1 .\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
2 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12 .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
13 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
14 .\" without specific prior written permission.
16 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
43 .Fn chflags "const char *path" "unsigned long flags"
45 .Fn lchflags "const char *path" "unsigned long flags"
47 .Fn fchflags "int fd" "unsigned long flags"
49 .Fn chflagsat "int fd" "const char *path" "unsigned long flags" "int atflag"
54 or referenced by the descriptor
56 has its flags changed to
63 except in the case where the named file is a symbolic link,
66 will change the flags of the link itself,
67 rather than the file it points to.
71 is equivalent to either
77 except in the case where
79 specifies a relative path.
80 In this case the file to be changed is determined relative to the directory
81 associated with the file descriptor
83 instead of the current working directory.
86 are constructed by a bitwise-inclusive OR of flags from the following list,
89 .Bl -tag -width indent
90 .It Dv AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
93 names a symbolic link, then the flags of the symbolic link are changed.
94 .It Dv AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH
95 Only walk paths below the directory specified by the
98 See the description of the
106 argument is an empty string, operate on the file or directory
107 referenced by the descriptor
113 operate on the current working directory.
118 is passed the special value
122 parameter, the current working directory is used.
125 is zero, the behavior is identical to a call to
128 The flags specified are formed by
132 .Bl -tag -width ".Dv SF_IMMUTABLE" -compact -offset indent
134 The file may only be appended to.
136 The file has been archived.
137 This flag means the opposite of the DOS, Windows and CIFS
138 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE attribute.
139 This flag has been deprecated, and may be removed in a future release.
141 The file may not be changed.
143 The file may not be renamed or deleted.
145 The file is a snapshot file.
147 The file may only be appended to.
149 The file needs to be archived.
150 This flag has the same meaning as the DOS, Windows and CIFS
151 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE attribute.
152 Filesystems in FreeBSD may or may not have special handling for this flag.
153 For instance, ZFS tracks changes to files and will set this bit when a
155 UFS only stores the flag, and relies on the application to change it when
158 The file may be hidden from directory listings at the application's
160 The file has the DOS, Windows and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN attribute.
162 The file may not be changed.
164 Do not dump the file.
166 The file may not be renamed or deleted.
168 The file is offline, or has the Windows and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE
170 Filesystems in FreeBSD store and display this flag, but do not provide any
171 special handling when it is set.
173 The directory is opaque when viewed through a union stack.
175 The file is read only, and may not be written or appended.
176 Filesystems may use this flag to maintain compatibility with the DOS, Windows
177 and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY attribute.
179 The file contains a Windows reparse point and has the Windows and CIFS
180 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT attribute.
182 The file has the Windows FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE attribute.
183 This may also be used by a filesystem to indicate a sparse file.
185 The file has the DOS, Windows and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM attribute.
186 Filesystems in FreeBSD may store and display this flag, but do not provide
187 any special handling when it is set.
191 .Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
194 is set a non-super-user cannot change any flags and even the super-user
195 can change flags only if securelevel is 0.
201 .Dv UF_IMMUTABLE , UF_APPEND , UF_NOUNLINK , UF_NODUMP ,
204 flags may be set or unset by either the owner of a file or the super-user.
207 .Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND , SF_NOUNLINK ,
210 flags may only be set or unset by the super-user.
211 Attempts to toggle these flags by non-super-users are rejected.
212 These flags may be set at any time, but normally may only be unset when
213 the system is in single-user mode.
218 The implementation of all flags is filesystem-dependent.
219 See the description of the
221 flag above for one example of the differences in behavior.
222 Care should be exercised when writing applications to account for
223 support or lack of support of these flags in various filesystems.
227 flag is maintained by the system and cannot be toggled.
233 system call will fail if:
236 A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
237 .It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
238 A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
239 or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
241 The named file does not exist.
243 Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
245 Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
247 The effective user ID does not match the owner of the file and
248 the effective user ID is not the super-user.
251 .Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
254 is set and the user is either not the super-user or
255 securelevel is greater than 0.
257 A non-super-user attempted to toggle one of
258 .Dv SF_ARCHIVED , SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
262 An attempt was made to toggle the
266 The named file resides on a read-only file system.
271 points outside the process's allocated address space.
275 error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
277 Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system.
279 The underlying file system does not support file flags, or
280 does not support all of the flags set in
286 system call will fail if:
289 The descriptor is not valid.
294 refers to a socket, not to a file.
296 The effective user ID does not match the owner of the file and
297 the effective user ID is not the super-user.
300 .Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
303 is set and the user is either not the super-user or
304 securelevel is greater than 0.
306 A non-super-user attempted to toggle one of
307 .Dv SF_ARCHIVED , SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
311 An attempt was made to toggle the
315 The file resides on a read-only file system.
319 error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
321 Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system.
323 The underlying file system does not support file flags, or
324 does not support all of the flags set in
326 .It Bq Er ENOTCAPABLE
329 or contained a ".." component leading to a
330 directory outside of the directory hierarchy specified by
332 and the process is in capability mode or the
333 .Dv AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH
347 system calls first appeared in
351 system call first appeared in
355 system call first appeared in