # forward to port 5355.
899 # forward-tls-upstream: no
900 # forward-no-cache: no
902 # name: "example.org"
903 # forward-host: fwd.example.com
906 # The data for these zones is kept locally, from a file or downloaded.
907 # The data can be served to downstream clients, or used instead of the
908 # upstream (which saves a lookup to the upstream). The first example
909 # has a copy of the root for local usage. The second serves example.org
910 # authoritatively. zonefile: reads from file (and writes to it if you also
911 # download it), master: fetches with AXFR and IXFR, or url to zonefile.
912 # With allow-notify: you can give additional (apart from masters) sources of
916 # master: 199.9.14.201 # b.root-servers.net
917 # master: 192.33.4.12 # c.root-servers.net
918 # master: 199.7.91.13 # d.root-servers.net
919 # master: 192.5.5.241 # f.root-servers.net
920 # master: 192.112.36.4 # g.root-servers.net
921 # master: 193.0.14.129 # k.root-servers.net
922 # master: 192.0.47.132 # xfr.cjr.dns.icann.org
923 # master: 192.0.32.132 # xfr.lax.dns.icann.org
924 # master: 2001:500:200::b # b.root-servers.net
925 # master: 2001:500:2::c # c.root-servers.net
926 # master: 2001:500:2d::d # d.root-servers.net
927 # master: 2001:500:2f::f # f.root-servers.net
928 # master: 2001:500:12::d0d # g.root-servers.net
929 # master: 2001:7fd::1 # k.root-servers.net
930 # master: 2620:0:2830:202::132 # xfr.cjr.dns.icann.org
931 # master: 2620:0:2d0:202::132 # xfr.lax.dns.icann.org
932 # fallback-enabled: yes
936 # name: "example.org"
937 # for-downstream: yes
939 # zonefile: "example.org.zone"
942 # Create named views. Name must be unique. Map views to requests using
943 # the access-control-view option. Views can contain zero or more local-zone
944 # and local-data options. Options from matching views will override global
945 # options. Global options will be used if no matching view is found.
946 # With view-first yes, it will try to answer using the global local-zone and
947 # local-data elements if there is no view specific match.
950 # local-zone: "example.com" redirect
951 # local-data: "example.com A 192.0.2.3"
952 # local-data-ptr: "192.0.2.3 www.example.com"
955 # name: "anotherview"
956 # local-zone: "example.com" refuse
960 # 1. the keys/certs cannot be produced by unbound. You can use dnscrypt-wrapper
961 # for this: https://github.com/cofyc/dnscrypt-wrapper/blob/master/README.md#usage
962 # 2. dnscrypt channel attaches to an interface. you MUST set interfaces to
963 # listen on `dnscrypt-port` with the follo0wing snippet:
965 # interface: 0.0.0.0@443
968 # Finally, `dnscrypt` config has its own section.
970 # dnscrypt-enable: yes
972 # dnscrypt-provider: 2.dnscrypt-cert.example.com.
973 # dnscrypt-secret-key: /path/unbound-conf/keys1/1.key
974 # dnscrypt-secret-key: /path/unbound-conf/keys2/1.key
975 # dnscrypt-provider-cert: /path/unbound-conf/keys1/1.cert
976 # dnscrypt-provider-cert: /path/unbound-conf/keys2/1.cert
979 # Enable external backend DB as auxiliary cache. Specify the backend name
980 # (default is "testframe", which has no use other than for debugging and
981 # testing) and backend-specific options. The 'cachedb' module must be
982 # included in module-config, just before the iterator module.
984 # backend: "testframe"
985 # # secret seed string to calculate hashed keys
986 # secret-seed: "default"
988 # # For "redis" backend:
989 # # redis server's IP address or host name
990 # redis-server-host: 127.0.0.1
991 # # redis server's TCP port
992 # redis-server-port: 6379
993 # # timeout (in ms) for communication with the redis server