1 .\" Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Joseph Koshy. All rights reserved.
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31 .Nd measurement events for
41 Intel P4 PMCs are present in Intel
45 processors that use the
49 These PMCs are documented in
51 .%B "IA-32 Intel(R) Architecture Software Developer's Manual"
52 .%T "Volume 3: System Programming Guide"
53 .%N "Order Number 245472-012"
55 .%Q "Intel Corporation"
57 Further information about using these PMCs may be found in
59 .%B "IA-32 Intel(R) Architecture Optimization Guide"
61 .%N "Order Number 248966-009"
62 .%Q "Intel Corporation"
64 Some of these events are affected by processor errata described in
66 .%B "Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 Processor Specification Update"
67 .%N "Document Number: 249199-059"
69 .%Q "Intel Corporation"
72 Intel Pentium 4 PMCs are 40 bits wide.
73 Each CPU contains 18 PMCs, divided into 4 groups with 4, 4, 4 and 6
75 On processors with hyperthreading support, PMC resources are shared
76 between logical processors.
77 These PMCs support the following capabilities:
78 .Bl -column "PMC_CAP_INTERRUPT" "Support"
79 .It Em Capability Ta Em Support
80 .It PMC_CAP_CASCADE Ta Yes
81 .It PMC_CAP_EDGE Ta Yes
82 .It PMC_CAP_INTERRUPT Ta Yes
83 .It PMC_CAP_INVERT Ta Yes
84 .It PMC_CAP_READ Ta Yes
85 .It PMC_CAP_PRECISE Ta Unimplemented
86 .It PMC_CAP_SYSTEM Ta Yes
87 .It PMC_CAP_TAGGING Ta Yes
88 .It PMC_CAP_THRESHOLD Ta Yes
89 .It PMC_CAP_USER Ta Yes
90 .It PMC_CAP_WRITE Ta Yes
94 Event specifiers for Intel P4 PMCs can have the following common
96 .Bl -tag -width indent
97 .It Li active= Ns Ar choice
98 (On P4 HTT CPUs) Filter event counting based on which logical
99 processors are active.
100 The allowed values of
104 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
106 Count when either logical processor is active.
108 Count when both logical processors are active.
110 Count only when neither logical processor is active.
112 Count only when one logical processor is active.
118 Configure the PMC to cascade onto its partner.
120 .Sx "Cascading P4 PMCs"
121 below for more information.
123 Configure the counter to count false to true transitions of the threshold
125 This qualifier only takes effect if a threshold qualifier has also been
128 Configure the counter to increment only when the event count seen is
129 less than the threshold qualifier value specified.
130 .It Li mask= Ns Ar qualifier
131 Many event specifiers for Intel P4 PMCs need to be additionally
132 qualified using a mask qualifier.
133 The allowed syntax for these qualifiers is event specific and is
134 described along with the events.
136 Configure the PMC to count when the CPL of the processor is 0.
138 Select precise event based sampling.
139 Precise sampling is supported by the hardware for a limited set of
141 .It Li tag= Ns Ar value
142 Configure the PMC to tag the internal uop selected by the other
143 fields in this event specifier with value
145 This feature is used when cascading PMCs.
146 .It Li threshold= Ns Ar value
147 Configure the PMC to increment only when the event counts seen are
148 greater than the specified threshold value
151 Configure the PMC to count when the CPL of the processor is 1, 2 or 3.
158 qualifiers are specified, the default is to enable both.
160 On Intel Pentium 4 processors with HTT, events are
161 divided into two classes:
163 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
165 are those where hardware can differentiate between events
166 generated on one logical processor from those generated on the
169 are those where hardware cannot differentiate between events
170 generated by multiple logical processors in a package.
173 Only TS events are allowed for use with process-mode PMCs on
176 The event specifiers supported by Intel P4 PMCs are:
178 .Bl -tag -width indent
179 .It Li p4-128bit-mmx-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
181 Count integer SIMD SSE2 instructions that operate on 128 bit SIMD
185 can take the following value (which is also the default):
187 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
189 Count all uops operating on 128 bit SIMD integer operands in memory or
193 If an instruction contains more than one 128 bit MMX uop, then each
195 .It Li p4-64bit-mmx-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
197 Count MMX instructions that operate on 64 bit SIMD operands.
200 can take the following value (which is also the default):
202 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
204 Count all uops operating on 64 bit SIMD integer operands in memory or
208 If an instruction contains more than one 64 bit MMX uop, then each
212 Count back-to-back bus cycles.
213 Further documentation for this event is unavailable.
216 Count bus-not-ready conditions.
217 Further documentation for this event is unavailable.
218 .It Li p4-bpu-fetch-request Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
220 Count instruction fetch requests qualified by additional
223 At this point only one flag is supported:
225 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
227 Count trace cache lookup misses.
230 The default qualifier is also
232 .It Li p4-branch-retired Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
234 Counts retired branches.
237 is a list of the following
241 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
243 Count branches not-taken and predicted.
245 Count branches not-taken and mis-predicted.
247 Count branches taken and predicted.
249 Count branches taken and mis-predicted.
252 The default qualifier counts all four kinds of branches.
253 .It Li p4-bsq-active-entries Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
255 Count the number of entries (clipped at 15) currently active in the
261 separated set of the following flags:
263 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
264 .It Li req-type0 , Li req-type1
265 Forms a 2-bit number used to select the request type encoding:
267 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
269 reads excluding read invalidate
273 writes other than writebacks
280 is the MSB for this two bit number.
281 .It Li req-len0 , Li req-len1
282 Forms a two-bit number that specifies the request length encoding:
284 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
295 is the MSB for this two bit number.
297 Count requests that are input or output requests.
299 Count requests that lock the bus.
300 .It Li req-lock-cache
301 Count requests that lock the cache.
302 .It Li req-split-type
303 Count requests that is a bus 8-byte chunk that is split across an
306 Count requests that are demand (not prefetches) if set.
307 Count requests that are prefetches if not set.
309 Count requests that are ordered.
310 .It Li mem-type0 , Li mem-type1 , Li mem-type2
311 Forms a 3-bit number that specifies a memory type encoding:
313 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
328 is the MSB of this 3-bit number.
331 The default qualifier has all the above bits set.
333 Edge triggering using the
335 qualifier should not be used with this event when counting cycles.
336 .It Li p4-bsq-allocation Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
338 Count allocations in the bus sequence unit according to the flags
343 separated set of the following flags:
345 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
346 .It Li req-type0 , Li req-type1
347 Forms a 2-bit number used to select the request type encoding:
349 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
351 reads excluding read invalidate
355 writes other than writebacks
362 is the MSB for this two bit number.
363 .It Li req-len0 , Li req-len1
364 Forms a two-bit number that specifies the request length encoding:
366 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
377 is the MSB for this two bit number.
379 Count requests that are input or output requests.
381 Count requests that lock the bus.
382 .It Li req-lock-cache
383 Count requests that lock the cache.
384 .It Li req-split-type
385 Count requests that is a bus 8-byte chunk that is split across an
388 Count requests that are demand (not prefetches) if set.
389 Count requests that are prefetches if not set.
391 Count requests that are ordered.
392 .It Li mem-type0 , Li mem-type1 , Li mem-type2
393 Forms a 3-bit number that specifies a memory type encoding:
395 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
410 is the MSB of this 3-bit number.
413 The default qualifier has all the above bits set.
415 This event is usually used along with the
417 qualifier to avoid multiple counting.
418 .It Li p4-bsq-cache-reference Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
420 Count cache references as seen by the bus unit (2nd or 3rd level
426 separated list of the following keywords:
428 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
430 Count 2nd level cache hits in the shared state.
432 Count 2nd level cache hits in the exclusive state.
434 Count 2nd level cache hits in the modified state.
436 Count 3rd level cache hits in the shared state.
438 Count 3rd level cache hits in the exclusive state.
440 Count 3rd level cache hits in the modified state.
442 Count 2nd level cache misses.
444 Count 3rd level cache misses.
446 Count write-back lookups from the data access cache that miss the 2nd
450 The default is to count all the above events.
451 .It Li p4-execution-event Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
453 Count the retirement of tagged uops selected through the execution
457 can contain the following strings separated by
461 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
462 .It Li nbogus0 , Li nbogus1 , Li nbogus2 , Li nbogus3
463 The marked uops are not bogus.
464 .It Li bogus0 , Li bogus1 , Li bogus2 , Li bogus3
465 The marked uops are bogus.
468 This event requires additional (upstream) events to be allocated to
469 perform the desired uop tagging.
470 The default is to set all the above flags.
471 This event can be used for precise event based sampling.
472 .It Li p4-front-end-event Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
474 Count the retirement of tagged uops selected through the front-end
478 can contain the following strings separated by
482 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
484 The marked uops are not bogus.
486 The marked uops are bogus.
489 This event requires additional (upstream) events to be allocated to
490 perform the desired uop tagging.
491 The default is to select both kinds of events.
492 This event can be used for precise event based sampling.
493 .It Li p4-fsb-data-activity Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
495 Count each DBSY or DRDY event selected by qualifier
501 separated set of the following flags:
503 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
505 Count when this processor is driving data onto the bus.
507 Count when this processor is reading data from the bus.
509 Count when data is on the bus but not being sampled by this processor.
511 Count when this processor reserves the bus for use in the next cycle
512 in order to drive data.
514 Count when some agent reserves the bus for use in the next bus cycle
515 to drive data that this processor will sample.
517 Count when some agent reserves the bus for use in the next bus cycle
518 to drive data that this processor will not sample.
525 are mutually exclusive.
530 are mutually exclusive.
531 The default value for
534 .Dq Li drdy-drv+drdy-own+dbsy-drv+dbsy-own .
535 .It Li p4-global-power-events Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
537 Count cycles during which the processor is not stopped.
540 can take the following value (which is also the default):
542 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
544 Count cycles when the processor is active.
547 .It Li p4-instr-retired Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
549 Count instructions retired during a clock cycle.
552 comprises of the following strings separated by
556 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
558 Count non-bogus instructions that are not tagged.
560 Count non-bogus instructions that are tagged.
562 Count bogus instructions that are not tagged.
564 Count bogus instructions that are tagged.
567 The default qualifier counts all the above kinds of instructions.
568 .It Li p4-ioq-active-entries Xo
569 .Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
570 .Op Li ,busreqtype= Ns Ar req-type
573 Count the number of entries (clipped at 15) in the IOQ that are
575 The event masks are specified by qualifier
584 separated set of the following flags:
586 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
592 Count entries accessing uncacheable memory.
594 Count entries accessing write-combining memory.
596 Count entries accessing write-through memory.
598 Count entries accessing write-protected memory
600 Count entries accessing write-back memory.
602 Count store requests driven by the processor (i.e., not by other
603 processors or by DMA).
605 Count store requests driven by other processors or by DMA.
607 Include hardware and software prefetch requests in the count.
610 The default value for
612 is to enable all the above flags.
616 qualifier is a 5-bit number can be additionally used to select a
617 specific bus request type.
622 qualifier should not be used when counting cycles with this event.
623 The exact behaviour of this event depends on the processor revision.
624 .It Li p4-ioq-allocation Xo
625 .Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
626 .Op Li ,busreqtype= Ns Ar req-type
629 Count various types of transactions on the bus matching the flags set
639 separated set of the following flags:
641 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
647 Count entries accessing uncacheable memory.
649 Count entries accessing write-combining memory.
651 Count entries accessing write-through memory.
653 Count entries accessing write-protected memory
655 Count entries accessing write-back memory.
657 Count store requests driven by the processor (i.e., not by other
658 processors or by DMA).
660 Count store requests driven by other processors or by DMA.
662 Include hardware and software prefetch requests in the count.
665 The default value for
667 is to enable all the above flags.
671 qualifier is a 5-bit number can be additionally used to select a
672 specific bus request type.
677 qualifier is normally used with this event to prevent multiple
679 The exact behaviour of this event depends on the processor revision.
680 .It Li p4-itlb-reference Op mask= Ns Ar qualifier
682 Count translations using the intruction translation look-aside
686 argument is a list of the following strings separated by
690 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
696 Count uncacheable ITLB hits.
701 is specified the default is to count all the three kinds of ITLB
703 .It Li p4-load-port-replay Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
705 Count replayed events at the load port.
708 can take on one value:
710 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
715 The default value for
719 .It Li p4-mispred-branch-retired Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
721 Count mispredicted IA-32 branch instructions.
724 can take the following value (which is also the default):
726 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
728 Count non-bogus retired branch instructions.
730 .It Li p4-machine-clear Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
732 Count the number of pipeline clears seen by the processor.
735 is a list of the following strings separated by
739 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
741 Count for a portion of the many cycles when the machine is being
742 cleared for any reason.
744 Count machine clears due to memory ordering issues.
746 Count machine clears due to self-modifying code.
751 to get a count of occurrences of machine clears.
752 The default qualifier is
754 .It Li p4-memory-cancel Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar event-list
756 Count the cancelling of various kinds of requests in the data cache
757 address control unit of the CPU.
760 is a list of the following strings separated by
764 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
766 Requests cancelled because no store request buffer was available.
768 Requests that conflict due to 64K aliasing.
773 is not specified, then the default is to count both kinds of events.
774 .It Li p4-memory-complete Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar event-list
776 Count the completion of load split, store split, uncacheable split and
777 uncacheable load operations selected by qualifier
783 separated list of the following flags:
785 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
787 Count load splits completed, excluding loads from uncacheable or
788 write-combining areas.
790 Count any split stores completed.
793 The default is to count both kinds of operations.
794 .It Li p4-mob-load-replay Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
796 Count load replays triggered by the memory order buffer.
801 separated list of the following flags:
803 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
805 Count replays because of unknown store addresses.
807 Count replays because of unknown store data.
809 Count replays because of partially overlapped data accesses between
810 load and store operations.
812 Count replays because of mismatches in the lower 4 bits of load and
816 The default qualifier is
817 .Ar no-sta+no-std+partial-data+unalgn-addr .
818 .It Li p4-packed-dp-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
820 Count packed double-precision uops.
823 can take the following value (which is also the default):
825 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
827 Count all uops operating on packed double-precision operands.
829 .It Li p4-packed-sp-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
831 Count packed single-precision uops.
834 can take the following value (which is also the default):
836 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
838 Count all uops operating on packed single-precision operands.
840 .It Li p4-page-walk-type Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
842 Count page walks performed by the page miss handler.
847 separated list of the following keywords:
849 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
851 Count page walks for data TLB misses.
853 Count page walks for instruction TLB misses.
856 The default value for
859 .Dq Li dtmiss+itmiss .
860 .It Li p4-replay-event Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
862 Count the retirement of tagged uops selected through the replay
868 separated set of the following strings:
870 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
872 The marked uops are not bogus.
874 The marked uops are bogus.
877 This event requires additional (upstream) events to be allocated to
878 perform the desired uop tagging.
879 The default qualifier counts both kinds of uops.
880 This event can be used for precise event based sampling.
881 .It Li p4-resource-stall Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
883 Count the occurrence or latency of stalls in the allocator.
886 can take the following value (which is also the default):
888 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
890 A stall due to the lack of store buffers.
894 Count different types of responses.
895 Further documentation on this event is not available.
896 .It Li p4-retired-branch-type Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
898 Count branches retired.
903 separated list of strings:
905 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
907 Count conditional jumps.
909 Count direct and indirect call branches.
911 Count return branches.
913 Count returns, indirect calls or indirect jumps.
916 The default qualifier counts all the above branch types.
917 .It Li p4-retired-mispred-branch-type Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
919 Count mispredicted branches retired.
924 separated list of strings:
926 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
928 Count conditional jumps.
930 Count indirect call branches.
932 Count return branches.
934 Count returns, indirect calls or indirect jumps.
937 The default qualifier counts all the above branch types.
938 .It Li p4-scalar-dp-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
940 Count the number of scalar double-precision uops.
943 can take the following value (which is also the default):
945 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
947 Count the number of scalar double-precision uops.
949 .It Li p4-scalar-sp-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
951 Count the number of scalar single-precision uops.
954 can take the following value (which is also the default):
956 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
958 Count all uops operating on scalar single-precision operands.
963 Further documentation on this event is not available.
964 .It Li p4-sse-input-assist Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
966 Count the number of times an assist is required to handle problems
967 with the operands for SSE and SSE2 operations.
970 can take the following value (which is also the default):
972 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
974 Count assists for all SSE and SSE2 uops.
976 .It Li p4-store-port-replay Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
978 Count events replayed at the store port.
981 can take on one value:
983 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
988 The default value for
992 .It Li p4-tc-deliver-mode Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar qualifier
994 Count the duration in cycles of operating modes of the trace cache and
996 The desired operating mode is selected by
998 which is a list of the following strings separated by
1002 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1004 Both logical processors are in deliver mode.
1006 Logical processor 0 is in deliver mode while logical processor 1 is in
1009 Logical processor 0 is in deliver mode while logical processor 1 is
1010 halted, or in machine clear, or transitioning to a long microcode
1013 Logical processor 0 is in build mode while logical processor 1 is in
1016 Both logical processors are in build mode.
1018 Logical processor 0 is in build mode while logical processor 1 is
1019 halted, or in machine clear or transitioning to a long microcode
1022 Logical processor 0 is halted, or in machine clear or transitioning to
1023 a long microcode flow while logical processor 1 is in deliver mode.
1025 Logical processor 0 is halted, or in machine clear or transitioning to
1026 a long microcode flow while logical processor 1 is in build mode.
1029 If there is only one logical processor in the processor package then
1030 the qualifier for logical processor 1 is ignored.
1031 If no qualifier is specified, the default qualifier is
1032 .Dq Li DD+DB+DI+BD+BB+BI+ID+IB .
1033 .It Li p4-tc-ms-xfer Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1035 Count the number of times uop delivery changed from the trace cache to
1039 can take the following value (which is also the default):
1041 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1043 Count TC to MS transfers.
1045 .It Li p4-uop-queue-writes Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1047 Count the number of valid uops written to the uop queue.
1050 is a list of the following strings, separated by
1054 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1055 .It Li from-tc-build
1056 Count uops being written from the trace cache in build mode.
1057 .It Li from-tc-deliver
1058 Count uops being written from the trace cache in deliver mode.
1060 Count uops being written from microcode ROM.
1063 The default qualifier counts all the above kinds of uops.
1064 .It Li p4-uop-type Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1066 This event is used in conjunction with the front-end at-retirement
1067 mechanism to tag load and store uops.
1070 comprises the following strings separated by
1074 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1076 Mark uops that are load operations.
1078 Mark uops that are store operations.
1081 The default qualifier counts both kinds of uops.
1082 .It Li p4-uops-retired Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1084 Count uops retired during a clock cycle.
1087 comprises the following strings separated by
1091 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1093 Count marked uops that are not bogus.
1095 Count marked uops that are bogus.
1098 The default qualifier counts both kinds of uops.
1099 .It Li p4-wc-buffer Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1101 Count write-combining buffer operations.
1104 contains the following strings separated by
1108 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1110 WC buffer evictions due to any cause.
1111 .It Li wcb-full-evict
1112 WC buffer evictions due to no WC buffer being available.
1115 The default qualifer counts both kinds of evictions.
1116 .It Li p4-x87-assist Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1118 Count the retirement of x87 instructions that required special
1122 contains the following strings separated by
1126 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1128 Count instructions that saw an FP stack underflow.
1130 Count instructions that saw an FP stack overflow.
1132 Count instructions that saw an x87 output overflow.
1134 Count instructions that saw an x87 output underflow.
1136 Count instructions that needed an x87 input assist.
1139 The default qualifier counts all the above types of instruction
1141 .It Li p4-x87-fp-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1143 Count x87 floating-point uops.
1146 can take the following value (which is also the default):
1148 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1150 Count all x87 floating-point uops.
1153 If an instruction contains more than one x87 floating-point uops, then
1154 all x87 floating-point uops will be counted.
1155 This event does not count x87 floating-point data movement operations.
1156 .It Li p4-x87-simd-moves-uop Op Li ,mask= Ns Ar flags
1158 Count each x87 FPU, MMX, SSE, or SSE2 uops that load data or store
1159 data or perform register-to-register moves.
1160 This event does not count integer move uops.
1163 may contain the following keywords separated by
1167 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1169 Count all x87 and SIMD store and move uops.
1171 Count all x87 and SIMD load uops.
1174 The default is to count all uops.
1176 This event may be affected by processor errata N43.
1178 .Ss "Cascading P4 PMCs"
1179 PMC cascading support is currently poorly implemented.
1180 While individual event counters may be allocated with a
1182 qualifier, the current API does not offer the ability
1183 to name and allocate all the resources needed for a
1184 cascaded event counter pair in a single operation.
1185 .Ss "Precise Event Based Sampling"
1186 Support for precise event based sampling is currently
1188 .Ss Event Name Aliases
1189 The following table shows the mapping between the PMC-independent
1190 aliases supported by
1192 and the underlying hardware events used.
1193 .Bl -column "branch-mispredicts" "Description"
1194 .It Em Alias Ta Em Event
1195 .It Li branches Ta Li p4-branch-retired,mask=mmtp+mmtm
1196 .It Li branch-mispredicts Ta Li p4-mispred-branch-retired
1197 .It Li dc-misses Ta (unsupported)
1198 .It Li ic-misses Ta (unsupported)
1199 .It Li instructions Ta Li p4-instr-retired,mask=nbogusntag+nbogustag
1200 .It Li interrupts Ta Li (unsupported)
1201 .It Li unhalted-cycles Ta Li p4-global-power-events
1219 library first appeared in
1224 library was written by
1226 .Aq jkoshy@FreeBSD.org .