1 .\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
2 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
5 .\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
6 .\" on Information Processing Systems.
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32 .\" @(#)strtoul.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
38 .Nm strtoul , strtoull , strtoumax , strtouq
39 .Nd "convert a string to an"
40 .Vt "unsigned long" , "unsigned long long" , uintmax_t ,
50 .Fn strtoul "const char * restrict nptr" "char ** restrict endptr" "int base"
51 .Ft "unsigned long long"
52 .Fn strtoull "const char * restrict nptr" "char ** restrict endptr" "int base"
55 .Fn strtoumax "const char * restrict nptr" "char ** restrict endptr" "int base"
60 .Fn strtouq "const char *nptr" "char **endptr" "int base"
65 converts the string in
73 converts the string in
76 .Vt "unsigned long long"
81 converts the string in
89 converts the string in
94 The conversion is done according to the given
96 which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive,
97 or be the special value 0.
99 The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space
102 followed by a single optional
110 the string may then include a
112 prefix, and the number will be read in base 2; or it may include a
115 and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a zero
117 is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character is
119 in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
121 The remainder of the string is converted to an
123 value in the obvious manner,
124 stopping at the end of the string
125 or at the first character that does not produce a valid digit
127 (In bases above 10, the letter
129 in either upper or lower case
132 represents 11, and so forth, with
141 stores the address of the first invalid character in
143 If there were no digits at all, however,
145 stores the original value of
157 on return, the entire string was valid.)
166 return either the result of the conversion
167 or, if there was a leading minus sign,
168 the negation of the result of the conversion,
169 unless the original (non-negated) value would overflow;
188 If no conversion could be performed, 0 is returned and
193 (the last feature is not portable across all platforms).
200 no conversion could be performed
201 (the last feature is not portable across all platforms).
203 The given string was out of range; the value converted has been clamped.
225 function is deprecated.