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28 .\" @(#)stat.2 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/1/95
45 .Fn stat "const char * restrict path" "struct stat * restrict sb"
47 .Fn lstat "const char * restrict path" "struct stat * restrict sb"
49 .Fn fstat "int fd" "struct stat *sb"
51 .Fn fstatat "int fd" "const char *path" "struct stat *buf" "int flag"
55 system call obtains information about the file pointed to by
57 Read, write or execute
58 permission of the named file is not required, but all directories
59 listed in the path name leading to the file must be searchable.
65 except when the named file is a symbolic link,
68 returns information about the link,
71 returns information about the file the link references.
75 system call obtains the same information about an open file
76 known by the file descriptor
81 system call is equivalent to
87 specifies a relative path.
88 In this case the status is retrieved from a file relative to
89 the directory associated with the file descriptor
91 instead of the current working directory.
95 are constructed by a bitwise-inclusive OR of flags from this list,
98 .Bl -tag -width indent
99 .It Dv AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
102 names a symbolic link, the status of the symbolic link is returned.
107 is passed the special value
111 parameter, the current working directory is used and the behavior is
112 identical to a call to
116 respectively, depending on whether or not the
117 .Dv AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
123 argument is a pointer to a
128 and into which information is placed concerning the file.
132 related to the file system are:
133 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_nlink"
135 Numeric ID of the device containing the file.
137 The file's inode number.
139 Number of hard links to the file.
141 Flags enabled for the file.
144 for the list of flags and their description.
151 fields together identify the file uniquely within the system.
153 The time-related fields of
156 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_birthtim"
158 Time when file data was last accessed.
167 Time when file data was last modified.
178 Time when file status was last changed (inode data modification).
199 Time when the inode was created.
202 These time-related macros are defined for compatibility:
204 #define st_atime st_atim.tv_sec
205 #define st_mtime st_mtim.tv_sec
206 #define st_ctime st_ctim.tv_sec
207 #ifndef _POSIX_SOURCE
208 #define st_birthtime st_birthtim.tv_sec
211 #ifndef _POSIX_SOURCE
212 #define st_atimespec st_atim
213 #define st_mtimespec st_mtim
214 #define st_ctimespec st_ctim
215 #define st_birthtimespec st_birthtim
219 Size-related fields of the
222 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_blksize"
226 Optimal I/O block size for the file.
228 Actual number of blocks allocated for the file in 512-byte units.
229 As short symbolic links are stored in the inode, this number may
233 The access-related fields of
236 .Bl -tag -width ".Va st_mode"
238 User ID of the file's owner.
240 Group ID of the file.
242 Status of the file (see below).
245 The status information word
249 #define S_IFMT 0170000 /* type of file mask */
250 #define S_IFIFO 0010000 /* named pipe (fifo) */
251 #define S_IFCHR 0020000 /* character special */
252 #define S_IFDIR 0040000 /* directory */
253 #define S_IFBLK 0060000 /* block special */
254 #define S_IFREG 0100000 /* regular */
255 #define S_IFLNK 0120000 /* symbolic link */
256 #define S_IFSOCK 0140000 /* socket */
257 #define S_IFWHT 0160000 /* whiteout */
258 #define S_ISUID 0004000 /* set user id on execution */
259 #define S_ISGID 0002000 /* set group id on execution */
260 #define S_ISVTX 0001000 /* save swapped text even after use */
261 #define S_IRWXU 0000700 /* RWX mask for owner */
262 #define S_IRUSR 0000400 /* read permission, owner */
263 #define S_IWUSR 0000200 /* write permission, owner */
264 #define S_IXUSR 0000100 /* execute/search permission, owner */
265 #define S_IRWXG 0000070 /* RWX mask for group */
266 #define S_IRGRP 0000040 /* read permission, group */
267 #define S_IWGRP 0000020 /* write permission, group */
268 #define S_IXGRP 0000010 /* execute/search permission, group */
269 #define S_IRWXO 0000007 /* RWX mask for other */
270 #define S_IROTH 0000004 /* read permission, other */
271 #define S_IWOTH 0000002 /* write permission, other */
272 #define S_IXOTH 0000001 /* execute/search permission, other */
275 For a list of access modes, see
280 These macros are available to test whether a
284 argument corresponds to a file of the specified type:
285 .Bl -tag -width ".Fn S_ISFIFO m"
287 Test for a block special file.
289 Test for a character special file.
291 Test for a directory.
293 Test for a pipe or FIFO special file.
295 Test for a symbolic link.
297 Test for a regular file.
304 The macros evaluate to a non-zero value if the test is true
305 or to the value 0 if the test is false.
309 Previous versions of the system used different types for the
324 system calls will fail if:
327 Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
334 points to an invalid address.
336 An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
338 Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
339 .It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
340 A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
341 or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
343 The named file does not exist.
345 A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
347 The file size in bytes cannot be
348 represented correctly in the structure pointed to by
354 system call will fail if:
360 is not a valid open file descriptor.
365 points to an invalid address.
367 An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
369 The file size in bytes cannot be
370 represented correctly in the structure pointed to by
374 In addition to the errors returned by the
383 argument does not specify an absolute path and the
387 nor a valid file descriptor open for searching.
391 argument is not valid.
395 argument is not an absolute path and
399 nor a file descriptor associated with a directory.
415 system calls are expected to conform to
419 system call follows The Open Group Extended API Set 2 specification.
425 system calls appeared in
429 system call appeared in
433 system call appeared in
439 returns a zeroed buffer,
440 except for the blocksize field,
441 and a unique device and inode number.