1 .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
2 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12 .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
13 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
14 .\" without specific prior written permission.
16 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28 .\" @(#)stat.2 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/1/95
45 .Fn stat "const char * restrict path" "struct stat * restrict sb"
47 .Fn lstat "const char * restrict path" "struct stat * restrict sb"
49 .Fn fstat "int fd" "struct stat *sb"
51 .Fn fstatat "int fd" "const char *path" "struct stat *sb" "int flag"
55 system call obtains information about the file pointed to by
57 Read, write or execute
58 permission of the named file is not required, but all directories
59 listed in the path name leading to the file must be searchable.
65 except when the named file is a symbolic link,
68 returns information about the link,
71 returns information about the file the link references.
75 system call obtains the same information about an open file
76 known by the file descriptor
81 system call is equivalent to
87 specifies a relative path.
92 the status is retrieved from a file relative to
93 the directory associated with the file descriptor
95 instead of the current working directory.
99 are constructed by a bitwise-inclusive OR of flags from this list,
102 .Bl -tag -width indent
103 .It Dv AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
106 names a symbolic link, the status of the symbolic link is returned.
107 .It Dv AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH
108 Only walk paths below the starting directory.
109 See the description of the
110 .Dv O_RESOLVE_BENEATH
117 argument is an empty string, operate on the file or directory
118 referenced by the descriptor
124 operate on the current working directory.
129 is passed the special value
133 parameter, the current working directory is used and the behavior is
134 identical to a call to
138 respectively, depending on whether or not the
139 .Dv AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
145 is called with an absolute
153 argument is a pointer to a
158 and into which information is placed concerning the file.
162 related to the file system are:
163 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_nlink"
165 Numeric ID of the device containing the file.
167 The file's inode number.
169 Number of hard links to the file.
171 Flags enabled for the file.
174 for the list of flags and their description.
181 fields together identify the file uniquely within the system.
183 The time-related fields of
186 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_birthtim"
188 Time when file data was last accessed.
189 Changed implicitly by syscalls such as
196 Time when file data was last modified.
197 Changed implicitly by syscalls such as
204 Also, any syscall which modifies directory content changes the
206 for the affected directory.
215 Time when file status was last changed (inode data modification).
216 Changed implicitly by any syscall that affects file metadata, including
226 Also, any syscall which modifies directory content changes the
228 for the affected directory.
237 Time when the inode was created.
240 These time-related macros are defined for compatibility:
242 #define st_atime st_atim.tv_sec
243 #define st_mtime st_mtim.tv_sec
244 #define st_ctime st_ctim.tv_sec
245 #ifndef _POSIX_SOURCE
246 #define st_birthtime st_birthtim.tv_sec
249 #ifndef _POSIX_SOURCE
250 #define st_atimespec st_atim
251 #define st_mtimespec st_mtim
252 #define st_ctimespec st_ctim
253 #define st_birthtimespec st_birthtim
257 Size-related fields of the
260 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_blksize"
264 Optimal I/O block size for the file.
266 Actual number of blocks allocated for the file in 512-byte units.
267 As short symbolic links are stored in the inode, this number may
271 The access-related fields of
274 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_mode"
276 User ID of the file's owner.
278 Group ID of the file.
280 Status of the file (see below).
283 The status information word
287 #define S_IFMT 0170000 /* type of file mask */
288 #define S_IFIFO 0010000 /* named pipe (fifo) */
289 #define S_IFCHR 0020000 /* character special */
290 #define S_IFDIR 0040000 /* directory */
291 #define S_IFBLK 0060000 /* block special */
292 #define S_IFREG 0100000 /* regular */
293 #define S_IFLNK 0120000 /* symbolic link */
294 #define S_IFSOCK 0140000 /* socket */
295 #define S_IFWHT 0160000 /* whiteout */
296 #define S_ISUID 0004000 /* set user id on execution */
297 #define S_ISGID 0002000 /* set group id on execution */
298 #define S_ISVTX 0001000 /* save swapped text even after use */
299 #define S_IRWXU 0000700 /* RWX mask for owner */
300 #define S_IRUSR 0000400 /* read permission, owner */
301 #define S_IWUSR 0000200 /* write permission, owner */
302 #define S_IXUSR 0000100 /* execute/search permission, owner */
303 #define S_IRWXG 0000070 /* RWX mask for group */
304 #define S_IRGRP 0000040 /* read permission, group */
305 #define S_IWGRP 0000020 /* write permission, group */
306 #define S_IXGRP 0000010 /* execute/search permission, group */
307 #define S_IRWXO 0000007 /* RWX mask for other */
308 #define S_IROTH 0000004 /* read permission, other */
309 #define S_IWOTH 0000002 /* write permission, other */
310 #define S_IXOTH 0000001 /* execute/search permission, other */
313 For a list of access modes, see
318 These macros are available to test whether a
322 argument corresponds to a file of the specified type:
323 .Bl -tag -width ".Fn S_ISFIFO m"
325 Test for a block special file.
327 Test for a character special file.
329 Test for a directory.
331 Test for a pipe or FIFO special file.
333 Test for a symbolic link.
335 Test for a regular file.
342 The macros evaluate to a non-zero value if the test is true
343 or to the value 0 if the test is false.
347 Previous versions of the system used different types for the
362 system calls will fail if:
365 Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
372 points to an invalid address.
374 An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
376 Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system.
378 Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
379 .It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
380 A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
381 or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
383 The named file does not exist.
385 A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
387 The file size in bytes cannot be
388 represented correctly in the structure pointed to by
394 system call will fail if:
400 is not a valid open file descriptor.
405 points to an invalid address.
407 An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
409 Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system.
411 The file size in bytes cannot be
412 represented correctly in the structure pointed to by
416 In addition to the errors returned by the
425 argument does not specify an absolute path and the
429 nor a valid file descriptor open for searching.
433 argument is not valid.
437 argument is not an absolute path and
441 nor a file descriptor associated with a directory.
442 .It Bq Er ENOTCAPABLE
445 or contained a ".." component leading to a
446 directory outside of the directory hierarchy specified by
448 and the process is in capability mode or the
449 .Dv AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH
466 system calls are expected to conform to
470 system call follows The Open Group Extended API Set 2 specification.
476 system calls appeared in
480 system call appeared in
484 system call appeared in
490 returns a zeroed buffer,
491 except for the blocksize field,
492 and a unique device and inode number.